RU2339895C1 - Mine layer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: armament.

SUBSTANCE: transport-launching containers represent faceted casings with a cover and are mounted on the platform support-rotating devices so that to vary their vertical position. Every aforesaid container comprises a mechanism to change the container from the transport position into the combat one and to lock it in the preset combat position. For protection purposes, the aforesaid container is made from armored steel sheet with an anti-bullet protection, its cover being furnished with the "napalm"-type anti-combustible protection.

EFFECT: reduced minelayer vulnerability in combat conditions increased allowance of ammunition, mine loading mechanisation, wider mine fields and increased protection of allowance of mines.

7 cl, 13 dwg

Description

The invention relates to defense equipment, namely to land-based mobile systems for remote mining, and can be used to install anti-tank, anti-personnel or mixed type minefields.

A known system for installing mines "SKORPION" (G. Schäfer "SKORPION - ein modemes Minen - Verlegesystem des Heeres", "Wehrtechnik", 1985, No. 9, s. 54-57), containing a tracked chassis, on the body of which is made frame platforms inclined towards the sides. Three supports with rails are made at each site, on each of which a rotary housing (slewing ring) is mounted with a transport-launch container fixed at an angle for placement and throwing of mines, and a control system for setting mines. The rotary support device is equipped with a drive and can occupy three fixed positions on an inclined platform of the chassis frame (due to the possibility of moving them in curved guides made on inclined platforms), which ensures the possibility of vertical position adjustment within small limits of the transport launch container. When loading, all containers have the ability to extend beyond the lateral dimension of the mine layer. Mines in containers are located in special cassettes that serve as guides when they are fired in the process of setting. Mines are fired due to the charge of low power when an electrical signal is supplied to the capsule.

The disadvantages of the SKORPION mine installation system include the following. The installation of transport and launch containers on inclined side platforms with a constant angle (the angle at which they are mounted on slewing-rotary devices) leads to an increase in the vertical dimension of the mine layer during transportation. An increase in height overall increases the silhouette of the installation, which increases the likelihood of its detection by reconnaissance means and, consequently, vulnerability to enemy fire. In addition, transport and launch containers do not have sufficient mine ammunition protection against penetration of burning napalm type incendiary substances and the impact of high-explosive fragmentation fragments.

The well-known universal mine loader UMZ (Universal mine loader. Technical description and operating instructions. M: Military Publishing House of the USSR Ministry of Defense, 1989, p.15-23) containing a self-propelled chassis (ZIL-131 onboard vehicle), a horizontal cargo platform with a frame structures, transport and launch containers mounted on slewing devices of the loading platform, and setting control system min.

Transport and launch container is designed for placement and transportation of cartridges with mines, as well as for firing mines from cartridges in predetermined directions and is a faceted housing. Inside the case on the bottom there are contact sockets (seats) for installing mine cassettes and for supplying an electrical impulse to the cartridge cartridge sleeve. In the upper part of the body, a horizontal plate (partition) is fixedly fixed (welded) with holes whose diameter is equal to the diameter of the installed mine cassettes, intended for their fixation. All holes are numbered. Near one of the openings, a rectangular cutout is made, closed by a lid, which during installation is used to insert contact sockets into the container.

There is no vertical guidance drive for transport launch containers. The container on the slewing ring is placed with a fixed installation angle in a vertical plane. Horizontal guidance drive - manual.

The direction of throwing mines by each container is set manually by turning the slewing ring. Throwing direction change - stepwise. The control of the sequence of throwing mines in motion is performed from the remote control in the car cabin.

Known mine layer has the following disadvantages:

- the installation of transport and launch containers on the cargo platform of the chassis with a given constant angle of deviation from the vertical leads to an increase in the size of the mine layer in height in the transport position;

- in addition, the predetermined angle of the launch vehicles does not allow the throwing angle to be changed during mining, thereby providing a limited range of minefield formation;

- lack of the necessary level of protection for launch vehicles and the mine’s ammunition inside it under conditions of enemy fire and environmental influences;

- the inability to remotely control the position of the container during mining in the horizontal plane due to the fact that the installation of the container at a given angle of mining horizontally is carried out manually;

- the long time required to reload the ammunition min.

The problem solved by the invention is to create a mine layer with increased efficiency.

The technical result achieved by the invention is to reduce the vulnerability of a mine layer during the fighting position of containers by reducing its vertical dimension and enhancing the protection of transport launch containers, by expanding the range of formation of a mine field, by reducing the time for reloading munitions and by controlling the commander position of transport and launch containers, without leaving the workplace.

