RU2200790C2 - Process of erection of gabion fixing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water-development projects, building of bank protection structures in eroded beds of rivers, canals and other objects. SUBSTANCE: process of erection of gabion fixing includes laying of gabions of prismatic shape filled with stones on base along bank of bed. Porous space between stones in gabions is filled with fertile soil into which seeds of moisture- loving plants with developed root system are sowed before laying of gabions on base. After sowing plants are kept in aqueous or wet medium with artificial fertilizers till they shoot through and reinforce root system. As they grow their germinated upper parts are cut. Base comes in the form of layer of fertile soil and gabions have tilted prismatic frames containing joints in center which are braced to vertexes of gabions. Gabions can be laid in layers with displacement of transverse seam in cross-section of bed and gabions can be built up by both height and thickness of bed as bed is washed out. Transverse seams are made of fertile soil. Tilted prismatic frame can be formed by six pyramids intercoupled in center of joint. Joint between layers of gabions and individual gabions in layers is produced from prismatic frames. As root system develops volume of prismatic gabion grows too to certain limit as braces prevents tensile operation of structure and imparts it with solid rigid shape. Growing root system of plants envelops stones reinforcing structure and increasing functional reliability of structure by that. EFFECT: increased functional reliability of structure. 3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to hydraulic engineering and can be used as shore protection structures in eroded riverbeds, canals and other structures.

The closest technical solution is the method of erecting a gabion mount [1], including laying along the banks of the channel on the base of a prismatic shape filled with stone gabions. The disadvantages of this technical solution are
- the rigidity of the gabion structure is insufficient, since there is no connection between the core inside the gabion and between gabions;
- the shape of the gabion frame is variable, since there are no stretch marks inside the gabion;
- the durability of the fastener structure, consisting of such gabions, is small due to corrosion of the mesh and destruction of the fastener;
- in environmental terms, is not a favorable technical solution.

 The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency and reliability of protecting the banks of riverbeds and canals from erosion and durability of the shore protection structure.

 This goal is achieved in that the shore protection structure is a prefabricated gabion structure, consisting of inclined prismatic gabions. Prismatic gabions are prepared in advance so that the space between the stones is filled with fertile soil with the seeds of hygrophilous plants sown in it. In prismatic gabions, the mesh encircles an inclined prismatic rod frame with hinged mounts at the tops. In the center of the inclined prism, there is a hinge with braces connected to the hinges located at the vertices of the inclined prism. Stretch marks break down the inclined prism into six interconnected pyramids that turn the prism into a rigid, immutable system. Prismatic gabions after manufacture are placed in water or in a humid environment for favorable germination of moisture-loving plants with a developed root system. To improve the growth process of plants, the root system can be irrigated with water containing fertilizers. As the root system grows, the volume of the prismatic gabion also increases to a certain limit, since stretch marks prevent the structure from increasing due to its tensile stiffness and this gives it a solid, rigid shape. The growing root system of plants envelops the stones, thereby reinforcing the structure. The process of preparing gabions proceeds according to a certain technology so that, as the plants grow, gabions are turned over, and the sprouted upper part of the plants is trimmed. The assembly of the gabion mount can be carried out by a crane on a previously prepared base. The base can be fertile soil so that vegetation sprouts into it and thereby additionally fix gabions to the base in a natural way.

 Gabion mount may also consist of several layers, the number of which may increase as the operation proceeds. Gabion mount is a flexible design and as the bottom of the river bed or channel erodes without any damage, it can go down and build up with new gabions from above. Between the layers, fertile soil is poured, into which the root system grows both above and below, biologically bonding the layers to each other. This layer prevents the abrasion of the gabion mesh, significantly increasing its service life. Between the gabions in the layer also provides a seam of fertile soil, which has a similar purpose. The gabions themselves in cross section are staggered to enhance the rigidity of the gabion mount structure.

 Prismatic gabions are made inclined in order to reduce the deformability of gabions from the action of their own weight and other loads as they crawl as a result of erosion of the bottom of the river channel or channel.

 In FIG. 1 shows a cross section of a riverbed with a gabion mount, general view; figure 2 - inclined prismatic gabion at the time of installation by the crane, General view; figure 3 - inclined prismatic frame with extensions and hinges, General view; figure 4 is a cross section of an inclined prismatic gabion; figure 5 - node a in figure 1.

