RU2307991C1 - Firearm with integral-type muffler - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hand firearm with a cluster of barrels and muffler, mainly double-barreled revolvers with a plane drum.

SUBSTANCE: the weapon has a barrel and at least one expanding chamber-duct for silencing the sound of exhaust of powder gases located in parallel with the bore and communicating with the latter by means of minimum one by-pass channel. At least one expanding chamber-duct is made in the form of a barrel for alternate and/or selective fire from the weapon barrels.

EFFECT: improved operating characteristics of the firearm, and mainly, mass-dimensional indices and the level of barrel heating during fire.

15 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to handguns with a package of trunks and a silencer, mainly to double-barrel revolvers with a flat drum.

There are many constructive solutions for silencing the sound of a shot (expansion type, including multi-chamber; mechanical type; with gas cut-off; the so-called integral weapon, which is structurally integral with the silencer, and, finally, the original ones) [1].

At the same time, multi-barrel firearms, including handguns (hunting rifles and rifles, pistols), have long been known and do not lose their relevance [2].

Weapons of a revolving type are also known with a disk drum having a horizontal transverse axis of rotation located below the axes of the barrel channels, with several chambers for ammunition spaced apart from each other with the same angular pitch, each of which is in a combat position aligned with the barrel channel [3]. This new type of weapon proposed by the authors also includes a double-barreled version - with a double-row disc drum and with cameras, each of which in a combat position is aligned with the barrel channel of the corresponding row [4].

The closest in purpose and technical essence to the claimed device is a handgun with an integrated (expansion) type silencer (specifically, an integral weapon of the Edwin Roch system, Swiss company Hammerli AG, 1969), containing a barrel and two expansion chamber channels for damping the sound of the outflow of powder gases located parallel to the bore (symmetrically) and communicating with the latter through the bypass channels (holes) [5].

It is made single-barrel, and expansion chambers-channels (identical) are made according to the classical design of silencers with expansion chambers and are coated with sound-absorbing material from the inside. Moreover, the expansion chamber and the barrel, of course, are not the same: they are structurally and functionally distinct from each other.

However, for all its merits, such a technical solution limits the possibility of constructing a more compact and light weapon, and leaves reserves for its improvement.

The task to which the claimed invention is directed is to improve the technical and operational characteristics of firearms with an integral type silencer: to improve its overall dimensions while maintaining the degree of reduction of the sound level of a shot, or to reduce the level of sound while maintaining the overall dimensions of the prototype weapon, to improve the temperature regime ( decrease in heating when shooting).

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that in a firearm with an integral-type silencer containing a barrel and at least one expansion chamber-channel for damping the sound of the expiration of powder gases, located parallel to the barrel channel and communicating with the latter through at least one bypass channel, at least one expansion chamber channel is made in the form of a barrel with the possibility of alternating and / or selective firing from weapon trunks.

The solution of this problem is also achieved due to additional features (with the above main set of features):

- the weapon may contain two barrels, the channels of which are communicated with each other through the bypass channels, through at least one common expansion chamber-channel for them;

- with the previous set of features, the longitudinal axis of the trunks and the expansion chamber-barrel can be located with the formation in the cross section of the arms of an isosceles triangle;

- with the previous set of features, the expansion chamber channel can be made with a rectangular cross section;

- it can also have means of heat absorption and / or reduction of the kinetic energy of powder gases;

- at the first of the listed sets of additional features, the longitudinal axis of the trunks and the expansion chamber channels located symmetrically to the left and right of them can form a rhombus in the cross section of the weapon;

- with the previous set of features, expansion chamber channels can have means of heat absorption and / or reduction of the kinetic energy of powder gases;

- with the second of the listed sets of additional features, the weapon can be made with a two-row disk drum having a horizontal transverse axis of rotation located below the axis of the barrel channels, and with several ammunition chambers spaced apart from each other with the same angular pitch, each of which is in a combat position coaxial to the bore of its row;

