RU2367414C1 - Method of respiratory disease treatment of young stock - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary science.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to veterinary science. The method includes intramuscular injection of dioxygen. Dioxygen is injected as follows: two times every day in the dosage of 0.1 ml/kg of body weight within 5-7 days, in case of complicated course of a disease - within 7-9 days.

EFFECT: method allows increasing efficiency of respiratory diseases treatment of young stock.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of veterinary medicine.

The great economic damage caused to livestock farms by respiratory diseases of young animals necessitates the search for ways and methods to improve and find new effective means in their prevention and treatment.

In the complex of measures to combat respiratory diseases of bacterial etiology in young farm animals, such chemotherapeutic agents as sulfanilamides, antibiotics, nitrofurans, etc. are widely used. However, their prolonged and unsystematic use in animal husbandry has led to the emergence of resistance to them in microorganism strains.

A known method for the treatment of bronchopneumonia of calves using the drug "Eridinum", containing, wt.%: Erythromycin 5.0-10.0; starch 7.5-12.5; calcium stearate 1.0-2.0; dioxidine 4.0-8.0 and lactose up to 100%. Assign it to 1 briquette 1-2 times a day for 3-5 days [RU 1424170, C, 12.20.1995].

A known method of treating young farm animals with Enroxil 5%, which is a clear yellow solution, 1 ml of which contains 50 mg of enrofloxacin [Klenova IF, Yaremenko NA., Veterinary preparations in Russia, Reference. - M .: Selkhozizdat, 2001. - p.144.].

There is a method of treating respiratory diseases of young farm animals using 5% Enroflox solution manufactured by INVESA (Spain) [Veterinary preparations in Russia: a guide in 2 volumes, volume 1 / Klenova I.F., Maltseva L.M., Yaremenko N.A., Arkhipov I.A. - M .: Selkhozizdat, 2004. - P.232].

The disadvantage of the above funds is their narrow spectrum of action, which requires the integrated use of drugs, as well as their low effectiveness in associative infections, which are constantly recorded in livestock farms. On the other hand, the use of these drugs does not always lead to positive results due to the development of resistance of pathogens to these drugs.

The closest technical solution is a method of treating respiratory diseases of young farm animals using gentamicin sulfate 4%, which is a mixture of several antibiotics produced by Micromonospora purpurea. Available in the form of a sterile solution containing 40 mg of active substance in 1 ml. [Veterinary preparations in Russia: Handbook in 2 volumes, vol. 1. / I.F.Klenova, K.L. Maltsev, N.A. Yaremenko, I.A. Arkhipov. - M .: Selkhozizdat, 2004. - S. 168-169].

The use of gentamicin sulfate 4% is not always quite effective and does not lead to the complete recovery of all sick piglets in the presence of a side effect (nephro- and ototoxicity).

The technical result of the invention is improving efficiency.

The technical result is achieved using the method of treatment of respiratory diseases of young farm animals, during which the drug Dioxigen is used.

Dioxigen - a new antibacterial combination drug based on gentamicin sulfate and dioxidine [Shakhov A.G. and others. Antimicrobial activity of the complex drug Dioxigen. // First Congress of Veterinary Pharmacoglogs of Russia. Voronezh June 21-23, 2007: Materials of the congress. - Voronezh, 2007. - S.658-660].

In the dosage form, two bactericidal agents are simultaneously combined. This provides a synergistic effect, due to the fact that these drugs act in the same phase of cell growth, but on different metabolic pathways.

The antibacterial action of dioxidine is based on the selective suppression of DNA synthesis. In addition, the drug reduces the activity of extracellular nuclease and plasmocoagulase in microorganisms, which leads to dysfunction of the genetic apparatus of the microbial cell, and as a result, the biosynthesis of biologically active macromolecules, which are pathogenicity factors, is suppressed.

The mechanism of action of gentamicin is associated with a violation of the synthesis of microbial cell polypeptides in ribosomes.

