RU2317505C1 - Method for grenade shooting and grenade launcher for its realization - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: military equipment, in particular, grenade launchers of single application.

SUBSTANCE: the method for grenade shooting consists in ejection of the grenade starting charge by powder gases towards the barrel muzzle end, and ejection of the countermass towards the breech end. The starting charge and the countermass are placed in the rear end of the grenade body. The starting charge is moved together with the grenade, it is burnt off in the high-pressure chamber, the powder gases are by-passed to a space made between the grenade bottom and the countermass, and the countermass is ejected in succession with the moving grenade first into the barrel, and them from the barrel into the atmosphere. The grenade launcher consists of a barrel, grenade, starting charge and a countermass. The high-pressure chamber is installed on the rear end of the grenade body, the starting charge and the cylindrical muzzle with the countermass placed in it are positioned in the high-pressure chamber. The space made between the grenade bottom and the countermass communicates with the high-pressure chamber through gas-conduit channels formed in the body of the high-pressure chamber.

EFFECT: reduced mass of the grenade launcher construction at a preset overall dimensions and muzzle velocity, as well as enhanced level of safety at shooting from the grenade launcher.

2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to the field of military equipment, namely to single-use grenade launchers.

A known method of firing a grenade (Weapons of modern infantry: an illustrated guide. Part II / S.L. Fedoseev. - M.: Publishing House Astrel LLC: Publishing House ACT, 2001. - 256 pp., Ill. - (Military equipment ), pp. 169-171), adopted by the authors for the prototype and including the ejection of the grenade’s starting charge by the powder gases towards the muzzle of the barrel and the simultaneous ejection of the anti-mass towards the breech (the so-called “Davis gun” principle). The specified method is implemented in a Panzerfaust-3 hand-held anti-tank grenade launcher developed by Dynamite-Nobel AG, selected as a prototype and consisting of a barrel and grenades and anti-mass placed inside it, as well as a starting charge located in the barrel between the grenade and anti-mass (The weapons of modern infantry: an illustrated guide. Part II / S.L. Fedoseev. - M.: Publishing House Astrel LLC: Publishing House ACT, 2001. - 256 pp., Ill. - (Military equipment), p. 169-171).

The known method and the grenade launcher that implements it can significantly reduce the danger zone that occurs when firing behind the official cut of the grenade launcher, which allows firing from enclosed spaces without danger to the grenade launcher and other fighters of the unit. However, despite the high efficiency, the known method and its design have a number of disadvantages, namely: the relatively large weight and limited initial speed of the grenade. These disadvantages are due to the fact that the dispersal of the grenade is carried out only at half the length of the barrel (in the other half the mass is accelerated), as a result of which it is necessary to ensure relatively high pressure levels in the barrel, which leads to an increase in the thickness of the barrel walls and its mass. Burning the starting charge directly in the barrel also leads to the need to increase the thickness of the barrel walls. The increase in the initial speed with the known method of firing a grenade leads to the need to increase the pressure in the barrel, which again leads to an increase in mass and an increase in pressure at the cut of the barrel after the grenade leaves, which is unsafe for the shooter. Finally, the relatively large mass of the grenade launcher is due to the very method of firing a grenade with an anti-mass reject equal to the weight of the grenade.

The task of the invention is to reduce the mass of the grenade launcher at given dimensions and initial speed, as well as increase the level of safety when firing from a grenade launcher.

The problem is solved by a method of firing a grenade, including pushing the grenade’s starting charge towards the muzzle of the barrel and pushing the anti-mass towards the breech, in which the starting charge and anti-mass are placed in the stern of the grenade’s body, the starting charge is moved along with the grenade, and burned it in the high-pressure chamber, the powder gases are passed into the volume made between the bottom of the grenade and the counter-mass, and the counter-mass is pushed out in series with the moving gra Ata first into the barrel, and then out of the barrel into the atmosphere.

The method is implemented by a grenade launcher, consisting of a barrel, a grenade, a starting charge and a counter mass, in which a high pressure chamber is installed on the aft part of the grenade body, in which a starting charge is placed, and a cylindrical nozzle with a counter mass placed in it, with the volume made between the bottom of the grenade and anti-mass, communicates with the high-pressure chamber through gas channels formed in the housing of the high-pressure chamber.