- the weapon can be double-barreled, with each of the trunks communicating with at least one additional expansion chamber-channel, which is not a barrel;

- with the previous set of signs, the trunks can be located in the horizontal plane, and the expansion chamber channel is located above the trunks with the formation of an isosceles triangle in the cross section of the weapon;

- with the previous set of features, the expansion chamber channel can be made with a rectangular cross section;

- it can also have means of heat absorption and / or reduction of the kinetic energy of powder gases;

- with the eighth of the listed sets of additional features, the trunks can be located in a vertical plane, and symmetrically to the left and right of them are two additional expansion chambers-channels with the formation in the cross section of the rhombus weapon;

- with the previous set of features, expansion chamber channels can have means of heat absorption and / or reduction of the kinetic energy of powder gases;

- with the ninth of the listed sets of additional features, the weapon can be made with a two-row disk drum having a horizontal transverse axis of rotation located below the axis of the channels, with several chambers for ammunition spaced apart from each other with the same angular pitch, each of which is in combat position aligned with the channel the trunk of its row.

Among the known devices and methods, no such combination of essential features would coincide with the declared one. At the same time, it is precisely due to the claimed sets of essential features that a new technical result is achieved in accordance with the task.

The inventive firearm with an integral type silencer is illustrated by examples in the drawings: figure 1 schematically shows the simplest version of a double-barreled weapon with a silencer-barrel, a cross section through the receiver (barrel package); figure 2 schematically shows a double-barreled weapon of a revolving type design authors, with a disk drum, side view with a partial cut; figure 3 is the same, a cross section through the receiver (package of trunks), an option with an intermediate superbarrel expansion chamber; figure 4 schematically shows, as a variant of the device, the relative position of two trunks (horizontally), two expansion chamber channels and bypass channels within the receiver (trunk package); figure 5 schematically shows, as another variant of the device, the relative position of two trunks (vertically), two expansion chamber channels and bypass channels within the receiver (trunk package).

The inventive firearm with a silencer integral type contains at least two barrels, in this preferred embodiment, two barrels - 1 and 2, with parallel longitudinal axes (3 and 4, respectively) of their channels. In this case, the weapon is made with the possibility of alternating and / or selective firing from the trunks 1, 2. Trunks 1, 2 are installed (or drilled) in the receiver 5. In other words, both barrels are made in the block.

In the simplest version of the device (see Fig. 1), channels 3 and 5 are communicated with each other by means of one or more bypass channels 6 (first of all, immediately after the chamber). With the right choice of the number, size and relative position of the elements of the “barrel 1 - channel (s) 6 - barrel 2” system, the “not firing” barrel (at the moment of firing from an adjacent, “firing” barrel) is an expansion chamber-channel for suppressing the sound of the expiration powder gases. Thus, the expansion chamber and the barrel are made identical and combined structurally and functionally.

In another embodiment, proposed by the authors for implementation in the first place (see Fig. 2, 3), the channels of the trunks 1, 2 are not communicated with each other directly, but through at least one common expansion chamber-channel 7 , which is not a barrel and, therefore, is an additional expansion chamber-channel (structurally and functionally - only a muffler). For such an interconnection of trunks 1, 2, the channels of the latter are communicated with the camera-channel 7 by means of other bypass channels - 8 and 9, respectively (see Fig. 3). In this case, the relative position of the elements 7-9 and the "architecture" of the possible "filling" of the camera channel 7 (see below) are preferably made with the possibility of passage of powder gases coming, for example, from channel 8 to channel 9, almost along the entire length of the camera channel 7 (with a loop-like movement - with a factor of two or more).

In this case, in principle, it is possible to save and bypass channels 6 (see Fig.4, 5).

Further particular design features and their combination are given for any of the last two options (only with bypass channels 8, 9 or bypass channels 6, 8, 9).

In the embodiment of FIGS. 2-4, the longitudinal axes 3, 4 of the trunks are located in a horizontal plane, and the camera channel is located above them, so that the axes 3, 4 and the longitudinal axis 10 of the camera channel 7 form an isosceles triangle in the cross section of the weapon.

