RU2318561C2 - Method for peat-bog fire prevention and localization - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire-fighting.

SUBSTANCE: method involves creating vertical curtain filled with non-combustible material; additionally forming closed lower horizontal curtain with the use of two crossing vertical wells; filling lower horizontal curtain with non-combustible material, for instance with clay mud, over total area defined by closed outline so that the material passes into waterproof layer. To protect upper horizontal peat-bog part upper horizontal curtain joined with vertical curtain is created. Upper horizontal curtain is continuous along area outline and across the area and is created by peat-bog covering with water-resistant ground.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of peat-bog fire prevention and localization.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods for preventing fires in places of peat occurrence, and in particular to methods of creating barriers both vertical and horizontal closed along the contour of the site in places of possible occurrence of fires of any power in the thickness of the peat bog method "wall in the ground" and fire localization when it availability.

The technology for igniting and extinguishing fires on peatlands has its own specifics because of the uneven density of peat, its heterogeneity and various oxygen saturations. The development of methods for preventing fires and their localization, especially hidden fires, for example, in the thickness of peat bogs and in large areas is an urgent task.

There is a method of extinguishing fires of peat bogs with water supplied to the places of possible ignition through needle trunks or other pipelines providing humidification of peat bogs (Povzik Ya.S., Klyus PP, Matveykin AM Fire tactics. - M .: Stroyizdat, 1990, p. 312-314).

The disadvantage of the analogue is its low efficiency, since the supplied water goes to a depth, which requires a constant supply of water, which cannot be supplied over the entire area of the peat bog, taking into account its size and obstruction of places.

A known method of preventing a fire in peatlands, including laying channels along the entire source of possible ignition and freezing in prepared channels and natural recesses of ice massifs by supplying water in the winter (RF patent No. 2254154, A62C 3/02, published on June 20, 2005) .

The disadvantage of this method is the difficulty of laying channels in the winter.

A known method of preventing the spread of fire on peatlands, in which they arrange a vertical curtain in the form of a hollow gap located across the prevailing slope of the terrain, and filling its upper part with a filter of non-combustible waterproof material with filling the roller from the extracted soil below the slope along the slope to retain precipitation and beyond account form a veil of peat saturated with moisture to the entire depth of the peat (RF patent No. 2236877, А62С 3/02, publ. 09/27/2004).

By the number of similar features and the achieved result, this technical solution is selected as a prototype of the claimed invention.

The disadvantage of this method is the need for the importation of a large amount of non-combustible waterproof material for the formation of the veil and low efficiency due to the impossibility of substantial moistening with natural moisture.

The technical result to which the invention is directed is to increase the effectiveness of preventing fire in peatlands and its localization by creating a single volumetric closed loop.

To achieve the named technical result in the proposed method, including the installation of a vertical curtain filled with a non-combustible waterproof material, an additional closed horizontal lower curtain is formed using secant vertical wells and its sequential filling with a non-combustible waterproof material over the entire area of the closed circuit of the section with the entrance to the water-resistant layer. For the upper horizontal protection of the mass of peat bog from ignition, an upper horizontal curtain is formed, paired with a vertical curtain, continuous both along the contour and over the entire area, by filling the peat bog with waterproof soil. As a non-combustible waterproof material, for example, a clay solution or the like is used.

Distinctive features of the proposed method are the formation, along with the vertical curtain, of a closed lower horizontal curtain, their filling with non-combustible material, for example, clay mortar, as well as the formation of the upper horizontal curtain by filling with material, which allows to prevent and timely localize both the horizontal flow of fire and vertical.

The proposed method is illustrated by drawings. Figure 1 shows a vertical curtain, closed along the contour of the plot, a General view, figure 2 - closed lower horizontal curtain, top view, figure 3 - filled with non-combustible material obtained closed curtain. The positions in the drawings indicate:

1 - vertical curtain

2 - closed lower horizontal curtain

3 - upper horizontal curtain

4 - peat bog

5 - waterproof layer.

The proposed method for the prevention and localization of fires in peatlands is as follows.

The process of creating a closed curtain consisting of a closed lower horizontal curtain 2, a vertical curtain 1 and an upper horizontal curtain 3 along the contour and over the entire area of the site begins with the creation of a closed lower horizontal curtain 2 using a secant method using a lifting-guide mechanism (not shown) e.g. excavator or truck crane. A secant (working) guide pipe is installed in the secant bore, containing a clay solution and having the ability to open the lower valve during extraction to fill the resulting closed lower horizontal curtain 2 with this solution, which is laid at the border of peat bog 4 with entry into the water-resistant layer 5. Closed lower horizontal curtain 2 serves as a protective layer and prevents the access of oxygen into the thickness of the peat bog. Then go to the device of the vertical curtain 1 method "wall in the ground." In this case, the vertical curtain 1 intersects with the closed lower horizontal curtain 2. The vertical curtain 1, arranged in peat bogs, is driven by an excavator with a backhoe under the protection of the clay mortar both along the closed contour of the site and throughout its area with the entrance to the closed lower horizontal curtain 2 The filling of the resulting wells of the vertical curtain 1 is carried out sequentially as the development of clay mud with the addition of cement. Next, they proceed to the formation of both the contour and the entire area of the upper horizontal curtain 3 by continuously filling the peat with clay imported soil, which protects the surface of the peat 4 from ignition.

Thus, the proposed method allows to eliminate the access of oxygen, which excludes the possibility of ignition and its subsequent spread or new ignition, to provide a higher degree of prevention of peat fire at any capacity of the peat layer, as well as reliably localize it at relatively low cost for its implementation.

Claims (2)

1. A method of preventing and localizing fires in peatlands, comprising a vertical curtain filled with a non-combustible waterproof material, characterized in that it further forms a closed lower horizontal curtain using secant vertical wells and sequentially filling it with a non-combustible waterproof material over the entire area of the closed circuit of the section with the entrance into the water-resistant layer, and for the upper horizontal protection of the mass of peat bog from ignition, form the upper horizontal curtain, paired with rtikalnoy veil as a continuous contour, and the entire area by backfilling waterproof peat soil. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a clay solution is used as a non-combustible waterproof material.

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