RU2368134C1 - Nucleus support - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention is in the field of agriculture, particularly to apiculture and can be used at apiary at specially prolific queen birth. The nucleus support represents two rigid pipes laid flat under the bottom of the hive. The length of each pipe is greater that that of one or two frames. Internal diametre of the pipe is equal to the height of the superframe inserted into the pipe. Removable walls in the form of disks with hive entrance blocks are mounted in the pipe and openings.

EFFECT: nucleus box reduces overheating during the day and overcooling at night, as a result bees look after young prolific queens better, which results in obtaining super prolific queen.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, namely to beekeeping, and can be used in small apiaries of amateur beekeepers and large apiaries in the industrial field.

The most common stand for a beehive is four stakes vertically driven into the soil, with a beehive installed on the protruding ends. Such a stand is mainly used in stationary apiaries and reliably protects the bottom of the hive from moisture. As a result, the service life of the hive is significantly increased.

But the mentioned stand cannot be turned into a nucleus in summer to produce fetal queens. Therefore, in order to obtain fetal queens for a significant period of summer, blank walls are arranged inside the hive and queens are received in its separate compartments. This complicates the design of the hive and reduces the possibility of efficient use of the internal volume of the hive for its intended purpose - obtaining beekeeping products.

With the development of nomadic beekeeping, hive coasters of various shapes of hard elements, such as bricks laid on the soil, steel couplings, and natural stones that are carried along with the apiary, have become widespread.

However, these elements are still not used in the production of fetal queen bees. In order not to occupy the internal volume of the hive for obtaining fetal uterus, many beekeepers use special hives - nuclei with small-sized honeycomb frames, which are separately set stationary or carried along.

The use of nuclei freed the beekeeper from the need to arrange the production of fetal queens inside the main hive, and the productivity of beekeepers and the productivity of bee colonies respectively increased.

But miniature nuclei, placed on the soil, in the summer are very hot from the soil heated by the sun and especially dry grass on hot days. Because of this, bees are not able to maintain an optimal microclimate inside the nucleus and often fly out of the nucleus. Beekeepers suffer irreversible losses, and the queen bees get lower quality. In addition, it is more difficult to replenish the necessary fodder reserves and feed the bees in nuclei, since weak families can plunder strong families, and it is difficult to keep all the honeycomb cells after receiving the fetal queen until the summer of next year, and they usually deteriorate. Therefore, they are rebuilt annually or cut from standard honeycombs. And this leads to an increase in the cost of fetal queens.

To reduce the adverse environmental effects on mini-hives, they are made multi-seat.

There is a known system of beekeeping in African countries, in which each family is housed in an artificial house for bees made of pipes (see the independent popular science magazine "Bee and Man" p.5.). Unfortunately, only a photograph of this system is presented. Nevertheless, the applicant had to read the following about beekeeping. Mostly pottery pipes within two meters in length are stacked horizontally in rows, one on top of another, to form a stack of pipes. The upper row of pipes is protected from sunlight and precipitation. On the one hand, removable blind walls are placed on the ends of the pipes, and on the other hand, removable walls with notches. The swarms settle in such hives, removing one of the walls of the pipe, and as soon as the swarm enters, they close it with a wall. So the families settle in each pipe. Further, families live as in natural dwellings - they build honeycombs and prepare honey for future use. After the main honey collection, the beekeeper clarifies the amount of honey stocks in the families and removes full-weight pipes from the stack, placing them in the sun. The bees soon leave the overheated pipe and, asking themselves in neighboring families, unite. And the beekeeper, having opened both openings in the pipe, sets it obliquely to the container and with a pole removes all cells with honey from it into the container.

The advantage of such a system is that the pipes in the stack are mutually overshadowed by each other and this ensures that the optimum temperature is maintained in the nests of families.

But the non-separable beekeeping system does not allow the use of fetal uterus in these tubes, followed by extraction of the uterus from them and their use for other purposes in other hive systems.

Common essential features of the mentioned hives are horizontally laid pipes on the soil and removable walls installed at the ends of the pipes.

A special nucleus hive is known (see Beekeeping No. 6, 1987, p. 30, author A.I. Kasyanov.). The nucleus hive consists of longitudinal and end walls. Its internal volume is divided by partitions into four compartments with notches in different directions, and hinged stands from a metal rod are arranged outside, which are made with the possibility of using them as handles. Small-format honeycomb frames are used in the compartments, and on top of all the compartments are covered with one lap flap.