In the alternative embodiment of FIG. 5, the axles 3, 4 of the trunks are located in a vertical plane, and symmetrically to the left and right of the trunks are two expansion chamber channels, respectively 7 and 11, with a longitudinal axis 12, so that the longitudinal axes 3, 4, 10, 12 form a rhombus in cross section of the weapon.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 2, 3, the camera channel 7 located above the trunks is made with a rectangular cross section, which is optimal for layout reasons.

The camera channels 7, 12 have means of heat absorption and / or reduction of the kinetic energy of powder gases, for example, aluminum shavings (by analogy with well-known silencing devices).

In all the examples given, the expansion chamber channels 7, 11 are structurally combined (grouped) in a single unit with trunks 1, 2 (in the receiver 5).

The claimed technical solution for the organization of silencing the sound of expiring powder gases is considered, first of all, in the appendix to the revolvers developed by the authors with a "flat", disc drum, combining the advantages of revolvers and pistols (more precisely, its double-barreled version). The weapon is made (see Fig. 2, 3) with a double-row disk drum 13 having a horizontal transverse axis of rotation 14 located below the axles 3, 4 of the barrel channels 1, 2, with several ammunition chambers 15 spaced apart from each other with the same angular pitch , each of which in a combat position is aligned with the bore 1 (2) of its row.

Other particular embodiments of the methods and devices are possible within the claimed combination of essential features.

The device operates as follows.

In the device of FIG. 1, when fired, for example, from barrel 1, powder gases, having fallen from the chamber into the channel of barrel 1, partially flow through the bypass channel (s) 6 into neighboring barrel 2, which in this case is, in fact , expansion chamber, single-chamber expansion silencer. Naturally, in this case, the gases expand and cool, mixing with air in the bore 2, as a result of which the sound level slightly decreases.

A subsequent shot, for example, from the barrel 2 is accompanied by the overflow of part of the powder gases through the same (same) bypass channel (s) 6 into the channel of the barrel 1, which leads to the effect of silencing the sound of the shot, similar to that described above.

In the device of FIGS. 2-4, when firing, for example, from a barrel 1, powder gases, having fallen from the chamber into the barrel channel 1, partially flow through the bypass channel (s) 8 into the expansion chamber channel 7 (“specialized”, not a trunk). In this case, the first stage of silencing the sound of the shot occurs. If there is a “filling” in the chamber-channel 7, for example, aluminum shavings, the jamming effect in the first stage increases for known reasons. Further, through the bypass channel (s) 9, the gases partially mixed with the air of the chamber 7, at reduced pressure and temperature, flow into the neighboring barrel 2. Here a second, less intense stage of sound suppression occurs as already described above.

A subsequent shot, for example, from the barrel 2 is accompanied by the overflow of part of the powder gases through the same (same) bypass channel (s) 9 into the expansion chamber channel 7 and then into the channel of the barrel 1, i.e. in reverse order with a similar jamming effect.

If along with channels 8, 9 there is a channel 6 (see FIG. 4), powder gases, having fallen from the chamber into the barrel channel, flow simultaneously into the expansion chamber-channel 7 (and then into another barrel). The effect quantitatively depends on the selection of the ratio between the number, the bore and the distance from the chamber (barrel cut) of channels 8, 9 and 6.

When salvo firing, jamming occurs almost due to the "specialized" camera channel 7.

In the more complex circuit of FIG. 5, there are no fundamental differences in the process of damping sound, in comparison with the circuit of FIG. 4. There is a trivial increase in the effectiveness of the muffler due to the simultaneous use of two "specialized" camera channels - 10 and 11.

When salvo firing, jamming occurs almost due to the "specialized" camera channels 10, 11.

