RU86249U1 - Grenade launcher with high-pressure chamber of tangential radial dispersion of a reactive inert mass - Google Patents

Abstract

A grenade launcher, consisting of a starting device, a grenade, on the aft part of the body of which there is a cylindrical nozzle with a reaction inert mass placed in it and a high-pressure chamber with a starting charge with the formation of a volume between the bottom of the grenade and the reaction inert mass, in communication with the high-pressure chamber through axial gas channels formed in the housing of the high-pressure chamber, characterized in that the high-pressure chamber has tangentially radial gas-water channels, the reaction inert Naya mass located around the void volume of the cylindrical nozzle, and ignition of the starting charge is carried by a central gazovoda prechamber.

Description

The invention relates to the field of military equipment, namely to grenade launchers of melee disposable use. A known design of a grenade launcher [1] consisting of a starting device, a grenade, a high-pressure chamber with a starting charge located in the aft of a grenade and a cylindrical nozzle with a reaction inert mass (RIM) placed in it, with the volume made between the bottom of the grenade and RIM, communicates with the high pressure chamber through axial gas channels formed in the housing of the high pressure chamber. The specified design of the grenade launcher is taken by the authors as a prototype. It allows you to reduce the passive mass of the grenade and reduce the danger zone formed when firing behind the official cut of the grenade launcher, which allows firing from enclosed spaces of limited volume without danger to the grenade launcher and other fighters of the unit. However, despite the high efficiency, the known design has a significant drawback, namely, a significant zone of propellant action RIM. This drawback is due to the fact that the ROMM is placed in a cardboard case, and the requirement to reduce the overall parameters of the grenade launcher dictates the use of ROMM with a high bulk density. Experimental studies have shown that dispersible RIM is dangerous for shooters at a distance of up to 15 m behind the official cut of a grenade launcher, which is most essential if it is necessary to shoot from a grenade launcher of this design in an open area.

The objective of the proposed utility model is to reduce the zone of propellant action of ROME.

The problem is solved by the design of a grenade launcher, consisting of a starting device, a grenade, a high-pressure chamber with a starting charge, placed in the aft of the grenade and a cylindrical nozzle with RIM placed in it, while the volume made between the bottom of the grenade and the RIM communicates with the high-pressure chamber by means of gas-tangential radial channels formed in the housing of the high-pressure chamber, and the ignition of the charge is carried out by a pre-chamber method, by means of a central gas duct.

The use of pre-chamber ignition, the tangential radial outflow of the combustion products, and accordingly the dispersion of the RIM, as well as the placement of the latter in the entire free volume of the cylindrical nozzle, makes it possible to use the entire length of the launching device to accelerate the grenade, reduce the overall dimensions of the power unit at a given initial speed, and also increase the residence time of the ROME in the starting device, which together provides a reduction in the zone of propellant action of the ROME during firing. After dispersing the ROME from the launcher, the grenade can continue to accelerate until it goes beyond the muzzle due to the thrust created by the gas-water tangential radial channels formed in the housing of the high-pressure chamber. At the same time, due to a decrease in the forces acting on the grenade, its perturbations at the time of departure from the barrel are reduced.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by graphic materials, where Figs. 1 and 2 show a diagram of a grenade launcher in the stowed position and high-pressure chambers, Figs. 3, 4, 5 show the successive positions of a grenade and RIM during the shot, and Figs. 6 and 7 - the appearance of the bench model of a grenade with a high-pressure chamber of tangential-radial dispersion of the reaction inert mass and the experimental scheme for determining the zone of safe dispersion of the reaction inert mass, respectively.

The grenade launcher consists of a grenade 1, a starting device 2, a starting charge 4 and a ROMM 8. On the aft of the grenade body 1 there is a high-pressure chamber 5, in which a starting charge 4 is held by a diaphragm 10 and a central prechamber gas duct 12 with an ignitor 11 and a cylindrical nozzle 7 with RIM 8 placed in it, which is fixed by a sealing plug 13. The volume made between the front bottom 3 of the grenade and RIM 8 communicates with the high-pressure chamber 5 by means of gas-tangential radial channels 6, formed baths in the housing of the high pressure chamber, and the products of combustion of the igniter flow from the central prechamber gas duct 12 through the radial bypass channels 9.