Due to the folding supports, the nucleus hive is raised from the soil by a certain distance and therefore is less prone to overheating. Bees during mutual heating of seeds through partitions at night in all compartments maintain optimal temperature in the nests and the queen bees mature properly and mate with drones in a timely manner.

However, even in the nucleus hive, the bees are not able to provide a sufficient decrease in temperature. On hot days, the rays of the sun, heating the lid and walls, overheat the nests in all compartments, so the queen bees during low temperatures are of reduced quality. In addition, with the end of obtaining fetal uterus, problems arise with the preservation of small format honeycombs until the next season.

The stand for the hive is known (see J. Beekeeping No. 11, 1991, p. 22, author A.A. Lakhtin). The stand is made of tubes, two of which are laid horizontally on the soil and have a mount with a supporting, rectangular frame on which the beehive is placed.

The stand is made of lightweight aluminum tubes and is convenient for migrating with honey bees to bees.

But the well-known stand cannot be used to obtain fetal queens.

Common essential features of the famous hive stand are two tubes laid horizontally on the soil.

Known stand for the hive and solar wax refinery (see. Beekeeping No. 3, 2004, p. 40, author D.N. Ruban). The supporting elements of the stand are made of three pipes. A vertical pipe is welded to a crosspiece of two pipes laid horizontally on the soil. A guide with a cross for inserting a beehive or wax refinery is inserted into a vertical pipe.

The advantage of the stand is that the wax refinery or hive can be easily rotated in the horizontal plane if necessary.

However, it is not possible to use such a stand to obtain fetal uterus in it.

Common essential features of the known stand with the claimed invention are two rigid horizontal pipes laid on the ground.

A well-known stand for sun loungers (see J. Beekeeping No. 5, 1994, year p. 42, author A.N. Kovalev), which, based on the set of essential features, was chosen by us for the prototype. The prototype support consists of a rectangular frame welded from iron pipes with horizontally folding supports laid on the soil. The stand is convenient for wandering and in the hospital because it takes up little space when folded, and when transported it is hung on board the body.

But the well-known prototype stand cannot be used to obtain fetal queens.

The common essential features of the well-known stand with the proposed stand - the nucleus are two pipes laid horizontally on the soil.

The purpose of the invention is the reduction of the labor of the beekeeper in obtaining fetal uterus of high quality.

This goal was achieved in that if the known supports are not adapted to receive fetal queens and serve only to maintain the bottom of the hive at a distance from the soil surface, and the nuclei placed on the point are usually not protected from overheating by sunlight, then in the proposed stand made in combination with a nucleus and including at least two rigid pipes, one or two honeycombs, larger in length, larger than one or two honeycombs, laid on the soil under the bottom of the hive, in each of which the end openings have removable walls in the form If there are no circles with gaps, then in this stand-nucleus the mentioned drawback is eliminated by the fact that the internal size of the pipe is taken equal to the height of the half-frame that is inserted inside the pipe.

In the drawings, a nucleus stand is schematically depicted.

Figure 1 - one pipe with a removable wall and a half-frame in two projections, with a view of the end and side view with a partial section.

Figure 2 - laid on the soil two pipes in the working position.

The nucleus prefix consists of two pipes 1 laid on the soil 1 (Fig. 2), into which a half-frame 2 (Fig. 1) is inserted. At both ends, the openings of each pipe 1 are covered by a removable wall 3 with a notch 4 and an arrivals 5. The bottom 6 of the hive is installed on these pipes.

The cube stand works as follows. Two pipes with an inner diameter of 150 mm and a size equal to more than the length of the half-frame, or the size of more than two half-frames (a blind partition is inserted in the center of the latter, not shown), are laid horizontally on the soil. They put a beehive lounger with a strong family. Two half-frames are allowed to be built into the nest next to the brood 2. When a family of mature queen bears appears in the nest in the evening, one rebuilt half-frame with a supply of feed is placed in each pipe opening and cover the openings made, for example, from fiberboard walls 3 with letok 4. Then, in prepared stands - nucleoli through the summers settle families with young queens and leave them alone for ten days. The bee of the seeds that took the young queens, using the feed reserves in the half-frame, rebuild the natural honeycombs nearby. Being in the shade under the hive, on hot days, the families do not overheat from the sun's rays, and during night cooling the bees gather in the club, the uterus matures without mismatching and mates with drones in a timely manner. After ten days, walls 3 with summers 4, having taken over arrivals 5, are removed from the pipe openings 1 and, having taken out half frame 2, the cells in the cells are checked for eggs, and if the uterus is sown, they are found and used for their intended purpose. Families are again given other young queens. After receiving fetal uterus, the half-frames 2 are placed in the appropriate case for using the main honey collection, and the natural honeycombs are removed for re-molding. After the flight of the orphaned bees from the stand-nucleus to the hive with the main family, the removable walls 3 are removed and placed for storage inside the pipe 1.

