RU2319390C2 - Feed for fish - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fishery, in particular, production of therapeutic feeds for fish.

SUBSTANCE: feed contains 10% albendazole as anthelminthic preparation in an amount of 35-45 mg/kg of fish weight. Before introducing into feed, preparation is preliminarily mixed with flour in volume ratio of 1:10, uniformly distributed in feed mass, moistened with water and mixed, then feed is laid in feeding places at early morning hours, two days in succession.

EFFECT: increased efficiency in treatment of fish cestodiasis and reduced production costs.

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Description

The invention relates to fish farming, in particular to fodder production, and is intended for the preparation of feed with the addition of a therapeutic substance against cestodoses: caviosis, caryophyllosis and botryocephalosis.

These diseases are the result of infection of pond fish (carp, grass carp, silver carp) with cestodes Knawia sinensis, Caryophyllaeus fimbriceps and Bothriocephalus acheilognathi. Infection occurs through the ingestion by fish of tubuloids (intermediate hosts of Knawia sinensis and Caryophyllaeus fimbriceps) and cyclops (intermediate host of Bothriocephalus acheilognathi). Highly invasive fish lag behind in growth, they have noticeable emaciation, anemia of the gills, lethargy during movement, chronic inflammation of the intestinal mucosa.

Known methods for controlling cestodoses include disinfecting ponds with bleach and quicklime, draining and freezing a bed of ponds to destroy helminth eggs and intermediate hosts (1).

However, these activities are quite laborious.

It is known to use as anthelmintic additives in food microsal and phenasal against flatworms.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect is granular feed Cyprinocestin, which includes phenasal in the amount of 1% as an anthelmintic drug (prototype). Ciprinocestin is given once, by the method of free feeding according to the generally accepted method of feeding fish (2).

However, the use of cyprinocestine is not effective enough.

The aim of the present invention is to expand the range of medicinal feeds and increase the effectiveness of the treatment of cestodoses.

This goal is achieved by the fact that as an anthelmintic drug, albendazole 10% is used at a dose of 35-45 mg / kg of fish weight, which is mixed with flour in a volume of 1:10 before being introduced into the feed, then evenly distributed in the feed mass, moistened with water, mixed and lay the feed in the feed places in the early morning hours, two days in a row.

Albendazole 10% is a homogeneous granule of white or light gray color. It contains albendazole 10% as an active ingredient, as well as auxiliary components.

It is known for its use for deworming of animals and birds, it is effective against nematodes, cestodes and trematodes, and has an ovocidal effect.

Cattle are fed individually at a dose of 75 mg / kg for the treatment and prevention of moniesiosis, pulmonary and intestinal nematodoses, with chronic fascioliasis - at a dose of 100 mg / kg of animal weight. Sheep albendazole 10% against the same diseases is prescribed at a dose of 50 mg / kg of animal weight (3).

The mechanism of action of the drug is a metabolic disturbance, inhibition of the activity of fumarate reductase and the synthesis of ATP parasite, which leads to the death of the helminth.

In fish farming, the use of albendazole 10% is not known.

The technical result is to increase the effectiveness of the treatment of fish from cestodoses and reduce the cost of a feed supplement.

The analysis of the prior art made it possible to establish that the source was not detected, characterized by signs identical to all the essential features of the claimed invention.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the criterion of "novelty."

An additional search for known solutions showed that the claimed invention does not follow explicitly from the prior art for a specialist. The introduction of albendazole 10% accordingly allows you to evenly distribute it in the feed mass and get the best result.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the criterion of "inventive step".

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention with obtaining the above technical result

The method is as follows.

Albendazole 10% is introduced into the feed at a dose of 40 mg / kg of fish mass. To do this, the required amount of the drug is mixed with flour for a better distribution of the drug in the feed mass in a volume of 1:10. The resulting mass is uniformly mixed with animal feed, moistened with water and mixed again. Cooked food in the form of sticky lumps is laid out in a pond along the feeding places in the early morning hours. Fish are fed two days in a row without a preliminary hungry diet.

Before mass use, each batch of the drug is tested on a limited group of fish. In the absence of complications within 3 days, feed with the addition of albendazole 10% is given to all sick fish.

For prevention purposes, the proposed food is used twice a year: in late April - early May and in late August - early September.

For medicinal purposes, feed with albendazole 10% is used at any time of the year. Along with this, a complex of fish-farming and land reclamation measures is carried out.

Examples of specific performance.

The experiments were carried out in the SEC "Starominskaya Rybkhoz", SEC r / c "Shaparievsky" and LLC "APK" of the Krasnodar Territory on year-olds and two-year-old carp and grass carp. Previously, the fish was examined for tapeworm infection.