The problem is solved by the fact that in the mine loader containing a self-propelled chassis with a cargo platform, transport and launch containers for placing and throwing mines mounted on the support and rotary devices of the platform, made in the form of faceted enclosures, inside of which on the bottom there are seats for installation mine cartridges, and in the upper part there is a partition with holes for fixing mine cartridges, and a mining control system, according to the invention, each transport and launch container is mounted on a cargo the platform vertically, contains a pallet on which the container body is hinged, and is equipped with a mechanism for lifting the case from the transport position to the working one by turning it in a hinge; a traction hydraulic cylinder mounted on vertical racks of the shell of the pallet and connected to one side through a hydraulic hinge is used as an executive working body of the lifting mechanism providing the supply of working fluid to the hydraulic cylinder, with a pallet shell, the other side - with the container body, while ensuring articulated soy The hinge support is made of the container body with the pallet on the vertical racks of the pallet shell, and the hinge axes are installed in bushings placed on the outer faces in the upper part of the case, the case is provided with a cover, the partition for fixing mine cartridges is removable, and in the cavity of the pallet between the bottom case and the bottom of the pallet placed a pair of compensating hydraulic cylinders with an individual hydraulic hinge each, providing a rigid hold of the body of the transport and launch container in the working position.

In this case, the best result is achieved if:

- the case of the transport and launch container and the pallet are made of armor steel with a bulletproof level of protection, and the lid of the case is with a level of protection against exposure to combustible mixtures, such as napalm;

- a cylindrical hole is made in the transport-launch container in the central part of the bottom of the pallet, in which a rotating hydraulic device for supplying the working fluid from the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic hinges of the traction and compensation hydraulic cylinders is located;

- the aforementioned vertical racks of the pallet are interconnected, for example in the area of the shell of the pallet, with the formation of a power bracket;

- traction hydraulic cylinder is closed by a casing with a bulletproof level of protection;

- the case of the transport and launch container is made with the possibility of conversion for the installation of modules with mine cartridges;

- on the inner walls of the housing of the transport and launch container, additional seats are made for installing a horizontal partition to fix the modules with mine cartridges, while the holes on the said partition are made in a shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the module, for example, a rectangular shape, and the bottom of the housing is made with the possibility re-equipment for installation of modules with mine cartridges.

An analysis of the hallmarks showed the following:

- the installation of each transport and launch container on the cargo platform vertically ensures a decrease in the height of the mine layer in the transport position;

- the presence of a mechanism for lifting the hull of the transport-launch container from the transport position to the working one allows you to change the throwing angle during mining, thereby expanding the range of formation of the minefield, and ensures the return of the container to its original vertical position;

- the presence of a pallet in the container design allows the hinged installation of the container body on the rotary support device of the cargo platform with the ability to change the position of the container vertically using a lifting mechanism by turning in the hinge;

- the use of the traction hydraulic cylinder as an executive working body of the lifting mechanism, its installation on vertical racks of the pallet shell in such a way that it is connected on one side through a hydraulic hinge that provides the supply of working fluid to it, with the pallet shell, and the other side with the container body, allows the commander to control the vertical position of the container using the hydraulic system without leaving the workplace;

- execution on vertical racks of the shell of the pallet of the hinge support and the installation of the hinge axes in the bushings located on the outer faces in the upper part of the housing, allows the hinged connection of the container body with the pallet to change the vertical position of the container;

- the implementation of the hull of the transport and launch container with a lid ensures its tightness and protects the ammunition mine from penetration of burning incendiary substances such as napalm. In addition, the presence of a lid prevents rain, snow, dust, etc. from entering the container, which contributes to the preservation by the mine layer of its functions regardless of the influence of the environment;

- the implementation of the partition for fixing removable mine cassettes simplifies and speeds up the process of inserting contact jacks (seats for installing mine cassettes) into containers during installation and repair;

- the placement in the cavity of the pallet between the bottom of the body and the bottom of the pallet of a pair of compensating hydraulic cylinders with an individual hydraulic hinge each provides rigid retention of the body of the launch vehicle in any set operating position when throwing mines;

- the implementation of the housing of the transport and launch container with the possibility of conversion for installation of modules with mine cartridges will reduce the time for reloading the container with ammunition min.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

- figure 1 - mine layer in the transport position, side view;

- figure 2 - mine layer, top view;

- figure 3 is a transport and launch container placed on the support and rotary device of the cargo platform, in the working position;

- figure 4 is a transport and launch container, view a in figure 3;

- figure 5 - installation of the transport and launch container on the slewing ring, section BB in figure 3;

- figure 6 is a lifting mechanism of the body of the launch vehicle;

- in Fig.7 is a pallet of the transport and launch container with compensating hydraulic cylinders located therein, view B in Fig.6;

- on Fig - traction hydraulic cylinder of the lifting mechanism without a protective casing, view G in Fig.6;

- figure 9 is a section DD in Fig;

- figure 10 - transport and launch container with installed mine cassettes, top view;

- figure 11 is a transport and launch container, equipped for the installation of mine cartridges;

- Fig.12 - transport and launch container with modules of mine cassettes;

- in Fig.13 - transport and launch container, converted for installation of modules of mine cassettes, top view.

