RU2344092C2 - Water treatment method and plant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry, water purification.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to water treatment and can be used for tap water purification and activation in food industry, medicine, for sea water conversion, etc. Water treatment method is implemented in closed operating capacity and includes heat rejection enabling water local bulk crystallisation by ice crystals silvering in amount 50÷70 % of initial water weight surrounding heat exchanger, contaminated water drain through the port in capacity bottom and through the channel 0.5÷2 cm above capacity bottom, and removal of frost accumulation. Level of operating capacity filling with initial water is determined by height of channel port draining surplus initial water resulted from operating capacity filling and during initial water crystallisation due to its volume increase to additional capacity. Frost accumulation is removed by heating the ten shaped by multistage coil pipe and mounted in working capacity to surround heat exchanger directly in ice zone. During removal of frost accumulation, melt water is exposed to electrochemical activation carried out in special electrochemical activation tank separated with diaphragm to anode and cathode chambers. Herewith cathode chamber is pipeline connected to working capacity.

EFFECT: water purification from dissolved cancerogens, mutagens and gases, heavy hydrogen isotope, deuterium and tritium.

2 cl, 1 dwg, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to methods for water purification, improving its biological properties, as well as to devices for implementing the above methods.

A known method of water purification, including heat removal using a heat exchanger located in the upper part of the tank to ensure the process of local volumetric crystallization of water by freezing in an amount of 50-70% by weight of the source water around the heat exchanger, removing unfrozen water from the tank with impurities through an opening in the bottom of the tank and through the channel located above the bottom of the tank, thawing ice by heating a shielded cable wound on the side of the tank and draining the melt water for its consumption [1].

This method does not provide drainage of the upper layers of water during crystallization, which contain volatile carcinogens, as well as heavy hydrogen isotopes, melting ice by heating the outer surface of the tank is uneconomical in terms of thermal conductivity and the defrost cycle, in addition, the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) obtained water, studies have shown, ranges from +70 to +120 mV, which does not correspond to the internal environment of the human body.

To implement the known method, an apparatus is used consisting of a tank for filling untreated water, a heat exchanger installed in it for removing heat and freezing ice, made in the form of a multi-stage coil. located in the upper part of the tank, a shielded heating cable that provides heating of the outer surface of the tank, a freezing unit with its cooling system, a pipeline with a valve for draining water [1].

The disadvantages of the known method and installation is that they do not fully ensure the high quality of the resulting water.

The aim of the invention is the creation of a method and installation, providing increased efficiency of the process and the quality of water with protective reducing properties and biological compatibility.

This is achieved by purifying the water from impurities in such a way that the filling level of the working tank with the source water is determined by the height of the channel opening, which ensures the excess of the source water is drained into the additional tank both during filling of the working tank and during crystallization of the source water by increasing it volume, ice defrosting is carried out by heating the ten installed inside the working tank around the heat exchanger directly in the ice zone, melt water during ice defrosting an electrochemical activation is triggered, including melt water being directed into a special container for electrochemical activation, separated by a diaphragm into the anode and cathode chambers, the cathode chamber being connected by a pipe to the working capacitance, into which hydrogen ions enter, causing the reduction electron donor activity, which provides the change and fixation of the redox potential up to -200 mV and more.

At the same time, the installation is equipped with an additional tank and a special tank for electrochemical activation, interconnected by a piping system, a constantly open pipeline connecting the working tank with an additional tank to drain excess water during pouring and during crystallization with increasing volume and increasing its level, pipelines, equipped with electromagnetic valves, for draining water with impurities after the crystallization process is completed in an additional tank and for filling melt water a special container for electrochemical activation and subsequent partial drainage of water from the anode chamber, an electric heating ten, made in the form of a multi-stage coil located in a spiral around the heat exchanger and below it in height, with temperature sensors and a microprocessor, and a tank for electrochemical activation, containing the anode and cathode, divided by a permeable diaphragm into two cameras.

The drawing shows the proposed installation. It contains a working tank 1, in which a heat exchanger 2 and an electric heating ten 3 are placed, an additional tank 4 is located below the working tank 1 and a special tank 7, which are interconnected by pipelines 5 and 6 and pipelines with water overlapping by electromagnetic valves 17 and 19, a freezing unit 8 with its cooling system 9, power supply unit 10, valves 11 and 12, temperature sensor 13, microprocessor 14, pipeline for draining melt water 15, filter 16, diaphragm 18.