 The cross section of channel 1 consists of coastal 2 and bottom 3 parts. On the coastal 2 parts a gabion mount is arranged, consisting of inclined prismatic gabions 4. The inclined prismatic gabions are based on an inclined prismatic frame 5 with hinges 6 and extensions 7. The inclined prismatic frame 5 is covered with a mesh 8, inside which there are stones 9. The space between the stones 9 filled with fertile soil 10, which is reinforced with the root system of plants 11. Between the layers and the inclined prismatic gabions themselves, seams 12 are provided.

 The method of erection of the gabion mount is carried out and works as follows.

 An inclined prismatic frame 5 is made with 6 articulated joints at the vertices. In the center of the frame 5 there is also a hinge 6, which is connected by braces 7 with other hinges 6 so that six interconnected pyramids are formed. The cavity of the frame 5 is filled with stones 9, in the pores of which fertile soil 10 and seeds of hygrophilous vegetation 11 with a developed root system are placed. The inclined prismatic frame 5 is covered with a net 8. The prepared prismatic gabion 4 is placed in water or in a humid environment and fertilized for better germination. As the root system of plants 11 grows, the prismatic gabions 4 turn over, thereby enhancing the adhesion of the root system of plants 11 to the stones 9. Before installing the gabion mount, the upper part of the sprouted vegetation 11 is trimmed and the prismatic gabions 4 are laid on a prepared base, which is a layer of fertile soil in which the roots of plants sprout. The gabion mount can consist of several layers of seams 12, which are interconnected, and are fertile soil, which prevents the abrasion of the mesh 8 as a result of friction between the stones 9 and enhances the rigidity of the gabion mount as a result of the germination of the root system of vegetation 11.

 During operation of the gabion mount, the bottom 3 of the river bed or channel erodes, as a result of which the gabion mount falls down, exposing the upper part of the bank 2, therefore, in the bare part of the bank 2, prismatic gabions 4 are reported to prevent possible erosion. If individual gabions 4 are destroyed in the gabion mount, it is easy to replace it with a new one.

 Prismatic gabions 4 are made inclined, which will significantly reduce the deformation during operation, which is possible under the influence of its own weight and other loads.

 According to the proposed method of erecting gabion mounts, gabins are prepared in advance with artificial seeding of seeds in the space between the stones filled with fertile soil.

 In this case, the root system is irrigated with water containing fertilizers and grows strongly, and as the plants grow, gabions turn over, thereby plants, focusing on light, change their direction and strongly envelop the stones, reinforcing gabions. Armature from the root system does not pose a threat to environmental pollution and, at the same time, in terms of durability, it can compete with metal, as it is not subject to corrosion.

 The flexibility of the structure is a huge advantage of this structure, since it is in water and it is impossible to avoid possible deformations of the bottom and base, and this will entail deformation of the structure, which is not dangerous for this type of fastening. Destroyed gabions are easy to install during operation.

 The prismatic structure with a central hinge and extensions makes the structure unchanged and rigid to possible deformations, since it consists of six interconnected pyramids.

 The proposed technical solution is cheaper than the known similar technical solutions due to the saving of metal as a reinforcement and replacing it with the root system of plants. At the same time, the durability of these structures is 1.5-2 times greater, since the root system of plants is not susceptible to corrosion, and obsolete parts of the roots are updated.

Sourse of information
1. Altunin S.T. Regulation of channels. - M .: Selkhozgiz, 1956, S. 62-64 (prototype).

Claims (4)

 1. A method of erecting a gabion mount, including laying along the banks of the channel on the base of a prismatic shape filled with stone gabions, characterized in that before laying on the gabion base, the porous space between the stones in the gabions is pre-filled with fertile soil with seeds of hygrophilous plants with a developed root system, after what they are kept in an aqueous or humid environment with artificial fertilizers until the root system is fully germinated and reinforced, while as plants grow The sprouted upper part of the plants is climbed, the base is made in the form of a layer of fertile soil, and the gabion is made with an inclined prismatic frame containing a hinge in the center, which is connected by stretch marks with hinges at the vertices of the gabion.  2. The method of erecting a gabion mount according to claim 1, characterized in that the gabions are laid in layers with a shift of the transverse seams in the cross section of the channel, and as the channel erodes, the gabions are increased both in height of the channel and in thickness, while the transverse seams are made in form of fertile soil.  3. The method of erecting a gabion mount according to claim 1, characterized in that the inclined prismatic frame is formed from six interconnected pyramids connected in the center by a hinge.  4. The method of erecting a gabion mount according to claim 1, characterized in that the joints between the layers of gabions and individual gabions in the layers are made from fertile soil.

Images