RU2336389C2 - Method for erection of revetment walls of gabions - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: method for erection of revetment walls of gabions includes creation and laying of gabions in the form of steps along river bank. Gabions are placed in laced reinforcing framings which are preliminary prepared as prefabricated structures to the dimensions of step sections. At first reinforcing framings sections of the first step are mounted and inside them gabions are erected. Along base and sides of framings gabion nets are strained while attaching them to lacings rods. Internal part of each section is tightly filled with stone material up to framing top and overlaid by net top layer attached to its side layers and lacings rods. On the top of the first step framing sections reinforcement crossbars are installed with attaching them to load-bearing stands of framings. By the same technique reinforcement framings sections of the second and subsequent steps are mounted with shift by width of previous step. Reinforcement framings of all steps are connected with each other and attached to anchors emplaced in bank slope. Between stones in gabions closer to outer surfaces of steps bags are placed containing vegetable soil with addition of perennial plants seeds.

EFFECT: increase of bank protection structures efficiency and reduction of labor input of their construction.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering and can be used in eroded riverbeds and canals as shore protection structures.

A known method of erecting a gabion mount [1], including laying along the banks of the channel on the base of a stone-filled gabion prismatic shape. The disadvantages of this technical solution are: low work efficiency and high complexity of their construction.

A relatively close technical solution is a shore protection structure [2], which provides a method of erecting retaining walls from gabions, including the manufacture and installation of gabions in the form of steps along the river bank. The main disadvantages of this technical solution are: design complexity, low work efficiency and high complexity of the construction of retaining walls.

The purpose of the invention is to increase work efficiency and reduce the complexity of the construction of retaining walls.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of erecting retaining walls from gabions, including the manufacture and laying of gabions in the form of steps along the river bank, gabions are placed in lattice reinforcing frames that are prefabricated in a prefabricated structure according to the size of the steps sections. First, sections of the reinforcing cages of the first stage are mounted, gabions are collected inside each section of the frames, for which gabion nets are stretched along their base and sides with their fastening to the bars rods, the inside of each section is densely filled with stone material to the top of the frame, and the top is covered with the top layer mesh attached to its lateral layers and to the rods of the gratings. Transverse reinforcing stiffness rods are installed on top of the sections of the frames of the first stage with their attachment to the supporting racks of the frames, after which, using the same technology, sections of the reinforcing frames of the second and more stages are mounted, stepping back the width of the previous stage, while the reinforcing frames of all stages are connected to each other and attached to anchors located in the coastal slope. Moreover, inside gabions between the stones closer to the outer surfaces of the steps, bags with fertile plant soil with the addition of seeds of perennial grasses and shrubs are laid.

Figure 1 shows the reinforcing lattice frame of one section of a step of retaining walls; figure 2 shows a plot of stepped retaining walls in a perspective view; figure 3 is a plan of the plot retaining walls; figure 4 - node connections of reinforcing cages.

Retaining walls consist of reinforcing lattice frames 1, a prefabricated prismatic structure, interconnected and attached to concrete anchors 2 arranged in a coastal slope; gabions 3 made of a special mesh 4, stretched inside the reinforcing cages 1, stone aggregate 5, tightly laid inside the mesh 4 to the top of the steps, and bags 6 with fertile soil located inside the gabions 3. At the top of the steps, the reinforcing cages are reinforced with transverse stiffness rods 7 . On the coastal slope above the retaining walls, a mount of turf 8 is provided.

The method of construction of retaining walls from gabions is carried out and works as follows.