The main purpose of the combined use of dioxidine and gentamicin is to expand the spectrum of antibacterial action, fill in the gaps in the spectrum of each of the components of the combination and prevent the formation of resistance of microorganisms.

The method is as follows.

The preparation Dioxigen is heated to 37-38 ° C before use. The drug is administered intramuscularly daily twice a day at a dose of 0.1 ml / kg body weight for 5-7 days, for severe illness - for 7-9 days. No more than 5 ml is administered to calves in one place, no more than 2.5 ml of the drug to piglets. With the introduction of large volumes, the dose is divided and administered in different places. With repeated injections, it is recommended to change the injection site.

The essence of the method is illustrated by examples.

Example 1. The study of the specific activity of the drug Dioxigen used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of respiratory diseases in young farm animals

The study of antimicrobial activity was carried out in vitro by the method of serial dilutions. As test cultures, reference and field (pathogenic) strains of microorganisms - pathogens of respiratory diseases of piglets and calves typified by morphological, tinctorial, cultural, biochemical and serological properties were used.

The minimum bacteriostatic concentration (MBsK) of the studied drugs was determined by serial dilutions in meat-peptone broth (MPB), the minimum bactericidal concentration was determined by plating from tubes with transparent medium on solid nutrient media (MPA) that did not contain the drug.

As a liquid nutrient medium, meat-peptone broth was used. When determining the sensitivity of streptococci to the medium, 1% glucose was added.

The main solution of the drug Dioxigen 1000 μg / ml (prepared taking into account the density of the drug). A working solution was prepared from the main solution of the preparation. Then, 4.5 ml of meat-peptone broth were poured into 16 sterile tubes. 4.5 ml of the preparation was added to 1 tube, mixed, after which 4.5 ml of the resulting solution was transferred to the next tube, thus continuing dilution to 15 tubes. As a control of culture growth, a 16 test tube containing no preparation was used.

The content of microbial cells in 1 ml of medium was 500 thousand.

Crops were incubated at 37 ° C for 18-20 hours. After the incubation period, the result was taken into account.

The results of the studies are presented in table 1.

Table 1 Antimicrobial activity of gentamicin, dioxidine and dioxigen (μg / ml) Microorganism culture Gentamicin Dioxidine Dioxigen MBSK MBCC MBSK MBCC MBSK MBCC Salmonella dublin 59317 3.12 6.25 25.0 50,0 3.12 6.25 Salmonella dublin 3.12 6.25 25.0 50,0 3.12 6.25 Salmonella cholerae suis 3.12 12.5 25.0 50,0 3.12 6.25 Salmonella cholerae suis (n) 6.25 12.5 50,0 100.0 6.25 12.5 Staphylococcus aureus 209p 0.78 1,56 50,0 100.0 0.39 1,56 Staphylococcus aureus (n) 1,56 3.12 50,0 100.0 0.78 3.12 Streptococcus pneumoniae (n) 0.78 1,56 50,0 100.0 0.78 1,56 Pasteurella multocida 1314 3.12 6.25 25.0 50,0 3.12 6.25 Pasteurella multocida (p) 3.12 6.25 25.0 50,0 6.25 12.5 Bordetella bronchiseptica 6.25 12.5 25.0 50,0 6.25 12.5 Note - (p) - field (pathogenic) pathogen.

The study of the antimicrobial activity of the combination of gentamicin and dioxidine showed the presence of a synergistic effect in relation to the studied pathogenic cultures.

Determination of the efficacy of gentamicin, dioxidine and dioxigen in model experiments in experimental infection of white mice with Salmonella cholerae suis 434/9 (2.25 million mk.k. / mouse) Salmonella dublin 59317 (3.25 million mk.k. / mouse), Staphylococcus aureus 209P (500 million cubic meters per mouse) and Pasteurella multocida 1314 (100 thousand cubic meters per mouse).

