RU2312026C2 - Auxiliary all-terrain device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to additional devices aimed at increasing cross-country capacity of vehicles. proposed device contains rubber belt with studs fitted from top and studs or tracks from bottom. Said upper and lower studs or tracks are attached to rubber belt by bolts with nuts or are riveted by means of metal straps applied to surface (bottom-top) of rubber belt with holes, rivets and washers. Rubber belt is made for fastening on wheel. For this purpose belt is divided into sections in which one of joints is made by bolt with nut fitted in rings and second joint is provided by springs with grips. Moreover, belts or additional springs with grips are provided on sections for fastening sections of belt on wheel disk.

EFFECT: increased cross-country capacity of vehicle, improved convenience in use.

11 dwg

Description

This invention relates to auxiliary road devices for improving the cross-country ability, all-terrain vehicles on heavy soils of roads, such as dirt, marshy soil, mud pits, potholes, clay, chernozem (fields), wetland forest roads, sand, snow, ice and others soil obstacles on the road. The device is intended for the driver of the car as a means at hand, so that, getting stuck on the road in an impassable place, he could leave, using this auxiliary device to continue the movement of his car.

This device consists of a canvas (rug), mainly rubber, on which spikes or caterpillars are mounted, which provide the ability to overcome heavy soils of bad and very bad roads. The auxiliary rubber web is universal and will provide cross-country ability for both cars and trucks of all types and classes, including off-road heavy tractors and trucks. It all depends on the width, length, thickness of the auxiliary canvas (rug), the size of its spikes or tracks. The prototype and analog of this auxiliary roadway (rug) are special chains worn on the wheels of cars to overcome heavy soil roads. But the chains worn on the car wheels are heavy and inconvenient to operate, they do not fit snugly on the tire tires, they jump off, wrinkle and tear the tires of the car wheels, slip on the ground, as they have an ellipsoid rounded shape and cannot grip firmly on the ground. Chains are used only because there were simply no other means to help the car while driving bad roads before the invention of the auxiliary roadbed (rug).

Auxiliary roadbed (rug) has many advantages:

1) it is convenient in operation - it is placed under the driving (or all) wheels of the stuck car, the obstacle is overcome, the mats are folded and put into the cab;

2) the weight of the auxiliary road device (mat) is 10-12 times less than the weight of the iron chains, it can be made not only from rubber, but also from thick (double, triple) tarpaulins, artificial leather, composite materials - technical nylon, nylon and others - in this case, the weight of the product will decrease by an order of magnitude, but the strength will remain very high;

3) the main and main advantage of the auxiliary cloth (rug) is that, having a cloth (mat) in length and width, which depend on the type and load capacity of the car, the upper spikes or tracks, on which the mass of the car presses through the tire of the wheel, and under the influence of this pressure they are pressed into the tire, the canvas (mat) has lower spikes or tracks, which are pressed into the ground through the mass of the car through the wheel and thus adhere very tightly to the ground and the tread (tire) of the car wheel, which creates the vehicle’s roadability and patency as a result of the uniqueness of the interaction of the upper and lower spikes (tracks) of the auxiliary web (mat) with the car wheel and soil at the same time;

4) if necessary, to overcome a large stretch of bad road (dirt, sand, ice, etc.) a rubber mat (and there must be at least two, and preferably four) can be put on the tire of the wheel, securing it with a special device, after overcoming the badly passable section of the road the mat is easily removed from the tire wheels.

NOTE: the dimensions of the mat for different types of vehicles must correspond to the width of the wheel tire width (150, 200, 300 mm), and the length to the diameter of the wheel (800, 1200, 1500 mm, etc.).

The device, technology, assembly and operation of the auxiliary road device (floor mat) - canvases with spikes and tracks.