The mine layer contains a self-propelled chassis 1 (FIGS. 1 and 2), for example, tracked, with a loading platform 2 and transport and launch containers 3 for placing and throwing anti-tank or anti-personnel mines. Each transport and launch container 3 is mounted on a slewing ring 4 with the possibility of a turn on a cargo platform 2 and with the possibility of changing the angle of elevation. On the platform 2, for example, three longitudinal rows of slewing devices 4 with transport and launch containers 3 can be formed.

The rotary support device 4 (FIGS. 3 and 4) provides a turn of the transport and launch container 3 at a given angle horizontally. Each rotary support device 4 comprises a fixed support 5, by means of which it is fixed on the loading platform 2, a rotary support 6 (figure 5) with an actuator 7 (figure 2) of rotation and a seat 8, which serves to secure the transport and launch container 3. As the drive 9 (figure 2) for rotation of the rotary support 6 can be used an electric motor or a hydraulic motor mounted on a cargo platform 2. In each longitudinal row of slewing-rotary devices must be installed at least one motor.

The transport and launch container 3 is intended for placement and fastening of mine cartridges or modules of mine cartridges in a position that provides a reliable supply of electric current to the cartridge caps (not shown in Fig.) Of cartridges, as well as for throwing mines from cartridges in a given direction.

The transport and launch container 3 is an octagonal box-shaped case 10 (FIG. 4) with a lid 11 pivotally mounted on a pallet 12 located on the seat 8 of the slewing ring 4.

Each transport and launch container 3 is equipped with a mechanism for lifting the housing 10 from the transport position to the working one, with the possibility of lifting it by an angle α of throwing min. The value of the throwing angle α provides a distance from the mine layer to the place where the missile is thrown. As the executive working body of the lifting mechanism used traction hydraulic cylinder 13 (6), mounted on vertical racks 14 of the shell 15 of the pallet 12. In the design, under the shell 15 of the pallet 12 is understood the totality of the side vertical walls forming in the pallet 12 together with its bottom 16 a cavity "but". Vertical racks 14 are interconnected, for example in the area of the shell 15 of the pallet, with the formation of a power bracket. The hydraulic cylinder 13 is connected on one side through a hydraulic hinge 17 with the shell 15 of the pallet, the other side - with the body 10 of the container. The hydraulic hinge 16 provides a supply of working fluid to the hydraulic cylinder 13.

The hinged installation of the container body 10 on the pallet 12 provides the ability to change the vertical position of the container using the lifting mechanism by turning in the hinge.

The swivel connection of the housing 10 with the pallet 12 is organized as follows. On the uprights 14 of the shell 15 of the pallet, a detachable hinge support 18 is made. The hinge axis 19 is installed in the bushings 20 (Fig.13), placed on the outer faces in the upper part of the container body 10.

In the cavity of the pallet 12, between the bottom of the container body 10 and the bottom 16 of the pallet 12, a pair of compensating hydraulic cylinders 21, 22 (Fig. 7) with an individual hydraulic hinge 23, 24 are placed. Hydraulic cylinders 21 and 22 provide rigid retention of the housing 10 of the transport and launch container 3 in a predetermined operating position.

In the central part of the bottom 16 of the pallet 12, a cylindrical hole "o" is made, in which a rotating hydraulic device 25 for supplying the working fluid from the hydraulic pump 26 (Fig. 1) is placed through the valve 27 to the hydraulic joint 17 of the traction hydraulic cylinder 13 and through the hydraulic distributor 28 to the hydraulic joints 23, 24 compensation hydraulic cylinders 21, 22.

Mentioned hydraulic cylinder 13 consists of a housing 29 (Fig. 8), a rod 30 with a piston 31 installed in the housing 29 with the formation of a piston “b” and a rod “c” of the cavities.

Each compensating hydraulic cylinder 21 and 22 also contains a housing 32 (Fig.6), a rod 33 with a piston 34 and has working cavities - a piston cavity "e" and a rod cavity "e".