Placing the starting charge and anti-mass in the stern of the grenade allows you to use almost the entire length of the barrel to disperse the grenade, which allows you to reduce the level of pressure in the volume between the grenade and the anti-mass. The reduction in the mass of the structure is achieved by reducing the wall thickness of the barrel and the cylindrical nozzle, since the starting charge is burned in a relatively small pressure chamber. In this case, an increase in the mass of the grenade by the mass of the high-pressure chamber and the cylindrical nozzle at a given initial speed leads to an increase in the kinetic energy of the grenade and an increase in the range of its flight. In addition, when the antimass is pushed out sequentially with a moving grenade, first into the barrel and then from the barrel into the atmosphere, the residence time of the anti-mass in the barrel increases, i.e. at the required, based on the given initial velocity of the grenade, pressure pulse in the barrel, the pressure level decreases, which reduces the mass of the structure. After the release of the anti-mass from the barrel, the grenade can continue to accelerate until it exits the muzzle due to the thrust created by the gas-water channels formed in the housing of the high-pressure chamber. At the same time, due to a decrease in the forces acting on the grenade, its perturbations at the time of departure from the barrel are reduced.

The invention is illustrated by graphic materials, where Figs. 1 and 5 show a diagram of a grenade launcher in the stowed position, and Figs. 2, 3, 4 show successive positions of a grenade and anti-mass during the shot.

The grenade launcher consists of a grenade 1, a barrel 2, a starting charge 3 and a counter mass 4. A pressure chamber 5 is installed on the aft part of the grenade body 1, in which a starting charge 3 is placed, and a cylindrical nozzle 7 with a counter mass 4 placed inside it. Volume made between the bottom of the grenade 1 and the anti-mass 4, communicates with the high-pressure chamber 5 through gas ducts 6 formed in the housing of the high-pressure chamber.

The work of the proposed design is as follows. When igniting the starting charge 3, the products of its combustion through the gas ducts 6 enter the volume between the bottom of the grenade 1 and the counter mass 4. In this case, the pressure of the combustion products decreases relative to the level in the high-pressure chamber. Grenade 1 and anti-mass 4 begin to move in opposite directions, while the mass of the anti-mass and its length are selected so that after the anti-mass 4 comes out of the cylindrical nozzle 7 of the grenade 1, the anti-mass remains until it is released into the atmosphere for some more time in the barrel 2, maintaining this time, the pressure in the barrel and ensuring the acceleration of the grenade 1. After the release of the anti-mass 4 from the barrel 2, the grenade 1 can continue to accelerate until it goes beyond the muzzle of the barrel due to the thrust created by the gas ducts 6, made in the body e pressure chamber 5.

The dimensions and weight of the starting charge, anti-mass, high-pressure chamber and cylindrical nozzle are determined at the given dimensions of the grenade launcher and the initial speed of the grenade by calculation and are refined according to the test results.

Thus, the proposed method of firing a grenade and a grenade launcher for its implementation will reduce the mass of the grenade launcher design at given dimensions and the initial speed of the grenade at relatively low pressure levels in the barrel, which will improve the safety of the shooter.

Claims (2)

1. A method of firing a grenade from the barrel of a grenade launcher, comprising pushing the grenade’s starting charge into the side of the barrel and pushing the anti-mass towards the breech of the barrel, characterized in that the starting charge and counter-mass are placed in the stern of the grenade, the starting charge is burned in the chamber high pressure and move together with the grenade, and the combustion products are passed into the volume between the bottom of the grenade and the anti-mass and push the anti-mass sequentially from the moving sleep grenade ala in the barrel, and then from the breech into the atmosphere. 2. A grenade launcher, consisting of a barrel, a grenade, a starting charge and anti-mass, characterized in that a cylindrical nozzle with a counter-mass and a high-pressure chamber in which a starting charge is placed with the formation of a volume between the bottom of the grenade and a counter-mass are mounted on the stern of the grenade communicated with the high-pressure chamber by means of gas ducts formed in the housing of the high-pressure chamber.

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