Figure 1-11 shows the device and the features of the technology and assembly of the auxiliary road device - the canvas (floor mat) with spikes and tracks. The main thing is that a unique technical solution has been found for the adhesion principle, as the basis for the trouble-free and very reliable operation of the invention - an auxiliary, all-terrain vehicle cross-country vehicle, and a device. This is shown in Fig. 8 is the mass pressure of the load of the car wheel on the mat with spikes and in Fig. 9 is the mass pressure of the load of the car wheel on the mat with tracks. A car wheel standing on a rug with spikes or caterpillars presses on the upper spikes or caterpillars (the upper spikes or caterpillars should not be blunt, but sharp too, so as not to puncture the tire of the car with a rubber chamber, they should press into the tire cover and tightly in these pressures to be kept) of the mat — the mass pressure of the load of the car wheel — is transmitted to the lower spikes or tracks, and they firmly and reliably engage with the ground and allow the car wheel to move along the mat, go to a good section of the road.

Figure 1-8, in principle, shows the device mat with spikes:

1 - a rubber sheet, the length, for example, according to the diameter of the wheel is 1200 mm, the width is equal to the width of the tire is 120 mm, the thickness of the rubber of the mat is 15 mm;

2 - lower spikes - 15 mm, upper - 10 mm for car wheels with a diameter of 1200 mm, for larger car wheels, the spikes are correspondingly larger;

3 - bolts securing the spikes to the rubber mat;

4 - metal strips at the top and bottom of the rubber mat, with holes for stud bolts.

Metal strips play a very important role in the auxiliary road device - they provide structural rigidity, its reliability. They are located across the mat, in the width of it. This provides the maneuver (movement) of the rug during the work of coupling the lower spikes of the rug with the ground, with its bumps, bumps and lowlands.

NOTE: stiffeners are placed on the mat only across it, i.e. wide, but it is impossible to set the stiffness bars in the length of the rug, because then the mat will not adhere firmly to the ground and will bend under the weight of the mass of the load. The well-bendable staircase construction of the rubber mat provides reliable operation with lateral stiffness.

Figure 2 shows the assembled rubber mat for light vehicles. Figure 4 - rubber mat for heavy vehicles. And also in figure 2, figure 4 shows how to place the spikes on the mat - in rows (on top-bottom strips) at an equal distance in length and width.

Figure 3 shows the device of a rubber mat with spikes, which consists of:

1 - from a cloth of rubber. The rubber used for the mat, from which tires are made of car wheels. If you need to get a particularly durable rubber mat, then use any silicone rubber (rubber-silicone), they have very high strength, heat resistance, frost resistance and have the technical qualities of the best elastic rubber and certain metal qualities;

2 - upper and lower spikes. Spikes are made of metal - alloy steels or ordinary, such as 30KhGSA and others. Spikes are made in width, length, depending on the type of car: passenger, freight, off-road. The lower studs are sharp to better grip the ground, the upper studs have a rounded end to prevent them from piercing the tire with the rubber chamber. A spike is a quadrangular cone;

3 - bolts securing the spikes to the surface of the canvas.

NOTE: the spikes are made and attached to the canvas in 2 versions, based on the possibilities of their production more profitable, cheaper:

1) the spikes, as shown in figure 3, are made together with a strap (metal). On the bar between the spikes, the holes in the strips are top-bottom, these strips with spikes and holes are superimposed on the canvas - top-bottom and pulled together with bolts and nuts - Figs. 3-5. Planks with holes and spikes are superimposed on the mat and fixed on the plank holes, always with metal rivets, the washers must be placed on their ends so that the rivets hold securely;

2) the option of attaching the spikes to the mat canvas is carried out, as shown in Fig.10. Figure 3-4 fastening bolts or studs of rivets fastening the rubber sheet with spikes. Figure 3-5 - metal strips are superimposed on the surface (top-bottom) of the canvas, have holes and are bolted or riveted with washers with washers at the ends.

Figure 5 shows the roadbed - a rubber mat, which is connected in sections (the driver should have four rugs, under the four wheels of the car, which is most appropriate):

1) in order to lengthen, if necessary, a rubber mat under one or two wheels and overcome a bad section of the road;

2) put a rubber mat on the tire if it does not match the diameter of the wheel.