Example 1. At LLC APK, the extent of infection with the botryocephalus of carp yearlings and grass carp was 20%. For deworming, we used standard compound feed with the addition of albendazole 10% at a dose of 35 mg / kg of fish weight once. For this, the required amount of the drug per 1 day of feeding was mixed with flour in a volume of 1: 10. The resulting mass (albendazole 10% + flour) was uniformly mixed with animal feed, moistened with water and mixed again. Thus prepared food in the form of sticky lumps was laid out in the early morning hours, without bringing the food to a state of fermentation.

A single use of feed with albendazole 10% at a dose of 35 mg / kg of fish weight reduced the invasion intensity to 2%.

In the control, the fish was fed with the usual compound feed without additives; the invasion intensity remained the same.

Example 2. In the SEC r / c "Shaparievsky" in yearlings of carp and grass carp there was a disease of kaviosis with an intensity of 28%.

Analogously to example 1, a food was prepared with the addition of albendazole 10% at a dose of 40 mg / kg of fish mass.

A single use of medicinal feed reduced the extent of infection with cavia to 5%.

In control, the extent of invasion did not change.

Example 3. Analogously to example 1 in the same SEC r / c "Shaparievsky" prepared food with the addition of albendazole 10% for patients with kaviosis with an intensity of 30% year-old carp and grass carp at a dose of 40 mg / kg of fish weight. Food was used for two days in a row.

As a result, the disease is completely eliminated.

In control, the extent of invasion did not change.

Example 4. In the same fishing farm as a result of helminthological studies, a disease of botriocephaliasis with an intensity of 25% was found in fingerlings of carp and grass carp.

Feed with the addition of albendazole 10% was prepared analogously to example 1 based on the use of two days in a row. The dose of the drug was 40 mg / kg of fish weight.

As a result, the fish completely got rid of parasites.

In the control, the intensity of invasion remained unchanged.

Example 5. Analogously to example 1 in OOO APK, feed with an addition of albendazole 10% was prepared at a dose of 40 mg / kg of fish weight with an infection rate of two years of carp and grass carp 30%.

As a result of feeding 2 days in a row with feed supplemented with albendazole, 10% of the fish completely got rid of parasites.

In control, the extent of invasion did not change.

Example 6. Analogously to example 1, with the extent of infection of 50% of the yearlings of carp and grass carp in the SEC “Starominskaya fish farm” fed compound feed with the addition of albendazole 10% at a dose of 45 mg / kg of fish weight.

As a result of the double use of therapeutic feed, the invasion intensity decreased to 0.

In the control, the extent of infection did not change.

The results of the experiments are summarized in table.

Thus, a feed containing 10% albendazole at a dose of 40 mg / kg, used for two consecutive days without a preliminary fasting diet, is optimal for the effective treatment of fish cestodoses.

Information sources

1. Instructions for combating botryocephalosis in pond farms and cage farms, at cooling ponds of TPPs and NPPs. // Sat instructions for fighting fish diseases. Part 1. M. - Marketing Department AMB-agro. - 1998. - C 240.

2. Instructions on measures to combat fish karyophyllosis. // Sat instructions for fighting fish diseases. Part 1. M. - Marketing Department AMB-agro. - 1998. - P.246-247 (prototype).

3. Temporary instruction on the use of albendazole 10% granulate in animal helminthiasis (in the order of a wide production test in 1999-2000 // Ministry of Agriculture of Russia. Department of Veterinary Medicine. - M. - 1999.

Table Production test results for fish feed supplemented with albendazole 10% №№ Company name Disease Species and age of fish The invasion rate before treatment,% Dose, mg / kg of fish weight Multiplicity of application, day The invasion rate after treatment,% one APK LLC
The control Botriocephalosis
- "- Carp yearlings, white. cupid
- "- twenty
twenty 35
- one
- 2
twenty 2 SPK r / c "Shaparievsky"
The control Kaviosis
- "- Carp yearlings, white. cupid
- "- 28
28 40
- one
- 5
28 3 SPK r / c "Shaparievsky"
The control Kaviosis
- "- Carp yearlings, bsl. cupid
- "- thirty
thirty 40
- 2
- 0
thirty four SPK r / c "Shaparievsky"
The control Botriocephalosis
- "- Carp yearlings, white. cupid
- "- 25
25 40
- 2
- 0
25 5 APK LLC
The control - "-
- "- - "-
- "- thirty
thirty 40
- 2
- 0
thirty 6 SEC “Starominskaya fish farm”
The control - "-
- "- - "-
- "- fifty
fifty 45
- 2
- 0
fifty

Claims (1)

Fish feed containing an anthelmintic preparation, characterized in that albendazole 10% is used as an anthelmintic preparation at a dose of 35-45 mg / kg of fish weight, which is mixed with flour in a volume of 1:10 before being introduced into the feed, then evenly distributed in mass feed, moisten with water, mix and lay the feed in the feed places in the early morning hours, two days in a row.