RU2312028C2 - All-terrain device for vehicle wheels - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering.

SUBSTANCE: proposed device has put-on device made in form of belt with studs secured on belt from top and tracks or studs secured on belt from bottom through holes in belt by bolts or rivets. It contains also spring holders attached to edge of belt of put-on device, made in form of strap with studs, on top of which spring lock of constant direction is arranged to force spring holder into tire rubber. Said spring holders are fastened to eyes in wheel body by belts or springs. Put-on device is of detachable design. Tracks or studs of put-on all-terrain device are made of rubber or metal, and belt of put-on device is made of rubber or composite materials, such as caprone or nylon or synthetic high-polymer material.

EFFECT: improved reliability of fastening put-on device on wheel and improved adhesion of wheels.

3 cl, 7 dwg

Description

This invention relates to automobile vehicles as universal, can be applied in practice to all types of automobile wheels and automobiles - trucks, cars, motor vehicles and off-road heavy vehicles as an all-terrain device for overcoming obstacles on roads with heavy soils - wet clay, black soil (fields ), swamp soil, mud, sand, snow, ice, forest roads, as well as to overcome pits, hills and other heavy sections of roads. The prototype of an all-terrain roving device is chains worn on car wheels to overcome heavy soil roads, but they do not solve the problem of off-road, because round or elepsoid chains do not fit snugly on the tires of car wheels, tear and crush them, and most importantly do not have a firm grip when the car is moving with the ground - this is their main drawback.

DEVICE, DESIGN, PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY, ASSEMBLY, DISASSEMBLY AND OPERATION OF "ATV - TRACKS OR SPIKES FOR CAR WHEELS №19"

This device is shown in figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. The spikes or tracks on the device and design can be collapsible, consisting of separate interconnected sections, as shown in figure 3, or solid :

1) collapsible designed to be put on the wheels of a car with double rear (drive) wheels (axles), as shown in Fig.6. According to the length, taking into account the distance between the wheels, the width of the tire and their diameter (1200 mm, for example), a sleeve device is assembled from the sections and put on two wheels at once on the left of the car and on the right. You can put the device on the front wheels (driving and non-driving), as well as separately on the front or rear wheels;

2) the continuous device (continuous) can be shown in FIG. 1 with a constant length of the device’s rubber web - 1200, 1500 mm, etc., i.e. a constant device size for specific car wheels is set. In Fig.1 - 1 - a rubber sheet (for example, 1200 mm) in diameter of the wheel, its thickness (optimal) - 20 mm (19.5 or 18.5 mm) is made from rubber, which is used in the manufacture of tires of automobile wheels. It is advisable to use silicone rubber - heat-resistant, frost-resistant, elastic, with the technical characteristics of rubber and metal for the production of the device’s web. Selikon rubber - the best technological material for the manufacture of the fabric of the union device - spikes or tracks. For the manufacture of a cross-country device’s canvas, cheaper materials can be used - nylon, nylon, kosheron, thirlon, CBM (special strength), Kevlar, etc. The manufacturing technology of the device blade is as follows - a rubber sheet is taken in length equal to the diameter of the wheel (1200, 1500 mm, etc.), in width of the width of the tire of the car wheel (100, 120, 200 mm, etc.), cut or made in molds at a tire factory. Holes are made in the canvas for mounting studs or tracks with bolts or rivets. It is very desirable to make the fabric (rubber) at the tire factory, convex around the circumference of the diameter of the wheels, so that it fits snugly onto the tread (tire) of the tire of the round rubber wheel - this is one of the main requirements for the all-terrain device to grip the tire and the ground. The denser the all-terrain device will adhere to the tire tire, the stronger the grip of the all-terrain device with the wheel and soil will be.

The principle of operation of an all-terrain device — capy tires or tracks on car wheels — the rubber web at the bottom and at the top has spikes at the top and spikes or tracks at the bottom. The upper spikes, when the mass of the load is loaded onto the wheel, are pressed into the tire rubber, adhering to it firmly. The lower spikes or tracks under pressure from the mass of the cargo are pressed into the ground, thus the all-terrain device cohesion - the upper spikes with the rubber (tire) of the tire, the lower spikes or tracks with the ground. As a result, a firm grip of the wheels and the all-terrain device is a reliable condition for the wheel and the all-terrain device to work.