The work of the proposed design is as follows. When an electric pulse arrives, the igniter powder ignites, the combustion products of which through the pre-chamber openings, the radial bypass channels 9 and the slots of the diaphragm 10 ignite the starting powder charge 4. When the starting charge 4 is ignited, its combustion products through the gas-tangential radial channels 6 enter the volume between the front bottom of the grenade 3 and ROME 8, while there is a decrease in the pressure of the combustion products relative to the level in the high-pressure chamber. Grenade 1 and ROME 8 begin to move in opposite directions, while the mass of the ROMM and its length are selected so that after the ROMM 8 leaves the cylindrical nozzle 7 of the grenade 1, the ROMM remains until it is released into the atmosphere for some time in the starting device 2, supporting during this time, the pressure in the barrel and providing acceleration of the grenade 1. After the RIM 8 leaves the starting device 2, the grenade 1 can continue to accelerate until it leaves the muzzle of the starting device due to the thrust created by the gas-duct tangential radial channels 6, made in the housing of the high pressure chamber 5.

The dimensions and mass of the starting charge, RIM, high-pressure chamber and cylindrical nozzle are determined at the given dimensions of the grenade launcher and the initial speed of the grenade by calculation and are refined according to the test results together with the determination of the dispersion zone of the RIM and, accordingly, the hazardous zone beyond its official cut.

The tests showed that the proposed design of a grenade launcher with a high-pressure chamber for tangentially radial dispersion of the reaction inert mass, due to the prechamber ignition, ensures reliable operation of the energy unit at relatively low pressure of the combustion products (25 ... 30 MPa) and provides dispersion of the RIM at a distance of 3 m from the state a cutoff of the starting device, which reduces the danger zone of the propellant action of the ROME to the specified distance.

Thus, the proposed design will reduce the mass of the grenade launcher at the given dimensions and initial speed of the grenade at relatively low pressure levels in the starting device, which will reduce the danger zone of the propellant rifle action, thereby expanding the possibilities of using grenade launchers of the proposed design.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 shows the proposed design diagram of a grenade launcher with a high-pressure chamber of tangential-radial dispersion of the reaction inert mass in the stowed position, where:

1. Grenade.

2. Starting device.

3. The front bottom.

4. Starting charge.

5. High pressure chamber.

6. Gas duct tangential radial channels.

7. Cylindrical nozzles.

8. The reaction inert mass.

9. Radial bypass channels.

10. Aperture.

11. Igniter.

12. Central prechamber gas duct.

13. Sealing plug.

Figure 2 shows a diagram of a high-pressure chamber of tangential-radial dispersion of a reaction inert mass.

Figure 3 ... 5 shows a diagram of the operation of a grenade launcher with a high-pressure chamber of tangentially radial dispersion of the reaction inert mass at the initial moment, during the shot and after dispersion of the reaction inert mass.

Figure 6 presents the appearance of the bench model of a grenade with a high-pressure chamber for tangentially radial dispersion of the reaction inert mass, and Fig.7 is a diagram of the experimental determination of the zone of safe dispersion of the reaction inert mass.

Claims (1)

A grenade launcher, consisting of a starting device, a grenade, on the aft part of the body of which there is a cylindrical nozzle with a reaction inert mass placed in it and a high-pressure chamber with a starting charge with the formation of a volume between the bottom of the grenade and the reaction inert mass, in communication with the high-pressure chamber through axial gas channels formed in the housing of the high-pressure chamber, characterized in that the high-pressure chamber has tangentially radial gas-water channels, the reaction inert Naya mass located around the void volume of the cylindrical nozzle, and ignition of the starting charge is carried by a central gazovoda prechamber.