The experiments were carried out on sexually mature conventional non-linear heterosexual white mice with a body weight of 20-22 g of vivarium dilution of the All-Russian NIVI pathology, pharmacology and therapy. Animals were kept in vivarium conditions at 20-22 ° C and humidity 40-60%. Keeping animals and providing food was in compliance with the regulatory requirements of the International Convention.

Groups of animals were formed according to the principle of paired analogues of 16 animals each, taking into account body weight, development and clinical condition. Animals of the control groups were not treated. The experimental animals were monitored for 10 days, taking into account the incidence, death, timing of recovery. The specificity of death was determined by the bacteriological method of isolating the initial cultures of microorganisms.

Infection of animals was carried out intraperitoneally by flushing daily agar cultures of pathogens. Cultivation was done on sterile saline. The concentration of microbial cells was determined according to the turbidity standard.

Treatment of mice was started 6 hours after infection. The drugs were administered 2 times a day intramuscularly.

The therapeutic efficacy of the drugs was judged by the number of surviving mice after treatment and the number of mouse days for each group 10 days after infection.

As can be seen from the data presented in table 2, the treatment of experimental infections with gentamicin at a dose of 80 μg / mouse is ineffective (the effectiveness of the drug is 56.3-81.3%). The treatment of experimental infections caused by Salmonella cholerae suis 434/9, Salmonella dublin 59317, dioxidine at a dose of 20 μg / mouse is also ineffective (drug efficacy 56.3-62.5%), and caused by Staphylococcus aureus 209P and Pasteurella multocida 1314 ineffective (effectiveness the drug is 18.8%).

During experimental infection of mice with Salmonella cholerae suis 434/9 and Pasteurella multocida 1314, treatment with dioxigen at a dose of 80 + 20 μg / mouse ensured the safety of animals within 87.5%, which was 12.5-25% higher compared to that when using for the treatment of gentamicin and 25-68.7% with the appointment of dioxidine.

The treatment of white mice infected with Salmonella dublin 59317 with dioxigen at a dose of 80 + 20 μg / mouse ensured the maximum safety of the animals (100%) compared with that with separate use of gentamicin (81.3%) and dioxidine (56.3%).

In experimental infection of mice caused by Staphylococcus aureus 209P, the therapeutic efficacy of dioxigen was 25% higher than that of gentamicin and 68.7% dioxidine.

An increase in the total life expectancy of white mice depending on the pathogen microorganism by 8-70 days in groups treated with dioxigen was also noted.

Studies have shown that the drug Dioxigen has a wide spectrum of antimicrobial action against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.

As a result of studying the antimicrobial effect of gentamicin in combination with dioxidine in experiments in vivo and in vitro, it was found that these drugs have a mutually reinforcing effect against the studied strains of microorganisms.

Thus, the experimental data obtained indicate that the drug has a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms - the main bacterial pathogens of respiratory diseases in young farm animals.

Example 2. The effectiveness of the treatment of bronchopneumonia in calves

The study of the effectiveness of dioxigen for the treatment of bronchopneumonia in calves was carried out in three experiments on calves of 2-2.5 months of age weighing 55-95 kg.

According to the principle of paired analogues, animals were divided into two groups. The diagnosis of bronchopneumonia was established comprehensively on the basis of a study of the epizootic situation on the farm, data from a clinical examination of animals and autopsy, and laboratory results.

The animals were monitored daily for 15 days, taking into account the general condition, death, growth rate, and timing of recovery.

The calves of the control group were treated with a solution of gentamicin sulfate 4%, which was administered intramuscularly at a dose of 3 mg / kg body weight twice a day for 5 days.

For the animals of the experimental group, dioxigen was administered intramuscularly daily twice a day at a dose of 0.1 ml / kg body weight for 5-7 days, for severe illness - for 7-9 days.

The first experience in studying the effectiveness of the use of dioxigen for the treatment of calf bronchopneumonia was carried out in OAO Yubileinoye, Khokholsky District, Voronezh Region.

The second experiment on the study of the effectiveness of dioxigen for the treatment of calf bronchopneumonia was carried out in the Agricultural Association “Freedom” of the Rossoshansky district of the Voronezh region.