NOTE: the web for an all-terrain device can be made from composites - from fiber and yarn of materials such as nylon, nylon, kosheron, CBM (especially durable). A web is made of these materials (fiber or yarn is pressed) along the wheel contour for an all-terrain device. A web made of composites (cheaper than rubber) is wrapped with a thick polyethylene tape (since water is undesirable), sewn in two layers of a thick tarpaulin (silicone-based varnish No. 916K is applied to the tarpaulin so that it is stronger and does not get wet), then holes are made for reinforcement cross-country device. On the finished rubber sheet with the corresponding holes, parts of the all-terrain device are mounted. Metal strips are superimposed on the canvas (across the canvas in width). The strips with holes are made separately, the spikes are also made separately, and then the lower and upper strips, superimposed on the canvas, are fastened with a bolt-rod (without a head), the external thread at both ends, and the internal threads on the spikes. The rods are inserted into the holes of the strips (top-bottom) and the spikes are screwed onto the bolt-rod, tightened and locked through the holes in the rod and the spike. The second way - spikes (are cast) and holes are grooved on the strips, then the strips are connected through the canvas (top-bottom) with bolts and nuts inserted into the holes of the strips, they are tightened and countered. Or rivets with washers are inserted into the holes of the strips and they are riveted (cheaper, but also firmly). Caterpillars are made only on the bottom of the canvas with slopes (slats), in which there are holes on the sides of the caterpillar hook. A bar with spikes (upper to the tire of the wheel) and a caterpillar segment are taken, top-bottom is superimposed and fastened with bolts and nuts or riveted with rivets and washers. The strips are located only across the canvas so that they fit snugly against the tire of the wheel.

Figure 1 - 2 - a round rubber car wheel, on which an all-terrain canopy device is put on - spikes or tracks.

Figure 1 - 3 - the upper spikes of an all-terrain device, they are pressed under the mass-load into the tire tire and provide traction with the tire wheel.

Figure 1 - 4 - lower spikes or tracks, they are under mass load tightly adhere to the ground of the road and provide cross-country ability.

Thus, the upper spikes hold the wheel tire firmly, and the lower spikes or tracks, pressing into the ground, provide all-terrain vehicle wheels.

Figure 1 - 5 is the tread of the tire (tire) of the tire, the upper spikes are pressed into it and provide a firm grip of the tire (wheel) with the ground.

Figures 1 - 6 - spring clips are attached to the sides of the web of the all-terrain device (Fig. 7) in order to firmly hold the web of the all-terrain device on the tire of the car wheel as a duplicate means, the design is so designed that the spike or caterpillar track device when the car wheels are always moving the help of the upper and lower spikes will be firmly held on a car wheel.

Figure 1 - 7 - spring lock directional action only down - presses the spikes of the spring clips (1-6) into the rubber of the tire wheels.

Figure 1 - 8 - tire rubber round rubber.

Figure 1 - 9 - the body (drum, disk) of the car wheel.

Figure 1 - 10 - the spring is irretrievable, presses the clamps only down and presses them into the rubber of the tire wheels.

Figure 1 - 11 - mount in the wheel housing on the axle.

Figure 1 - 12 - mounting the power ring of the tire to the housing.

Figure 1 - 13 - the eyes in the body (drum, disk) car wheels (not all, but most).

Figure 1 - 14 - belts, cables (cords, etc.) attaching spring clips to the eyes (holes) of the body (drum) of the car. This is additional duplicate means, so that all-terrain cross-country devices are firmly (motionless) held steady while the wheel is moving.

Figure 1 - 15 - holes in the strips and a place for bolts and rivets with washers.

Figure 2 shows a segment (section) of an all-terrain mobile device with tracks, their location and mount.

Figure 3 shows a fragment of a collapsible union device spikes or tracks and how they are attached to each other. Fastening of the ends of the flare device - to the ends with a constant length (wheel diameter) or sections, the rings are attached with metal strips and riveted with washers. The rings of one end are single, the rings of the other end are double. Single rings are inserted into double rings (with a preload of the canopy device), a bolt with a nut is inserted into their holes, which is twisted and locked. This section mount is very reliable. You can also use very reliable combination locks - the bracket pounces on the holder, and the lock case is locked with wire.

