RU2369587C2 - Method for production of thin-arched gunpowder for small arms cartridges - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: explosives.

SUBSTANCE: method for production of thin-arched gunpowder for small arms cartridges includes preparation of powder elements from double base or pyroxylin gunpowder with size of 0.2-0.7 mm, squeezing of powder elements off water, preliminary drying till humidity of 2-15 %, powder elements treatment in aqueous solution of 1.0-70.0 wt % of unlimitedly water-soluble dissolvent - plasticiser of cellulose nitrates, rolling of elements into plates with thickness of 0.05-0.18 mm at roller temperature of 15-55°C, fractioning, final drying till humidity of 0.8-1.0 % and averaging of physical and chemical characteristics by mixing. Processing of powder elements in aqueous solution of 1.0-70.0 wt % of unlimitedly water-soluble dissolvent - plasticiser of cellulose nitrates is carried out for 12-24 hours to increase weight of powder elements by 7-20 wt %. Unlimitedly water-soluble dissolvent used is monoethyl ether of diethyelene glycol.

EFFECT: improvement of gunpowder operational characteristics.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of production of gunpowder and can be used to equip cartridges for shooting systems.

There is a method for producing dibasic nitroglycerin gunpowder using cordite technology (A.G. Gorst. Gunpowder and explosives. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1972, p.157). Upon receipt of the powder in this method, nitrocellulose and nitroglycerin are mixed under water, then the water is squeezed out, the squeezed mass is transferred to the mixer, and other components of the powder and acetone are added. After processing in the mixer, the mass is rolled and pressed through dies to obtain tubes and threads that are sent to cutting machines. The chopped elements are dried to remove acetone. The method has an increased danger, since a lexical flammable solvent (LVH) is used, and also has limitations on the geometric parameters of the powders.

A known method of manufacturing plate powder for cartridges for sports and hunting weapons (patent No. 2192405 RU, IPC С06В 21/00, С066В 25/24), comprising dissolving obsolete nitroglycerin gunpowder in a volatile solvent, which is taken in an amount of 60-65% by weight of gunpowder, preparation of powder mass by mixing the prepared solution of nitroglycerin powder, cellulose nitrates, a solution of diphenylamine in ether, combustion catalysts (copper oxide, industrial carbon oxide, iron oxide (III) and potassium nitrate, filtering the resulting powder mass s, rolling, cutting, vymochku, grafitovku, drying. The method allows to obtain only hunting lamellar powder, i.e. has a limited field of application, different multistage, increased danger, as used HIL.

There is a method of processing gunpowder into fine powder for small arms (patent No. 2212394 RU, IPC С06В 21/00 - prototype), which includes obtaining powder elements with dimensions of 0.2-0.7 mm, squeezing powder elements from water, pre-drying to moisture 2-15%, processing of powder elements in aqueous 1.0-70.0 wt.% Solutions of unlimited water-soluble solvents - plasticizers of cellulose nitrates, rolling of elements onto plates 0.05-0.18 mm thick at a roll temperature of 15-55 ° C, fractionation, final drying to a moisture content of 0.8-1.0% averaging the physicochemical characteristics of the bag.

The method provides fine-dispersed powders with a given value of the burning arch, with a wide interval in specific heat of combustion and the required porosity for sports and hunting rifle and pistol cartridges. The method is simple, economical, based on the use of cheap raw materials, obsolete gunpowder to be destroyed. However, the manufactured gunpowder has a reduced flowability due to the production of powder elements that are heterogeneous in geometric shape and surface, which does not provide the required accuracy of the dosage of gunpowder when firing cartridges on automatic lines.

The objective of the proposed method is to improve the operational characteristics of gunpowder.

This technical result in a method including the production of powder elements with dimensions of 0.2-0.7 mm, the extraction of powder elements from water, pre-drying to a moisture content of 2-15%, the processing of powder elements in aqueous 1.0-70.0 wt. % solutions of unlimited water-soluble solvents - plasticizers of cellulose nitrates, rolling of elements onto plates 0.05-0.18 mm thick at a roll temperature of 15-55 ° C, fractionation, final drying to a moisture content of 0.8-1.0% and averaging physico-chemical characteristics of the bag, achieved by the fact that the powder e elements before rolling are treated for 12-24 hours in aqueous solutions of solvents infinitely soluble in water - plasticizers of cellulose nitrates to increase the weight of the powder elements by 7-20 wt.%.

The method allows to improve the deformation characteristics of the powder elements during rolling and thereby stabilize the processing of powder elements, which ensures the production of gunpowder with a smooth surface of uniform shape and geometric dimensions, including the thickness of the burning arch, therefore, increases its performance.

Examples of the method

Example 1. The WTO dibasic TFP with the content of nitroglycerin (NHz) of 11.8% fraction of 0.2-0.4 mm in an amount of 2.0 kg is mixed with an aqueous 40 wt.% Solution of diethylene glycol monoethyl ether (ethicarbitol) in an amount of 4.0 kg, incubated for 24 hours to increase the weight of the powder by 20 wt.% (0.4 kg). Next, the suspension is filtered, the solution is separated from the powder elements and weighed, and then the powder elements are rolled to a thickness of 0.05 mm. The solvent is removed from the powder by drying, pollinated with graphite and averaged by bags.