The use of the invention allows to improve the technical and operational characteristics of firearms with an integral type silencer due to the bifunctionality of its barrels: the latter alternately perform an additional function - the only or additional (options) expansion chamber of the device for silencing the sound of powder gases flowing from the chamber. The bifunctionality of the barrels determines either an improvement in the overall dimensions of the integral weapon while maintaining the degree of reduction in the sound level of the shot, or, conversely, a decrease in the level of sound while maintaining the overall dimensions of the prototype weapon. In addition, the temperature regime improves (the level of heating during shooting decreases).

Information sources

1. Ardashev A.N. Special, unusual, exotic weapons: Illustrated guide. / A.N. Ardashev, S.L. Fedoseev. - M .: Astrel Publishing House LLC: ACT Publishing House LLC, 2001. - 320 pp., Ill. (Military equipment). - S. 16-97.

2. Ibid., S.64-65, 286-290.

3. RU 2214576, F41C 1/00, 25/10, 09/27/2002.

4. Application No. 2005121738/02, F41C 1/00, 25/10, 11/02, 07/11/2005.

5. Ardashev A.N. Special, unusual, exotic weapons: Illustrated guide. / A.N. Ardashev, S.L. Fedoseev. - M .: Astrel Publishing House LLC: ACT Publishing House LLC, 2001. - 320 pp., Ill. (Military equipment). - S. 34, 36, fig. on p. 36 (prototype).

Claims (15)

1. Firearms with an integral type silencer, comprising a barrel and at least one expansion chamber-channel for damping the sound of the expiration of powder gases, located parallel to the barrel channel and communicating with the latter through at least one bypass channel, characterized in that at least one the expansion chamber channel is made in the form of a barrel, with the possibility of alternating and / or selective firing from the gun barrels. 2. The weapon according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains two barrels, the channels of which are communicated with each other through the bypass channels, through at least one common expansion chamber channel for them. 3. The weapon according to claim 2, characterized in that the longitudinal axis of the trunks and the expansion chamber-barrel are located with the formation in the cross section of the weapon of an isosceles triangle. 4. The weapon according to claim 3, characterized in that the expansion chamber channel is made with a rectangular cross section. 5. The weapon according to claim 3, characterized in that the expansion chamber channel has means of heat absorption and / or reduction of the kinetic energy of the powder gases. 6. The weapon according to claim 2, characterized in that the longitudinal axis of the trunks and the expansion chamber channels located symmetrically to the left and right of them form a rhombus in the cross section of the weapon. 7. The weapon according to claim 6, characterized in that the expansion chamber channels have means of heat absorption and / or reduction of the kinetic energy of the powder gases. 8. The weapon according to claim 3, characterized in that it is made with a double-row disk drum having a horizontal transverse axis of rotation located below the axis of the barrel channels, and with several ammunition chambers spaced apart from each other with the same angular pitch, each of which in a combat position, it is aligned with the trunk channel of its row. 9. The weapon according to claim 1, characterized in that it is double-barreled, with each of the barrels communicating with at least one additional expansion chamber-channel, which is not a barrel. 10. The weapon according to claim 9, characterized in that the trunks are located in a horizontal plane, and the expansion chamber channel is located above the trunks with the formation of an isosceles triangle in the cross section of the weapon. 11. The weapon of claim 10, characterized in that the expansion chamber channel is made with a rectangular cross section. 12. The weapon of claim 10, characterized in that the expansion chamber channel has means of heat absorption and / or reduction of the kinetic energy of the powder gases. 13. The weapon according to claim 9, characterized in that the trunks are located in a vertical plane, and symmetrically to the left and to the right of them are two additional expansion chamber channels with the formation of a rhombus weapon in the cross section. 14. The weapon according to item 13, wherein the expansion chamber channels have means of heat absorption and / or reduction of the kinetic energy of the powder gases. 15. The weapon of claim 10, characterized in that it is made with a two-row disk drum having a horizontal transverse axis of rotation located below the axis of the channels, with several ammunition chambers spaced apart from each other with the same angular pitch, each of which is in a combat position coaxial to the bore of its row.

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