RU2330722C1 - Shredder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: shredder consists of a horizontal rotor shaft, an upper casing accommodating the rotor shaft bearing assembly and an inlet branch pipe, a lower casing making a solid outer shell ring with two outlet branch pipes arranged on its lower part sides, an internal cylindrical screen ring, a triangular actuator, a fan impeller fitted on the rotor shaft lower part and enclosed in a stream-lined housing made as a diffuser, and a base. The rotor shaft extends over the entire working chamber length and, with its upper end, beyond the upper casing, while, with lower end, beyond the fan housing, and is fixed in the aforesaid housing by a locking bearing. The rotor shaft is made hollow from the lower part till the actuator center. Here note that the fan impeller is fitted on the said lower part before the hollow section, while the actuator inside accommodates channels with one end communicating with the rotor shaft hollow sectiona and with other end communicating with the actuator extreme and central parts. The said channels ends, before the working chamber inlet, accommodate gauze sieve filters.

EFFECT: higher efficiency and lower power consumption.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for grinding granular material used in the preparation of feed, mainly grain, grain products and grain waste.

A known design of a rotor-centrifugal mill with continuous flow classification of the finished product, used for grinding grain, with a vertical arrangement of the rotor shaft and a horizontal arrangement of the working body, made in the form of a disk with working blades radially located on it, including a housing, a cylindrical shell of the housing with a cover, the feed pipe welded to the lid in the center, a pipe for removing air, an inner shell, reflective rods, a pipe for unloading the finished product / A.A. Garabajiu, V.Yu. Murog. Theoretical studies of grinding processes and classification of bulk materials in a rotary centrifugal mill. Chemical industry, T.80, No. 5, 2003. - S.217-225 /.

The disadvantage of this device is the heterogeneity of the obtained finished product, its insufficient classification due to the absence of a sieve shell, and also due to insufficient excess air pressure to disperse, circulate and remove the crushed product from the grinding grinding zone, since air is supplied only to the central part of the grinding chamber.

EFFECT: reduced overgrinding of the product, obtaining a product uniform in particle size distribution, increased productivity and reduced energy consumption of the grain grinder, prevention of accumulation and formation of stagnant zones of the crushed product in the working zone due to the design features of the working chamber, ensuring more uniform circulation of the product, reduced metal consumption of the grinder due to the hollow design of the rotor shaft and the working body.

The problem is solved in that in the grinder, consisting of a vertically located rotor shaft, the upper housing, in which there is a bearing assembly of the rotor shaft and inlet pipe, the lower housing, which serves as a continuous outer shell, with two exhaust pipes made in its lower part, on the sides nozzles, inner cylindrical screen shell, triangular-shaped working body, fan wheel fixed in the lower part of the rotor shaft and enclosed by a fan wheel housing, streamlined shape, execution In the form of a diffuser, a bed, the rotor shaft is made over the entire length of the working chamber and exits with its upper end outward of the upper casing, and the lower outward of the fan casing, fixed in the fan casing by a locking bearing. A pulley for a V-belt drive is installed in the upper part of the rotor shaft. The rotor shaft is made hollow from the lower part to the middle of the working body, channels are made inside the working body that extend at one end to the cavity of the rotor shaft, and the other at the ends of the channels and at the ends of the channels, before entering the working chamber, mesh metal filters are installed preventing product from entering the channels. The fan wheel is mounted on the rotor shaft, in the lower part, before entering the shaft cavity and works to pump air from the atmosphere through the cavity of the rotor shaft and the rotor channels into the grinding working zone. Due to the created excess air pressure, the product is more intensively crushed, classified on a sieve shell and removed from the working chamber, as well as a more uniform circulation of the product in the working chamber.

The drawing shows a chopper.