In the spring of 2007, we tested the proposed invention in apiary conditions. To do this, two cement-asbestos pipes 1 longer than the length of one half-frame 2 with an internal diameter of 150 mm were laid horizontally on the soil, and 6 hive loungers with 24 strong frames were placed on the bottom of these pipes. Two half-frames 2 were placed in her nest for building natural sotiks near the brood 2. In addition, for control purposes, the same two pipes 1 were placed on the soil, on growing grass, but they were not covered with a hive. At the end of April, the family in the sunbed came into a swarm state. With the appearance of mature mothers in the family, the fetal uterus was transferred to a different hive, and half-frames rebuilt with food were inserted inside each pipe. Then two openings of the pipes were covered with removable walls 3 made of fiberboard with tapes 4. Next, through the tap-hole 4, families were placed in each pipe 1 with young uterus. In the same way, two control pipes 1 were populated by families. Young uterus through the 4 years in the walls 3 reached the mating flights, and the bees, having free space in the pipes 1 on both sides of the half frames, built natural honeycombs in them. However, four days later it turned out to be a hot day, and from the control nuclei from the pipes, the families flew out of the control nuclei due to overheating by the sun. In the experimental stand-nucleus, which was in the shade under the hive-lounger, the bees did not react to the heat and worked as usual. They did not negatively affect the experimental nuclei and night cooling, since at a pipe diameter of 150 mm, the bees formed a similar size club during the period of low temperature, and the young uterus matured normally in it and mated with drones during breeding flights. Ten days later, in each family, from one aperture, a removable wall 3 with a notch 4, holding on to the arrivals 5, was removed from the pipe. Then, taking out the half-frame from the tube, the presence of eggs was detected in the cells of the cells, and if the uterus began to lay eggs, then it was found and used for its intended purpose.

In each tube of the support-nucleus of the young uterus, they were allowed to fertilize again and by the end of May four fetal uterus had been received. When disassembling nuclei, the tubes under the hive were replaced by empty ones. Then the half-frames of them were moved back to the hive-lounger, the natural honeycombs were removed for re-molding, and 3 removable walls from the openings were stored in the same pipes.

As a result, without undergoing overheating and hypothermia, the bees take better care of the young uterus, do not tend from the stand-nucleus to the rally, and the fetal uterus turns out to be of higher quality. The beekeeper, not dividing the internal volume of the hive into compartments, with less labor, will himself receive the necessary number of fetal queens for the needs of his apiary and for their sale to other beekeepers. In addition, we checked that when replacing one wall with a notch on the mesh, the pipe with the family without risk of steaming the bees can be transported or transported over a considerable distance. And if necessary, then the hive is left on a stand-nucleus from the pipes in the winter. After wintering and spring development, the nucleus stand is always ready to accept the following families to obtain fetal queens.

Practically, with a support nucleus, for the same time, you can get fetal uterus twice as many, not four, but eight. To do this, under the hive-lounger, you need to put not two pipes, but four, orienting them along the hive’s body. But, in this embodiment, it is preferable to use pipes longer than the length of two half-frames and block them in the center with a blank wall.

Considering the simplicity of the manufacture and storage of nucleus coasters, as well as their effectiveness in obtaining fetal queens and the possibility of transporting seeds to them at a distance, for the summer of 2008, we prepared nucleus coasters for all apiary hives - for 200 hives of 400 pipes.

Claims (1)

Nucleus support, including at least two rigid pipes, one or two honeycombs, laid on the soil under the bottom of the hive, with larger lengths in each of which end openings have removable walls in the form of circles with gaps, characterized in that the inner diameter of the pipe taken equal to the height of the half-frame, which is inserted inside the pipe.

Images