Example 2. The WTO dibasic TFP with the content of NHz 24% fraction of 0.2-0.5 mm is mixed with 40 wt.% Aqueous solution of ethicarbitol in the amount of 4.0 kg, incubated for 24 hours to increase the weight of the powder by 7 wt.% (0.2 kg). Next, the suspension is filtered, the solution is separated from the powder elements and weighed, and then the powder elements are rolled to a thickness of 0.09 mm. The solvent is removed from the powder by soaking and drying, pollinated with graphite and averaged by bags.

Example 3. The WTO of the dibasic TFP SEN with the NHz content of 24% fraction of 0.2-0.5 mm is mixed with 40 wt.% Aqueous solution of ethicarbitol in the amount of 4.0 kg, incubated for 24 hours to increase the weight of the powder by 10 wt. % (per 0.2 kg). Next, the suspension is filtered, the solution is separated from the powder elements and weighed, and then the powder elements are rolled to a thickness of 0.110 mm. The solvent is removed from the powder by soaking and drying, pollinated with graphite and averaged by bags.

Example 4. The crumb of high-nitrogen pyroxylin powder 2 kg of a fraction of 0.2-0.63 mm is mixed with a 30 wt.% Aqueous solution of ethicarbitol in an amount of 4.0 kg, incubated for 12 hours until the weight of the powder is increased by 7 wt.% (By 0.14 kg). Next, the suspension is filtered, the solution is separated from the powder elements and weighed, and then the powder elements are rolled to a thickness of 0.08 mm. The solvent is removed from the powder by soaking and drying, pollinated with graphite and averaged by bags.

Example 5. High-nitrogen pyroxylin powder WU in the amount of 2 kg is mixed with 30 wt.% Aqueous solution of ethicarbitol in the amount of 4.0 kg, incubated for 12 hours until the weight of the powder is increased by 7 wt.% (By 0.14 kg). Next, the suspension is filtered, the solution is separated from the powder elements and weighed, and then the powder elements are rolled to a thickness of 0.1 mm. The solvent is removed from the powder by soaking and drying, pollinated with graphite and averaged by bags.

Some physico-chemical, ballistic and operational characteristics of the obtained samples of gunpowder are given in the table. Tests of gunpowder samples were carried out in 12 hunting caliber hunting cartridges.

Analysis of the data presented indicates that the samples produced by the proposed method have the best performance. The spread across the thickness of the burning roof is significantly (2-4 times) reduced, flowability increases by 15-20% and, as a result, the spread across the velocity of the bullet and the pressure of the powder gases in the bore is reduced, i.e. stability of ballistic indicators increases. The increase in flowability will also improve the conditions for the equipment of cartridges on automatic lines.

Table 1 Characteristics of gunpowder samples The name of indicators Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Prototype The thickness of the burning arch, mm 0.05 0.09 0.11 0.09 0.10 0.15 The spread across the thickness of the burning arch, mm 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.04 The specific heat of combustion of the powder, MJ / kg 4.2 4.8 4.8 3.8 4.9 4.3 The content of nitroglycerin, wt.% 11.8 2.04 24.0 - 25.7 11.8 The apparent density of the powder, kg / DM ³ 1,58 1,58 1,6 1,6 1,63 1,58 Flowability of gunpowder, g / s 7.7 7.5 7.8 7.8 7.9 6.5 Ballistic characteristics: The mass of the powder charge, g 1.4 1.45 1.7 1.7 1.32 1.85 Fraction mass, g 24 24 32 32 24 32 The average initial velocity of the bullet, m / s 348 345 330 337 347 329 Speed spread, m / s 5 6 four 5 7 eleven The average maximum pressure of the powder gases PM. Wed, MPa (kgf / cm ² ) 62 (635) 49 (503) 60 (610) 57 (580) 58 (595) 57 (580)

Claims (1)

A method of obtaining fine powder for small arms cartridges, including the production of powder elements from dibasic or pyroxylin powder with a size of 0.2-0.7 mm, the extraction of powder elements from water, pre-drying to a moisture content of 2-15%, the processing of powder elements in water 1 , 0-70.0 wt.% Solution of an unlimited water-soluble solvent - plasticizer of cellulose nitrates, rolling of elements onto plates 0.05-0.18 mm thick at a roll temperature of 15-55 ° C, fractionation, final drying to a moisture content of 0, 8-1.0% and average the physical and chemical characteristics of the bag are characterized by the fact that the processing of the powder elements in an aqueous 1.0-70.0 wt.% solution of an unlimited water-soluble solvent - plasticizer of cellulose nitrates is carried out for 12-24 hours until the weight of the powder elements is increased by 7 -20 wt.%, While diethylene glycol monoethyl ether is used as an unlimited water-soluble solvent.