To monitor the vertical position of the container on a vertical rack 14, sensors 35 and 36 are installed (Figs. 8, 9), respectively, of the lower and extreme upper positions, and adjustable stops 37 are made on the container body 10.

To monitor the position of the container horizontally on the slewing ring 4 mounted sensor 38 (Fig.3) rotation.

In the upper part of the container body 10, on its inner walls, seats 39 are made (FIGS. 10, 11) for fixing removable horizontal partitions 40 for fixing cylindrical mine cartridges 41. The partition 40 is made with cylindrical openings “k”. On the bottom 42 of the housing 10 mounted interchangeable sockets-contacts 43 and rack stoppers 44. Socket-contact 43 serves as a support for the cassette 41 and provides an electrical impulse to the electrocapsule sleeve of the cassette. Racks with stoppers 44 of the mine cassettes 41 are designed to provide stiffness of the container, as well as for mounting the cassettes 41 themselves in the contact slots 43.

An embodiment of the transport-launch container is possible when, in addition to mine cassettes 41, modules 45 (Figs. 12, 13) of mine cassettes can be placed in the casing. In this case, the bottom 42 of the container body 10 is adapted for conversion to install modules 45 with mine cartridges, and on the inner walls of the body 10 there are additional seats 46 for installing a horizontal partition 47 for fixing modules 45 with mine cartridges. The holes "l" on the partition 47 are made in the form of a cross section of the module, for example, a rectangular shape. At the same time, holes for mounting and fixing mine cassettes 41 are made on the bottom 42 (landing holes "m" for installing removable socket contacts 43 of mine cassettes 41, holes "n" for mounting removable socket contacts 43, holes "p" - for installing racks with stops of 44 mine cassettes 41) and holes for installing and securing modules of 45 mine cassettes (holes “p” - for installing landing brackets (not shown) of modules 45, holes “c” - for connecting a pin connector of modules 45 mine cartridges), and also dividers 48 and n are welded guides 49 for modules of 45 mine cartridges.

The container body 10 and the pallet 12 are made of armored steel with a bulletproof level of protection, and the cover 11 is with a level of protection against exposure to combustible mixtures of the napalm type. The traction hydraulic cylinder 13 is closed by a casing 50 with a bulletproof level of protection.

Management of mining is carried out from the control panel 51, located in the cab 52 of the self-propelled chassis 1.

Work

Before installing the minefield, min ammunition is charged.

Depending on the options used cartridges 41 or modules 45 mine cartridges installation of ammunition mines in the transport and launch container is as follows.

To install 3 min cassettes 41 from the housing 10 in the transport and launch container, remove the cover 11. On the bottom of the housing 42, the socket holes 43 are installed in the holes “m”, which are bolted into the holes “n” and connected to the power cables (in Fig. Not shown). Then, racks with stoppers 44 are installed in the holes “p”, and a removable partition 40 with cylindrical holes “k” is installed on the seats 39 by means of bolted connections. The mine cassettes 41 are installed in the openings “k” and pressed by the stoppers 44. Three mine cassettes 41 are simultaneously attached to each stop 44.

To install 3 modules of 45 mine cartridges in the transport and launch container, first also remove the cover 11. On the bottom 42, which is capable of installing both mine cartridges and modules with mine cartridges, landing brackets 49 are inserted into the holes “p” along the guides 49 modules 45 mine cartridges, which are located between the separators 48 and connected through the holes "c" to the pin connectors, and on the seats 46 by means of bolted connections install a removable partition 47 with rectangular holes "l", which clamp modules 45 is mined cassettes to the bottom 42, with ejection min through rectangular holes "L".

Before installing the minefield, the commander from the console 51 issues commands to the executive and working bodies of the turning mechanisms of the transport launch containers 3 horizontally and the lifting mechanisms of the containers to the corresponding throwing angle. In this case, the working fluid of the hydraulic pump 26 through the pipelines and distributors of the hydraulic system (not shown in Fig.) Is supplied to the actuators 9, which, by means of actuators 7, rotate the rotary support 6 relative to the fixed support 5 of the rotary support device 4 and install transport-rotary containers 3 in preset horizontal position, providing a preset value of the angle of rotation.

The lifting mechanism of the body of the transport and launch container operates as follows.

The working fluid through a rotating hydraulic device 25 enters the control valve 27 of the hydraulic hinge 17 of the traction hydraulic cylinder 13 and to the control valve 28 of the hydraulic hinges 23, 24 of the compensation hydraulic cylinders 21, 22.