Example

The working tank 1 is filled with source water to a level determined by the pipeline 5. The valves 11 and 12, as well as the electromagnetic valves 17 and 19 are closed. The control unit 14 gives a command to turn on the freezing unit 8 with its cooling system 9. Over a period of 0.5-2 hours, depending on the initial temperature of the water and the capacity of the unit, the water temperature in the working tank 1 is equalized and reaches a value of 1 ÷ (-1 ) ° С, which corresponds to the onset of crystallization and the transition of water in the heat exchanger zone to a crystalline state. There is a slow accumulation of ice. As a result, the water level in the working vessel rises, the excess of which with light, volatile carcinogenic fractions of water floating on the surface of the water and the isotopes of hydrogen converted into crystalline form - deuterium and tritium, gradually merge through line 5 into an additional tank 4. After 2 ÷ 3 hours, the process crystallization stops, providing approximately 50 ÷ 70% of the ice. A command is issued to open the solenoid valves 17 and 19, providing drainage of water with impurities. After draining the water with impurities, the electromagnetic valves 17 and 19 are closed and the electric heating ten 3 is turned on, which ensures the process of slow ice melting. At this time, a special container 7 is filled with melt water, divided by a diaphragm 18 into two chambers: anode and cathode. The process of electrochemical activation of melt water in a special tank 7, which is connected by a pipe 6 with the cathode chamber and the bottom of the working tank, begins. Activation products in the cathode chamber in the form of small bubbles of hydrogen ions pass through a pipeline 6 into a working vessel 1, enriching them with melt water. Electron-donor restorative activity, providing a positive change and fixation of redox potential, continues throughout the entire process of ice melting. After the end of the melting process, the ice is turned off, and the electrochemical activation process continues for another 0.5 ÷ 1 hour. As a result, we get crystal clear melt water with an ORP of -200 mV or more. The plant’s operation cycle of 7–8 hours provides 10 liters of melt water, which has protective regenerative properties and biocompatibility.

Thus, the proposed method and installation for its implementation allows to increase the efficiency of the process of obtaining light melt water to a minimum, reduces the content of carcinogenic and mutagenic substances and gases, heavy hydrogen isotopes (deuterium and tritium) in it, gives it a new quality with protective reducing properties and biocompatibility.

Literature

1. RF patent No. 2274607. The method of water purification and installation for its implementation. / E.N. Vysotsky, D.E. Vysotsky, I.E. Vysotsky. - Publ. 04/20/2006, bull. No. 11.

Claims (2)

1. A method of purifying water in a closed tank, including heat removal using a heat exchanger located in the upper part of the tank to ensure the process of local volumetric crystallization of water by freezing ice crystals in an amount of 50–70% by weight of the source water around the heat exchanger, draining the water with impurities through an opening in the bottom of the tank and through a channel located 0.5 ÷ 2 cm above the bottom of the tank, thawing ice by heating a shielded cable, characterized in that the level of filling of the working tank with the source water is determined is the height of the channel opening, which ensures the discharge of excess source water into an additional container both when filling the working tank and during crystallization of the source water by increasing its volume, the ice is thawed by heating a heater installed inside the working tank around the heat exchanger directly in the ice zone, melt water in the process of ice defrosting is subjected to electrochemical activation, including the direction of melt water in a special container for electrochemical activation, divided w diaphragm into anode and cathode compartments, wherein a cathode chamber connected with the working capacity of the pipeline into which hydrogen ions are transferred, causing the reduction electron-donating activity, and providing a change of fixation of the redox potential to -200 mV or more. 2. Installation for cleaning and activating water, containing a working tank with source water, a heat exchanger installed in it for heat removal and ice freezing, made in the form of a multi-stage coil located in the upper part of the working tank, heating means made of a shielded cable, providing heating the surface of the working tank, a freezing unit with a cooling system, a pipeline with a valve for draining water with impurities and a pipe with a valve for draining melt water, characterized in that it It is filled with an additional tank and a special tank for electrochemical activation, interconnected by a piping system, a constantly open pipeline connecting the working tank with an additional tank to drain excess water during filling and during crystallization with increasing volume and increasing its level, pipelines equipped with electromagnetic valves , for draining water with impurities after the end of the crystallization process in an additional tank and for filling melt water with a special tank ty for electrochemical activation and subsequent partial drainage of water from the anode chamber, an electric heating ten, made in the form of a multi-stage coil located in a spiral around the heat exchanger and below it in height, thermal sensors and a microprocessor, and the capacitance for electrochemical activation, containing the anode and cathode, is divided by permeable aperture on two cameras.