RU2357196C1 - 'torzhok' cluster/fragmentation shell - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapon.

SUBSTANCE: invention concerns ammunition. Shell includes case with explosive charge in rear part and fragment assembly in front part, head cap with head fuse or trajectory contact type and destruction charge, central tube passing through fragment assembly. Fragment assembly is made of finished destructive elements with shape facilitating compact element packing in the assembly. Destruction charge is mounted in internal cavity of head cap along cap axis and made in the form of oblong or ogive body broadening towards shell bottom, and feature wedge-shaped cumulative grooves along its generation lines. Case features front bottom separating fragment assembly, and shell includes bottom fuse with detonator where indicated central tube ends.

EFFECT: enhanced operation reliability.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to fragmentation-beam munitions having both axial and circular fields of destruction.

Known fragmentation-beam shells containing a shell with an explosive charge, a single-layer or multi-layer block of ready-made striking elements located in front of the explosive charge, a head or bottom remote (trajectory) fuse, and a durable head cap providing penetrating high-explosive projectile action. When trajectory blasting, the presence of a massive head cap sharply worsens the effect of the axial flow, therefore, measures are taken to shoot it (patent RU 2237231 C1, 09/27/2004) or destruction (patent RU 2309372 C1, 06/20/2007). The latter is adopted as a prototype of the present invention.

The prototype contains a housing with an explosive charge located in it, a fragmentation block in its front part, and a trajectory-contact type head fuse located in the head cover. The head cap contains an explosive liquidator charge, made in the form of a layer of explosive placed on the inner surface of the cap, and an insert diaphragm is installed between the shell body and the cap. Along the axis of the casing is a central tube passing through the fragmentation block and ending in a bottom detonator located in the main explosive charge.

The reliability of the action of such a projectile on the target can be reduced due to the possibility of destruction of the block of ready-made striking elements during the explosion of a charge-liquidator, due to the lack of isolation of the fragmentation block from the charge-liquidator with a significant mass of this charge, and also due to an insufficiently reliable scheme for initiating the main explosive charge substances using a cumulative jet formed during the collapse of the inner lining of the charge-liquidator.

The objective of the invention is to increase the reliability of the action on the target fragmentation-beam projectile and giving it multifunctional properties.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the projectile, comprising a shell with an explosive charge located in it and a fragmentation unit in the front, a head cap with a trajectory-contact type head fuse and a liquidator charge placed in it, a central tube passing through the fragmentation the block and ending in the bottom detonator, the charge-liquidator is installed along the axis of the head cap, is equipped with wedge-shaped cumulative recesses located along its generators, and is made in the form of a conical or animated body, p expanding in the direction from the head to the bottom of the projectile, the body is made with a continuous front bottom, behind which is placed a fragmentation block made of ready-made striking elements, the shape of which allows them to be stacked tightly in the block.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows: a) a longitudinal section of the projectile; b) the cross section of the head of the shell in the initial state; c) the cross section of the head of the projectile after the destruction of the destroyer, where:

1 - housing;

2 - a solid front bottom;

3 - back screw bottom;

4 - stabilizer;

5 - the main explosive charge;

6 - fragmentation block;

7 - bottom fuse;

8 - head cap;

9 - head fuse;

10 - charge-liquidator;

11 - receiver;

12 - head contact node;

13 - a central tube with an electrical conductor;

14 - profiled shell;

15 - wedge-shaped cumulative recess;

16 - destructive charge of an explosive.

The general scheme of the projectile for a smoothbore tank gun is shown in the drawing, a. The projectile contains a housing 1, with a continuous front bottom 2 and a rear screw bottom 3, to which a stabilizer 4 is attached. The rear part of the housing is filled with the main explosive charge 5, and the front with a fragmentation unit 6. The main explosive charge 5 is at the border with the fragmentation unit 6, a bottom fuse 7 is installed. The body is threaded to a head cap 8, in front of which a head fuse 9 of trajectory-contact type is installed, and a charge-liquidator 10 is installed along the axis of the internal cavity.

The fragmentation block 6 is made of ready-made striking elements, the shape of which ensures their tight packing in the block. Finished damaging elements are made of steel or heavy alloys based on tungsten or tantalum. In the diagram, they are conventionally shown in the form of balls.

The head fuse 9 is equipped with a receiver 11, for introducing installations for various projectile actions and a head contact assembly 12, and also includes a trajectory blasting unit, a contact blasting unit and a detonator for triggering a charge-liquidator 10. The trajectory blasting unit can be made using a temporary, non-contact or command scheme. The contact blasting unit is configured to set the action of the main explosive charge 5 to instant, inertial and delayed operation. The bottom fuse 7 includes a direct transmission channel, a moderator, a safety mechanism that eliminates the detonation of a projectile in the barrel channel, and a detonator for detonating the main explosive charge 5.