The third experience in studying the effectiveness of dioxigen for the treatment of calf bronchopneumonia was carried out in Pure Dubrava LLC, Lipetsk region, Lipetsk region.

The results of experiments to study the effectiveness of the use of dioxigen for the treatment of bronchopneumonia in calves are presented in tables 3-5.

Table 3 The effectiveness of the use of dioxigen for the treatment of bronchopneumonia in calves in OAO Yubileinoye, Khokholsky District, Voronezh Region Indicators Group of animals The control Experience Number of animals, goals 87 93 Recover, Goals 74 87 % 85.1 93.5 Fallen, goals - - % - - Remained sick, goals 13 6 % 14.9 6.5 Recovery time, days 6.7 ± 0.4 4.9 ± 0.6 Therapeutic efficacy,% 85.1 93.5

Table 4 The effectiveness of the use of dioxigen for the treatment of bronchopneumonia in calves in the agricultural association "Freedom" Rossoshansky district of the Voronezh region Indicators Group of animals The control Experience Number of animals, goals 43 46 Recover, Goals 35 41 % 81.4 89.1 Fallen, goals 3 2 % 7.0 4.4 Remained sick, goals 5 3 % 11.6 6.5 Recovery time, days 8.4 ± 0.7 6.6 ± 0.4 Therapeutic efficacy,% 81.4 89.1

Table 5 The effectiveness of the use of dioxigen for the treatment of bronchopneumonia in calves in LLC “Pure Dubrava” of the Lipetsk region of the Lipetsk region Indicators Group of animals The control Experience Number of animals, goals 71 81 Recover, Goals 55 72 % 77.5 88.9 Fallen, goals eleven 8 % 15,5 9.9 Remained sick, goals 5 one % 7.0 1,2 Recovery time, days 6.3 ± 0.6 4.1 ± 0.4 Therapeutic efficacy,% 77.5 88.9

As studies have shown, dioxigen has high therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of calf bronchopneumonia. In all experiments, when using the Dioxigen preparation compared with the control groups, the recovery time was reduced by 1.8-2.2 days, the death rate of animals decreased by an average of 1.6 times. The therapeutic efficacy of dioxigen on average in three experiments was 90.5%, which is 9.2% higher than the effectiveness of the gentamicin sulfate solution 4%.

Example 3. The effectiveness of the treatment of bronchopneumonia in piglets

A study of the effectiveness of dioxigen for the treatment of bronchopneumonia in piglets was carried out in three experiments on pigs 30-45 days old weighing 8.0-12.0 kg.

According to the principle of paired analogues, animals were divided into two groups. The diagnosis of bronchopneumonia was established comprehensively on the basis of a study of the epizootic situation on the farm, data from a clinical examination of animals and autopsy, and laboratory results.

The animals were monitored daily for 10-15 days, taking into account the general condition, mortality, growth rate, and timing of recovery.

Piglets of the control group were treated with a 4% gentamicin sulfate solution, which was administered intramuscularly at a dose of 4 mg / kg body weight twice a day for 3-5 days.

For the animals of the experimental group, dioxigen was administered intramuscularly daily twice a day at a dose of 0.1 ml / kg body weight for 5-7 days, for severe illness - for 7-9 days.

The first experience in studying the effectiveness of the use of dioxigen in the treatment of bronchopneumonia in piglets was carried out in the Rodina agricultural school in the Rossoshansky district of the Voronezh region from April to June 2004.

Table 6 The effectiveness of the use of dioxigen for the treatment of bronchopneumonia in piglets in the SCA "Rodina" Rossoshansky district of the Voronezh region Indicators Group of animals The control Experience Number of animals, goals 121 125 Recover, Goals 106 118 % 87.6 94.4 Fallen, goals 5 3 % 4.1 2,4 Stayed sick goals 10 four % 8.3 3.2 Recovery time, days 6.5 ± 0.5 5.7 ± 0.5 Therapeutic efficacy,% 87.6 94.4

The second experiment was conducted in the SEC "Alekseevsky" Alekseevsky district of the Belgorod region from May to June 2004.

