RU2329742C1 - Drier of suspended layer with inert head - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes, drying.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to technology of drying dispersed materials and may be used in microbiological, food, chemical and other industries. Drier contains loading bunker of wet material with screw feeder, drying chamber, heater, fan and system of spent air treatment. Drying chamber is arranged with device of boiling layer with distributing grid. Working chamber of boiling layer device is installed in its bottom part and filled with inert particles of fluoroplastic. Above plane of distributing grid of device working chamber wire elastic strings are stretched. Distributing grid and particles of inert head are made of elastic materials, and on distributing grid vibrator is installed. System of spent air treatment is equipped with cyclone group with discharging device, at the inlet of which acoustic device is installed. Initial solution is supplied to device through distributing nozzles. Invention allows to increase drying efficiency.

EFFECT: increase of drying efficiency.

6 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to techniques for drying dispersed materials and can be used in microbiological, food, chemical and other industries.

The closest technical solution to the claimed facility is a dryer according to USSR author's certificate No. 553424, 05/03/1977, containing a wet hopper of wet material with a screw feeder, a drying chamber, a heater, a fan and an exhaust air purification system (prototype).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the relatively low productivity of drying the final product.

The technical result is an increase in drying performance.

This is achieved by the fact that the dryer of the suspended layer with an inert nozzle, containing a hopper of wet material with a screw feeder, a drying chamber, an air heater, a fan and an exhaust air purification system, contains a fluidized bed apparatus with a distribution grid, steam and electric heaters, pressure and exhaust fans , inlet air filter, cyclone group with a discharge device, at the input of which an acoustic unit is installed, a tank for the initial solution entering the apparatus through exhaust nozzles, a hot water meter for washing and a dosing pump, and the working chamber of the fluidized bed apparatus is located in its lower part and is filled with inert particles of fluoroplastic with a size of 4.5 × 4 mm with a working chamber height of 500 mm and a diameter of 400 mm, and above the plane the distribution grid of the working chamber of the apparatus stretched wire elastic strings.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a dryer of the suspended layer with an inert nozzle, figure 2-figure 4 - embodiments of the inert nozzle.

The dryer of the suspended layer with an inert nozzle contains a fluidized bed apparatus 1 with a distribution grid, steam heaters 2 and electric 3, pressure head 12 and exhaust fans 4, an air intake filter 5, a cyclone group 6 with a discharge device 11, at the input of which an acoustic unit 13 is installed, a tank for the initial solution 7 entering the apparatus 1 through spray nozzles, a hot water meter for flushing 8 and a metering pump 9. The working chamber of the apparatus 1 of the fluidized bed is located in its lower part and is inertly filled 10 mi of polytetrafluorethylene particles size of 4,5 × 4 mm and a height of 500 mm in the working chamber.

To intensify the drying process of phytochemicals by accelerating the abrasion of the film of the dried product from the surface of inert particles of the film over the plane of the distribution grid of the working chamber of apparatus 1, elastic wire strings are stretched (not shown). When the layer is liquefied, inert particles hit the stretched strings, which contributes to the abrasion of the film of the dried product from their surface. The distribution grid and inert particles are made of elastic materials, and a vibrator (not shown) is mounted on the distribution grid.

Inert particles (Fig. 2-Fig. 4) can be made in the form of: hollow balls, on a spherical surface of which a helical groove is cut in the form of a helical line formed on a spherical surface and having in cross section perpendicular to the helical line, a profile such as a circle, polygon , “Berl saddles” or “Intalox” saddles; or in the form of cylindrical rings, on the lateral surface of which a helical groove is cut, or the nozzle is made in the form of a helix formed on a cylindrical surface and having in cross section perpendicular to the helical line, a profile such as a circle, polygon, Berl saddle or Intalox saddle ; or in the form of toroidal rings having a profile such as a circle, a polygon, a Burl saddle, or an Intalox saddle. Inert particles can be made of elastic polymeric materials, composite materials and obtained by molding or sintering.

The optimal parameters for sound processing in an acoustic installation of 13 fine dust with its concentration in the air stream of at least 2 g / m are: sound pressure level in the range of 140 ... 150 dB; the frequency of the oscillatory process in the range of 800 ... 1000 Hz; dubbing time in the range of 1.5 ... 2 s.