Initially, a trench is developed along the coast along the width of the retaining walls and reinforcing cages 1 are made according to the size of the sections of their steps. Several sections of the reinforcing cages of the first stage are mounted, two sections in length and in width depending on the number of steps (two, three or more). Inside each section of the frames 1, gabions 3 are assembled, for which gabion nets 4 are stretched along their base and sides with their attachment to the rods of the gratings, so that their upper part remains open. The inner part of each section is filled with stone material 5 to the top of the step, so that the largest stones (pebble and cobblestone) lie along the outer face and plane of the step, and the smallest (gravel and pebbles) lie in the base and in the middle of the step. At the same time inside the gabions 3 closer to their outer sides lay (pre-prepared) bags 6 with fertile plant soil with the addition of seeds of perennial grasses and shrubs. Immediately mentioned bags 6 are watered so that they are overgrown faster. Further, the upper part of the gabions in sections and along the line of the first step is tightened with a gabion mesh 4 with its attachment to the side layers of the mesh 4 and to the rods of the gratings. And on top of the frames of the 1st stage, transverse reinforcing bars of rigidity 7 are installed with their attachment to the supporting racks of the frames 1. After that, the reinforcing frames of the second stage (by the same length) are mounted in sections, having retreated to the width of the first stage and attaching them to the racks of the lower frames 1 Inside each section of frames 1, gabions 3 are assembled using the same technology, and reinforced with stiffening rods 7 on top. If necessary, the following steps of retaining walls are constructed in the same way. In this case, the reinforcing cages of all steps are firmly connected to each other and using reinforcing wires they are attached to concrete anchors 2 arranged in the coastal slope. Along the coastal slope above the last step, an auxiliary mount from turf 8 is arranged.

The complexity of the construction of the proposed retaining walls is greatly facilitated in comparison with the known technical solutions. They can be built both manually and using construction equipment.

The base of the retaining walls is laid taking into account the depth of erosion of the channel, or flexible spurs are arranged at the foot of the structure at a certain distance from each other [2].

During floods, the main hydrodynamic loads of the streams are perceived by the reinforcing cages 1 and anchor 2. In this case, due to the stepped form of the structure and the design flexibility, the frames 1 and gabions 3 receive small displacements, the excess energy is dispersed and partially extinguished. The main impact and abrasive effects of sediments are perceived by the reinforcing rods of frames 1. In the case of deep erosion of the channel below the base of the retaining walls, in which case the retaining walls will not lose stability. Only retaining walls will receive small curvatures and their steps of moving downward, reinforcing cages 1 and wires will stretch and hold firmly on anchors 2. Over time, bags 6 with vegetable soil will overgrow, branched plants and shrubs with developed root systems will provide additional reinforcement of stone material 5 and restoration of the coastal water protection zone. Thus, the strength of the structure will increase over time. In addition, green plants along the edge of the water create favorable conditions for the reproduction of fish.

Thus, the retaining walls from gabions, erected by the proposed method, are converted into environmental engineering structures that help the development of nature and are included in the river’s ecosystem, are perceived by nature as akin to it.

Retaining walls of gabions in reinforcing lattice frameworks can most effectively be used in mountain and foothill flood hazardous areas of rivers that are economically important.

Information sources

1. Grishin M.M. Waterworks. Part II. State Publishing House. M .: 1955.p.383-385.

2. RF patent No. 2204649, cl. ЕВВ 3/12, 2003. Coastal protection structure. / Kurbanov C.O., Dyshekov A.X.

Claims (2)

1. A method of erecting retaining walls from gabions, including the manufacture and laying of gabions in the form of steps along the river bank, characterized in that the gabions are placed in lattice reinforcing frames, which are prefabricated in prefabricated sizes of sections of the steps, first they assemble sections of the reinforcing frames of the first stage, gabions are collected inside each section of the frames, for which gabion nets are stretched along their base and sides with their attachment to the rods of the gratings, I tightly fill the inside of each section stone material to the top of the frame, and on top is closed with the upper layer of the grid attached to its lateral layers and to the rods of the gratings, transverse reinforcing stiffness rods are installed on top of the sections of the frames of the first stage with their attachment to the supporting racks of the frames, after which the reinforcement sections are mounted using the same technology frames of the second and more steps, stepping back the width of the previous step, while the reinforcing frames of all steps are connected to each other and attached to anchors arranged in the coastal slope. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that bags with fertile plant soil with the addition of seeds of perennial grasses and shrubs are placed inside the gabions between the stones closer to the outer surfaces of the steps.

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