The third experience in studying the effectiveness of dioxigen in the treatment of bronchopneumonia in piglets was conducted at the Aleksandrovskoye Agricultural Association of the Rossoshansky District of the Voronezh Region from February to April 2005.

The results of experiments to study the effectiveness of the use of dioxigen for the treatment of bronchopneumonia in piglets are presented in table 7-8.

Studies have shown that dioxigen has high therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of bronchopneumonia in piglets. Compared with the base case, when using Dioxigen, the recovery period decreased by 0.8-1.6 days and the death rate of animals by 1.7-2.3-5.7%.

Table 7 The effectiveness of the use of dioxigen for the treatment of bronchopneumonia in piglets in the SEC "Alekseevsky" Alekseevsky district of the Belgorod region Indicators Group of animals The control Experience Number of animals, goals 134 138 Recover, Goals 117 130 % 87.3 94.2 Fallen, goals 5 2 % 3,7 1.4 Stayed sick goals 12 6 % 9.0 4.4 Recovery time, days 6.1 ± 0.7 4.6 ± 0.6 Therapeutic efficacy,% 87.3 94.2

Table 8 The effectiveness of the use of dioxigen for the treatment of bronchopneumonia in piglets in the "Aleksandrovskoye" agricultural school of the Rossoshansky district of the Voronezh region Indicators Group of animals The control Experience Number of animals, goals 108 124 Recover, Goals 85 112 % 78.7 90.3 Fallen, goals fourteen 9 % 13.0 7.3 Stayed sick goals 9 3 % 8.3 2,4 Recovery time, days 6.4 ± 0.6 4.8 ± 0.3 Therapeutic efficacy,% 78.7 90.3

Example 4. The effectiveness of the treatment of pneumonia in piglets

A study of the effectiveness of dioxigen in pulmonary pasteurellosis in piglets was carried out in an experiment on piglets of 65-100 days of age at the Liven Meat OJSC Agrofirm, Livensky District, Oryol Region.

According to the principle of paired analogues, animals were divided into two groups. The diagnosis of the disease was made comprehensively on the basis of data from a clinical examination of animals, the results of bacteriological studies (culture of Pasteurella multocida from the affected lungs was isolated), pathological data, taking into account the epizootic situation on the farm.

The animals were monitored daily for 15 days, taking into account the general condition, death, growth rate, and timing of recovery.

Piglets of the control group were treated with 5% Enroflox solution manufactured by INVESA (Spain), which was administered at a dose of 0.5 ml / 10 kg of body weight once a day for 10 days.

For the animals of the experimental group, dioxigen was administered intramuscularly daily twice a day at a dose of 0.1 ml / kg body weight for 5-7 days, for severe illness - for 7-9 days.

Table 9 The effectiveness of the use of dioxigen in pulmonary pasteurellosis of piglets in JSC Agrofirm Livenskoe Meat, Livensky District, Oryol Region Indicators Group of animals The control Experience Number of animals, goals 101 98 Recover, Goals 81 79 % 80.2 80.6 Fallen, goals 0 0 % 0 0 Stayed sick goals twenty 19 % 19.8 19,4 Recovery time, days 9.1 ± 0.1 8.9 ± 0.2 Therapeutic efficacy,% 80.2 80.6

Tests of a method for treating respiratory diseases in piglets and calves have shown its high efficiency.

Based on the results of the studies, it was found that dioxigen has a wide spectrum of antimicrobial action, a pronounced therapeutic effect in respiratory diseases of bacterial etiology in piglets and calves.

Claims (1)

A method of treating respiratory diseases of young farm animals, including intramuscular administration of a drug, characterized in that the drug is a dioxigen preparation as follows: daily, twice a day, at a dose of 0.1 ml / kg body weight for 5-7 days , in severe illness - within 7-9 days.