The head 9 and bottom 7 fuses are connected by an electrical conductor 13.

The liquidator charge 10 is designed as an elongated body, expanding in the direction from the head to the bottom of the projectile, while the gap between it and the inner surface of the head cap 8 is constant. The cross section of the head cap 8 and the charge-liquidator 10 is shown in the drawing, b. The liquidator charge 10 is made in the form of a thin-walled shaped shell 14 with wedge-shaped cumulative recesses 15, equipped with a destructive charge of explosive 16.

The calculations substantiate the following values of the parameters of the fragmentation-beam projectile "Torzhok":

the number of wedge-shaped cumulative recesses 15 is 3-8 pieces;

the angle β at the top of the wedge-shaped cumulative recess 15 of the recess is 40-60 °;

the ratio of the thin-walled shaped shell 14 of the charge-liquidator 10 to its average described cross-sectional diameter is 0.02-0.03;

the ratio of the described diameter of the cross section of the charge-liquidator 10 d _p to the inner diameter of the head cap 8 d _a is 0.4-0.6;

the thickness of the solid front bottom 2 of the housing 1 is determined by the inequality:

where t is the thickness of the continuous front bottom of the shell, mm; C is the TNT equivalent of the mass of the destructive charge of the explosive 16, g; Λ - the gap between the solid front bottom 2 of the housing 1 and the rear end of the charge-liquidator 10, mm

The action of the projectile is realized with a trajectory or contact ground detonation.

Trajectory detonation is ensured by the installation in the receiver 11 of the flight time of the projectile before the explosion, and can also be carried out using a non-contact or command method of detonation. When trajectory detonation of the projectile, depending on the installation on the slow or direct action of the bottom fuse 7, introduced before firing into the receiver 11, has the following types of actions:

on approaching the target with the preliminary destruction of the head cover 8 and hitting the target with an axial flow of ready-to-use striking elements;

above the target with the defeat of the target in a circular field of fragments of natural fragmentation of the housing 1.

To realize a trajectory detonation of a projectile on approaching a target, a receiver for slowing down the bottom fuse 7 is introduced into the receiver 11 before firing. At an anticipated point on the trajectory, the head fuse 9, using the trajectory detonator and detonator, gives a command to operate the destructive charge of the explosive 16. When the charge explodes -liquidator 10 wedge-shaped cumulative recesses deposited on its profiled shell 14 form the so-called cumulative “knives” that cut the body of the head cap 8 in a shape them (see. the drawing, c). Further radial movement of the parts of the head cap 8 occurs under the influence of detonation products of the destructive charge of the explosive 16. The impact resistance of these products on the continuous front bottom 2 of the housing 1 is provided by the distance Λ, the choice of its profile, thickness and material.

At the moment of explosion of the charge-liquidator 10, an impulse is applied through the electrical conductor 13 to the moderator of the bottom fuse 7, after which the detonator of the main charge of the explosive 5 is triggered. When the main charge of the explosive 5 explodes, the fragmentation unit 6 is thrown forward with the solid front bottom 2 of the case 1 being cut off The response time of the moderator is calculated so that by the time the fragmentation unit 6 approaches the area of the head cover 8, its divided parts are diverged in sufficient radial directions ie the distance and do not impede the free movement of finished submunitions.

When trajectory detonation over the target, the direct transmission channel of the bottom fuse 7 is triggered. The explosion of the liquidator charge 10 occurs simultaneously with the detonation of the main explosive charge 5.

With contact ground detonation of the projectile, depending on the installation introduced before firing into the receiver 11, fragmentation, high-explosive or penetrating high-explosive action can be implemented. With all installations on the contact action of the charge-liquidator 10 is not undermined.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the reliability of the target-fragmentation projectile and give it multifunctional properties for use in the ammunition of modern tanks.

Information sources

1. Patent RU 2237231 C1, 09/27/2004.

2. Patent RU 2309372 C1, 06/20/2007. Prototype.

3. Ladov S.V., Kobylkin I.F. The use of cumulative charges in explosive technologies. - M: Publishing House of MSTU named after Bauman, 1995.

4. Attetkov A.V. Explosion metal cutting. - M .: Publishing house SITP RIA, 2000.

Claims (1)

A fragmentation-beam projectile containing a body with an explosive charge in its rear part and a fragmentation block in its front part, a head cap with a trajectory-contact type head fuse and a liquidator charge, a central tube passing through the fragmentation unit, while the fragmentation unit is made of ready-made damaging elements, the shape of which ensures their tight packing in the block, characterized in that the charge-liquidator is installed in the inner cavity of the head cap along its axis, made in the form of elongated bodies conical or animated shape, expanding towards the bottom of the projectile, and equipped with wedge-shaped cumulative recesses located along its generators, while the body is made with a front bottom, behind which a fragmentation block is placed, and the projectile is equipped with a bottom fuse with a detonator, in which the aforementioned central a tube.