In the initial position (transport position, in which the container body 10 is placed vertically on the pallet 12), the solenoid valves 27 and 28 are disconnected. In this case, the rod “c” and piston “b” of the cavity of the traction hydraulic cylinder 13 are locked. The piston cavities “d” of the hydraulic cylinders 21, 22 are also locked. Moreover, the possibility of moving the pistons 34 of the compensation hydraulic cylinders 21, 22 towards the retraction of the rods 33 is excluded.

When the electromagnet of the control valve 27 is turned on to carry out the lifting of the container body 10, the working fluid is supplied through the hydraulic hinge 17 to the rod cavity “c” of the traction hydraulic hinge 13. The piston 31 moves downward, dragging the stem 30, which rotates the container body 10 to a predetermined position (at the throwing angle α).

Simultaneously with the activation of the solenoid valve 27, the solenoid valve 28 is turned on. The rod “e” and piston “e” cavities of each compensation hydraulic cylinder 21, 22 are connected to each other and to the drain line, which ensures unhindered lifting or lowering of the container body 10.

After installing the container body 10 at a predetermined throwing angle α, the solenoid valve 27 is turned off, and the raising or lowering of the body 10 is stopped.

At the same time, the electromagnet of the hydraulic distributor 28 is turned off, the piston cavities “d” of the compensation hydraulic cylinders 21, 22 are locked and these hydraulic cylinders work as a hard stop, which excludes the possibility of spontaneous or lowering of the container body 10.

To perform the lowering of the container body 10, the inclusion of the electromagnets of the control valves 27 and 28 occurs in the same way as when lifting the body. When this working fluid is supplied into the piston cavity "b", the piston 31 moves up, and the rod 30 of the hydraulic cylinder 13, rising up, lowers the container body 10 by turning in a hinge around the axis 19.

The housing 10 is stopped at its highest or lowest position when the corresponding sensors 30, 31 are turned on at the end of the stroke.

Upon completion of the turn of the transport launch containers over horizon 3 and its installation at a predetermined throwing angle α, min is shot. Mines, like the prototype, are fired by low-power charges.

Thus, the claimed invention reduces the vulnerability of a mine layer in a fighting position, allows the commander to control mining without leaving the workplace, contributes to the possibility of expanding the range of formation of the mine field, which generally increases the effectiveness of the mine layer.

Claims (7)

1. Mines, containing a self-propelled chassis with a cargo platform, transport and launch containers for placing and throwing mines installed on the turntable platform, made in the form of faceted buildings, inside which are placed on the bottom of the seats for the installation of mine cartridges, and in the upper part - a partition with holes for fixing mine cassettes, and a mining control system, characterized in that each transport and launch container is installed vertically on the cargo platform, contains n, on which the container body is hinged, and is equipped with a mechanism for lifting the case from the transport position to the working one by turning in the hinge, a traction hydraulic cylinder mounted on vertical racks of the shell of the pallet and connected on one side through a hydraulic hinge providing a supply of working liquid to the hydraulic cylinder, with the shell of the pallet, and the other side with the container body, while ensuring the articulation of the container body with the pallet the hinge support is made on the vertical racks of the pallet shell, and the hinge axes are installed in bushings located on the outer faces in the upper part of the housing, the housing is provided with a cover, and the partition for fixing mine cassettes is removable, while in the cavity of the pallet between the bottom of the housing and the bottom of the pallet contains a pair of compensating hydraulic cylinders, each with an individual hydraulic hinge, providing a rigid hold of the transport-launch container body in working position. 2. The mine layer according to claim 1, characterized in that the body of the transport and launch container and the pallet are made of armored steel with a bulletproof level of protection, and the lid of the body with a level of protection against exposure to combustible mixtures of the napalm type. 3. The mine layer according to claim 1, characterized in that a cylindrical hole is made in the transport and launch container in the central part of the bottom of the pallet, in which a rotating hydraulic device for transmitting the working fluid from the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic hinges of the traction and compensation hydraulic cylinders is placed. 4. The mine trap according to claim 1, characterized in that the said vertical racks of the pallet are interconnected, for example, in the zone of the shell of the pallet, with the formation of a power bracket. 5. The mine layer according to claim 1, characterized in that the traction hydraulic cylinder is closed by a casing with a bulletproof level of protection. 6. The mine layer according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing of the transport and launch container is made with the possibility of conversion for installation of modules with mine cartridges. 7. The mine trap according to claim 6, characterized in that on the inner walls of the transport launch container body there are additional seats for installing a horizontal partition to fix the modules with mine cartridges, while the holes on this partition are made in a shape corresponding to the shape of the cross section a module, for example, a rectangular shape, and the bottom of the hull is configured to be converted to install modules with mine cassettes.

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