The shredder consists of an upper housing 1, which at the same time is a supporting frame for bearing assemblies 2 and an assembly for attaching to it the lower part of the structure located on the upper housing before entering the working chamber of the inlet pipe 3, equipped with a shutter 4, the lower housing 5 with its lower part, on the sides, with two exhaust pipes 6, an inner cylindrical screen shell 7, the rotor shaft 8, made hollow from the lower part to the middle part of the working body 9, working body 9 of a triangular shape we with channels made in it extending at one end to its extreme and central part, and at the other to the cavity of the rotor shaft 8, while at the ends of the channels, on the working body 9, before entering the working chamber, mesh wear-resistant metal-woven filters 10, housings are installed streamlined fan wheel 11, made in the form of a diffuser and fixed to the lower case 5, of the frame 12, on which the upper case 1 rests. The rotor shaft 8 is made over the entire length of the working chamber and exits the upper end outward of the upper case 1, and the lower I’m driving the case of the fan wheel 11, it is fixed in the case of the fan wheel by a retaining bearing 13, in the upper case 1 by bearings 2. In the upper part of the rotor shaft there is a pulley 14 for V-belt transmission, in its lower part, before entering the cavity of the rotor shaft 8, the fan wheel 15. The bed is a prefabricated design of studs and a welded frame of channels.

The chopper works as follows. Through the inlet pipe 3, the product enters the working chamber of the crusher, where it is accelerated by the working body 9 and, under the action of centrifugal forces, is thrown onto the inner surface of the cylindrical screen shell 7. The product is crushed due to the impact of its particles on the side surface of the cylindrical screen shell of the working chamber, multiple impacts particles of the product among themselves, impacts on the rotor, as well as due to abrasion in the gap between the working body and the sieve shell. In the grinding process, the rotor shaft 8 simultaneously rotates the fan wheel 15, while the fan wheel 15 works to pump air from the atmosphere through a cavity in the shaft of the rotor 8 and channels in the working body 9 to the center and periphery of the working chamber. When air is injected in the working chamber, vortex air flows and excess air pressure arise, due to which the product circulates more evenly and more intensively in the working chamber, as a result of which the product is more intensively crushed due to an increase in the number of strokes between it and the surface of the sieve shell, as well as intensively classified on the sieve shell.

The ingress of the product into the rotor channels and the shaft cavity is prevented by metal-woven strainers 10 installed in front of the entrance to the channels of the working body 9. Having reached a certain size, the crushed product leaves the working chamber through the gap between the surface of the lower case 5 and the side surface of the cylindrical screen shell 7 , as well as through the lower part of the cylindrical screen shell 7 and is removed from the machine by the air flow and under the action of gravity through two exhaust pipes 6.

The size control is carried out by the selection of sieve shells with holes of a certain size. The amount of product supply to the working chamber is controlled by the gap in the inlet pipe 3 by the shutter 4.

Thus, the use of the inventive grinder allows to reduce the regrinding of the product, to obtain a product that is uniform in particle size distribution, to increase productivity and reduce the energy consumption of the grain grinder, to prevent the accumulation and formation of stagnant zones of the crushed product in the working area due to the design features of the working chamber, to ensure a more uniform circulation of the product to reduce the metal consumption of the grinder due to the hollow design of the rotor shaft and the working body.

Claims (3)

1. The chopper, consisting of a vertically located rotor shaft, the upper housing, in which there are the bearing assembly of the rotor shaft and the inlet pipe, the lower housing, which serves as a continuous outer shell, with two exhaust pipes made in its lower part on the sides, an inner cylindrical sieve shell, a working body of a triangular shape, a fan wheel fixed in the lower part of the rotor shaft and enclosed by a streamlined fan body made in the form of a diffuser, bed, cast characterized in that the rotor shaft is made over the entire length of the working chamber and exits with its upper end outward of the upper case, and the lower end - out of the fan case, is fixed in the fan case by a retaining bearing, in addition, the rotor shaft is hollow from the lower part to the middle of the working body, and the fan wheel is strengthened at the bottom of the cavity before entering the cavity, and channels are made inside the working body that extend at one end to the cavity of the rotor shaft, and the other - to the extreme and central parts of the working body, at the ends of the channels in front house in a working chamber installed mesh gauze filters. 2. The chopper according to claim 1, characterized in that in the upper part of the rotor shaft there is a pulley for V-belt drive. 3. The grinder according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical screen shell is made both on the side surface of the grinding grinding zone and on the lower one.