A suspended layer dryer with an inert packing works as follows.

The drying process begins after the heaters 2, 3 and fans 4 and 12 are turned on. With a stream of air, the inert particle layer 10 liquefies. After heating the particles to 100 ° C, the solution begins to flow from the tank 7, while the moisture evaporates and the dry product covers the inert particles 10 with a thin layer. As a result of the collision of the particles, the film is abraded, and the product is carried out by air from the fluidized bed of the apparatus 1 to the acoustic unit 13, then to the cyclone group 6, from where it is poured into the container of the unloading device 11, and moist air is discharged into the atmosphere.

The dried liquid disperses and irrigates the suspended layer of inert particles 10, which are heated by a blown hot gas and serve as a heat transmitter. Moisture evaporates from the surface of the particles, and they are covered with a thin film of material, and due to the significant rate of evaporation of moisture, the limiting process is the abrasion of the dried product from the surface of the particles.

Pharmaceutical preparations derived from plants (phytochemicals) are usually obtained by dehydrating their extracts with a process involving up to five operations — dopark, drying, grinding, sieving and mixing. These drugs are often thermolabile, and therefore, when dehydrated by conventional methods, the product is of reduced quality, and often its biological activity is reduced.

In the proposed dryer, all previously required operations are combined and reduced to a single process in the apparatus 1 of the fluidized bed with an inert nozzle 10.

It is applicable for the dehydration of aqueous solutions and extracts of phytochemicals such as daucarin, marshmallow root extract, etc., and allows you to dehydrate these solutions with a concentration of up to 25% (with their preliminary addition) and is designed to work with a drying agent with temperatures up to 150 ° C. Moreover, a dryer with a grate with a diameter of 400 mm provides a capacity of up to 30 kg / h on evaporated moisture.

At the same time, the indicators of biological activity correspond to technical conditions or are higher. The removal of the product from a unit volume of the apparatus and a unit area of the production room, respectively, is 9 and 2.5 times more than conventional spray dryers.

The use of a sufficient number of strings for each specific phytochemical preparation and the size of the dryer allows to intensify the process of abrasion of the film of materials, which ensures an increase in the productivity of the dryer.

Claims (6)

1. A suspended layer dryer with an inert nozzle, containing a wet material hopper with a screw feeder, a fluidized bed apparatus with a working chamber and a distribution grid, steam and electric heaters, pressure and exhaust fans, an air intake filter, a cyclone group with a discharge device, at the input which is equipped with an acoustic unit, a tank for the initial solution entering the fluidized bed apparatus through spray nozzles, a hot water meter for washing and a metering pump, moreover the working chamber of the fluidized bed apparatus is located in its lower part and is filled with particles of an inert nozzle, elastic wire strings are stretched over the plane of the distribution grid, the distribution grid and particles of the inert nozzle are made of elastic materials, and a vibrator is installed on the distribution grid. 2. The dryer of the suspended layer with an inert nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the sound pressure level in the range 140 ÷ 150 dB is the optimal parameters for sound processing in an acoustic installation of medium-fine dust with its concentration in the air stream of at least 2 g / m ³ , the frequency of the oscillatory process in the range of 800 ÷ 1000 Hz, the scoring time in the range of 1.5 ÷ 2 s. 3. The dryer of the suspended layer with an inert nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle is made in the form of hollow balls, on the spherical surface of which a helical groove is cut or the nozzle is made in the form of a helix formed on a spherical surface and having a cross section perpendicular to the helical lines, a profile such as a circle, polygon, Berl saddle, or Intalox saddle. 4. The dryer of the suspended layer with an inert nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle is made in the form of cylindrical rings, on the side surface of which a helical groove is cut, or the nozzle is made in the form of a helix formed on a cylindrical surface and having a cross section perpendicular helix, profile such as a circle, polygon, Berl saddle, or Intalox saddle. 5. The dryer of the suspended layer with an inert nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle is made in the form of toroidal rings or the nozzle is made in the form of toroidal rings having a profile such as a circle, polygon, Berl saddle or Intalox saddle. 6. The dryer of the suspended layer with an inert nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle is made of elastic polymeric materials, composite materials and obtained by molding or sintering.

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