Figure 4 shows a fragment of a cape device with a spring holder. This back-up device is designed to hold the sleeve device firmly. The spring holder (Fig. 4 and Fig. 7) has a bar inside (to the tire rubber - Fig. 7), small spikes are made together with the bar or attached separately. At the top of the bar there is a spring lock of a constant orientation, i.e. has a spring holder to the tire and presses it into the tire rubber. It is attached to the edge (in diameter of the wheel) of the web of the cap device and helps to ensure that the cap device is held tightly on the wheel.

Figure 5 shows a fragment of the lower caterpillar (to the ground), the location of the ground hooks - caterpillars, their fastening at the ends and the middle with bolts with nuts or rivets with washers.

Figure 6 shows how a sleeve device is assembled from sections of the casing device and placed immediately on the two leading rear wheels of the car — less pressure on the ground — more all-terrain vehicle.

If necessary, spikes or tracks can be made of both metal and rubber, the design and manufacturing technology of the ring device allows this to be done. Rubber tires or tracks should preferably be made from silicone rubber, as they are very durable.

1. Rubber studs (as well as metal ones) are made with an internal thread and screwed onto the stud bolts without heads and nuts having an external thread at both ends, and so are attached to the all-terrain union device web. Rubber spikes are made in tire factories - they are poured in molds.

2. Rubber caterpillars are also made at tire factories with fastening strips in the same way as metal, are fastened with bolts and nuts or riveted to the product web with rivets and washers, in three places - along the edges and in the middle of the caterpillar strap.

WORK OF THE ATV - COUPLING SPIKES OR TRACK №19

The all-terrain off-road device of the spikes or caterpillars is ensured by the fact that the upper spikes located on the top of the canvas begin to work under the influence of mass-load on the wheel, pressing firmly into the tire tire tread (tread), thus creating a very strong grip of the upper spikes with the wheel tire (rubber) tire wheels. Mass pressure - the vehicle’s load on the wheel is transmitted by the upper spikes through the cover device to the lower spikes or tracks, which, having absorbed the mass load, are pressed into the ground, thus ensuring strong adhesion of the upper spikes to the rubber of the tire of the wheel, and the lower spikes or tracks to soil. This unique design fully ensures the all-terrain vehicle rubber wheels. When it moves, the cap device, fitting the tire cover, is very firmly attached to the wheel, providing stable and reliable operation of the wheel. So, the cycles of the wheel with an all-terrain device when the car is moving are repeated many times. Such a car wheel with an all-terrain device is passable everywhere (snow, sand, ice, etc.), ensures the movement of the car on heavy soils.

NOTE: 1) if the cloth of the cap device is made (poured) at the tire factory (in molds), then it is made round in diameter of the wheel with a constant length equal to the diameter of the wheel, or a section for a collapsible cap device and it fits snugly along all diameter to the tire of the wheel;

2) if the all-terrain all-terrain device is made of straight rubber - cloth, so that it fits tightly on the tire of the wheel, it is necessary to attach the lap to the main fabric (section or wheel diameter constant in length), cutting triangles through it 40-50 mm, gluing it together their corners with silicone-organic glue, epoxy glue or other polymer adhesives, the inlet will fit snugly to the tire of the wheel. To the web of the all-terrain device, the inlet is fixed with silicon-organic glue (or other polymer adhesives) or riveted to the edges. This technology of manufacturing the fabric of the cap device makes it very durable and cheap.

Claims (3)

1. An all-terrain device for automobile wheels, comprising a cap device, characterized in that the cap device is made in the form of a web with spikes fixed on it from above and caterpillars or spikes attached below through bolt holes or rivets through the holes in the web, spring holders attached to the edge of the web of the cap device and made in the form of a bar with spikes, on top of which there is a spring lock of a constant orientation for pressing the spring holder into the tire rubber, while the spring holders ikrepleny to car wheels lugs in the housing by means of belts or springs. 2. An all-terrain device for car wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that the cap device is made collapsible. 3. The all-terrain device for automobile wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that the tracks or spikes of the all-terrain canister device are made of rubber or metal, and the canopy device web is made of rubber or composites - capron, or nylon, or CBM.

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