The sections of the rubber mat are connected using (as shown in figure 5) the entry of one ring into another - a bolt is inserted (into the hole of the rings) and screwed with a nut. The second connection of the rubber mat sections is the springs at the ends of the sections, they are connected to each other with grippers (hooks), the section with the section, firmly and reliably, the springs pull the sections and hold them firmly on the tire cover. And a car with blanket rugs can travel a considerable distance. The sections are provided with belts (artificial leather, tarpaulin, etc.) with buckles that are threaded into the holes of the wheel housing (drums, disks) and fastened there, as shown in Fig.6 and Fig.8 and 9. The second method of fastening sections to the wheel housing - springs that are fastened with grippers (hooks) (inserted into the finished holes along the edges of the rugs of the mat) to the edges of the sections of the rubber mat and then are fastened with grippers (hooks at the ends of the spring) of the spring to the holes of the wheel housing (drums, disks).

11 shows a device roadway (rubber mat) with tracks. The length, width of the mat of this design also depends on the width and diameter of the tire wheels.

NOTE: caterpillars or spikes of the device of the roadbed (mat) - the upper ones are smaller in height and the lower ones are larger.

11 - 1 - a rubber sheet is made from ordinary rubber, which is used in the manufacture of car tires, or from silicone rubber, more durable. The width, thickness, length of the mat depends on the width and diameter of the wheel. The rug can also be made of a thick, durable tarpaulin, with stitching of stiffening strips made of composite materials into it (plastic-epoxy compound, as strong as metal). 11 - 2 - tracks are made of metal, steel - any, including 30HGSA and others. The caterpillar has platforms for connecting to the track using bolts or rivets, and it also has support platforms on the sides wide, with which the caterpillar is attached to the track. 11 - 3 - a bolt with a nut or a rivet rod with a washer for attaching the tracks to the canvas. 11 - 4 - strips on which (tracked or poured) caterpillar sections (one caterpillar) are made and placed on the canvas, as shown in Fig.6.

The canvas (rubber mat) with caterpillars, as well as with spikes, can and should be worn on the wheel, as described above, using fastening belts and springs with grippers, as shown in Fig. 7.

On Fig - putting a rubber mat with spikes under the car wheel.

In Fig.9 - putting a rubber mat with tracks under the car wheel.

Figure 10 shows the connection of the spikes with bolts (and not with rivets, the method is selected if necessary). An internal thread is made in the upper spike and lower spike. A rod is made (a bolt without heads) with an external thread at the ends. During assembly, holes for the rods are made in the rubber sheet, then metal strips with holes for the spikes (rows of spikes) are taken, the strips are superimposed on the bottom and top, pins are inserted into the holes (bolts without heads) and the upper and lower studs are screwed onto them, then . The device is durable and reliable in operation.

The work of the road auxiliary device - a rubber sheet (rug) with spikes and tracks.

The principles of operation of the rubber mat to ensure all-terrain and cross-country vehicles are shown in Figs. 8 and 9. The mass of the car's load presses the wheel. The tire tire tread presses on the spikes (tracks), they are pressed into the tire rubber, providing a very stable grip on the wheel tire tires with the upper spikes (tracks) of the rubber mat. The mass pressure of the car load is transmitted through the upper spikes of the rubber mat to the lower. The mass pressure of the car load presses the lower spikes to the ground, spikes (tracks) enter the ground, thus providing a very stable grip of the rubber mat with the ground and the tire of the car wheel. This very stable grip of the wheel and the ground ensures the all-terrain and cross-country ability of car wheels through obstacles on highways. And the cycles of the rubber mat are repeated repeatedly. A car driver using a rubber mat can easily overcome any obstacle on the road - snow drift, swamp soil, ice, forest roads, clay, sand, etc. Having such an all-terrain vehicle and cross-country device, motorists will save time and money.

Claims (1)

An auxiliary road device containing a rubber sheet and spikes, characterized in that spikes are mounted on top of the rubber sheet and spikes or tracks on the bottom, the upper and lower spikes or tracks being attached to the rubber sheet using bolts with nuts or riveted with metal strips, superimposed on the surface (bottom-top) of the rubber web with holes, rivets with washers, while the rubber web is configured to be mounted on a wheel, for which the web is divided into sections, one and of the connections of which is made by means of a bolt with a nut inserted into the existing rings, and the second connection is by means of springs with grippers, in addition, the sections are provided with belts or additional springs with grippers for securing the web sections to the wheel disk.

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