RU2630044C1 - Revolver with ring-shaped drum - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapon and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: revolver contains a body with a handle, a barrel installed in it, a drum with bullet chambers, a locking device, mechanisms for turning and locking the drum in deployed positions, a cocking mechanism, a recharging device. The drum with the axis of stepwise rotation is made ring-shaped with a central through hole. The trigger is located in front of the drum at the level of the hole. The drum and the handle are combined structurally and functionally.

EFFECT: increasing the number of revolver cartridges while preserving the dimensions of weapon, as well as improving the balance of weapon.

6 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hand-held short-range firearms specifically to revolvers with non-cylindrical drums, which the authors called “flat revolvers”, mainly of police and civilian types.

Most revolvers are equipped with classical drums, the axis of rotation and chambers of which are parallel to the axis of the barrel [A. Zhuk. Revolvers and pistols. - M.: Military Publishing House "Lokid", 1992. - 431 p.: Ill. - S. 30-218].

With all the advantages of revolvers, this arrangement leads to the fact that the drum sticking out on the sides of the revolver frame makes it difficult to carry and remove - remove such weapons. In addition, the classical revolver is characterized by a prolonged reloading, due to the need for the alternate installation of cartridges in the chambers.

Previously, the authors developed and patented revolvers with disk drums, which can be considered as a result of the “selection” of revolvers and pistols with a combination of the advantages of both and which laid the foundation for the subclass of “flat revolvers” (according to the terminology of the authors) RU No. 214576, F41С 1 / 00, 25/10, 2003, Bull. No. 29; RU No. 2293275, F41С 1/00, 25/10, 2007, Bull. No. 4; Pavlov S.N., Semenov A.G. Revolver and gun. An attempt at "selection" // Kalashnikov. - 2007, No. 6. - S. 64-68].

In them, the disk drums have a horizontal transverse axis of rotation located below the axis of the barrel channel, and the chambers are located on the periphery of the drum tangentially to a circle centered on its axis, that is, with a chordal orientation.

However, this technical solution solves the problem of increasing the compactness of short-barreled hand weapons only partially.

Closest to the claimed invention for the purpose and combination of design features (prototype) is a revolver with a disk drum, comprising a body with a handle, a barrel installed in it, a drum with a horizontal transverse axis of a stepwise rotation located below the axis of the barrel channel, with several spaced apart from each other with the same angular pitch and chordally oriented cartridge chambers, locking device, mechanisms for turning and fixing the drum in combat positions with the alignment of any of the chambers the entrance to the barrel channel and the micro-gap between the cylindrical surface of the drum and the surface of the hemp of the barrel, trigger mechanism (trigger), a trigger element engulfed by the trigger guard as part of the drum rotation mechanism and trigger mechanism, and reloading device [RU No. 2214576, F41C 1 / 00, 25/10, 2003, Bull. No. 29].

In it, the drum is made disk, the axis of its step-by-step rotation is cylindrical (the “classical” axis), and the trigger element is located on the side - in front of the drum, with the projection of the front of the trigger element (designed as a trigger) to the front vertical plane of the revolver forward - before projection of the drum onto the indicated plane, while the drum and the handle are structurally and functionally independent (although the drum is built into the cavity of the handle).

At the end of the disk drum, there are foresaws (pins) in an amount equal to the number of chambers, with equal angular increments one at a time opposite the chambers, with the possibility of indirect interaction with them of the trigger element and simultaneous platoon and subsequent descent of the adjacent forearm (pin) of the mainspring. The trigger element is made in the form of a piece, figuratively cut out of strip material, the front end of which is designed as a trigger (which was emphasized above), and its middle and rear parts carry mounted pushers with a down-back orientation with the formation of a parallel pattern of the action of each of the pushers on the current end pin (pin) of the drum and the trigger associated with the mainspring. That is, the trigger element is endowed with the functions of rotating the drum and cocking the trigger directly and is installed in the longitudinal guides in a plane parallel to the plane of the axis of the barrel channel, with the possibility of reciprocating movement due to the impact on the trigger with the arrow of a finger and counteracting the war spring that is deformed. The trigger includes a coil spring of a spiral type fixed to the side wall of the left side of the case, with the function of shock interaction, after cocking and lowering, with the rear end of the spring-loaded striker with a prick, with the possibility of reciprocating shock movement of the latter. According to the basic version presented in the drawings, the disk drum is made with five chambers for a pistol cartridge of 9 mm caliber (9 mm PM).

However, with all its advantages, such a weapon has still not enough compactness (or ammunition in the given dimensions of the weapon) and incomplete balance, and therefore not enough high performance characteristics. It should also be noted that the spectrum of the variety of models of revolvers is narrowed taking into account the factor of commodity attractiveness (the latter with respect to export supplies and to the market of civilian, in particular traumatic weapons).

The task to which the claimed invention is directed is to increase compactness (or the number of cartridges in the ammunition while maintaining the dimensions of the weapon) and improve the balance of the weapon, and therefore, improve its tactical and technical operational characteristics.

It also seems appropriate to expand the variety of models of revolvers taking into account the factor of commodity attractiveness (the latter - in relation to export supplies and to the market of civilian, in particular traumatic, weapons).

The solution of this complex problem is achieved by the fact that in a revolver with an annular drum containing a body with a handle, a barrel installed in it, a drum with a horizontal transverse axis of stepwise rotation located below the axis of the barrel channel, with several spaced apart from each other with the same angular pitch and chordally oriented cartridge chambers, locking device, mechanisms for turning and fixing the drum in combat positions with the alignment of any of the chambers to the pool entrance of the barrel channel and the micro-gap between with the drum’s surface and the surface of the shaft’s hemp, the trigger mechanism, the trigger element covered by the trigger guard as part of the drum rotation mechanism and the trigger mechanism, and the reloading device, the drum with the axis of its stepwise rotation is circular, with a central through hole, the diameter of which is sufficient for the full insertion of the thumb of the hand of the shooter, and the trigger is located in front of the drum at the level of the specified hole and at a distance that allows the grip of the turret faith with the arrow of the hand with the thumb through the indicated hole, with the index finger on the trigger throughout the entire working stroke of the trigger, and with the rest of the fingers on the front of the handle, while the drum and the handle are combined structurally and functionally.

The solution of this problem is also achieved due to additional structural features (with the above main set of features):

- the trigger element can be made in the form of a figure-cut part from a strip material with a pressure stop with the function of rotating the drum and mounted in the longitudinal guides of the housing in a plane parallel to the plane of the axis of the barrel channel, with the possibility of reciprocating movement due to the impact on the trigger with the index finger arrow and counteraction of the return and combat springs of the trigger mechanism (which allows deforming the mechanism at the same time a drum rotation and the firing mechanism, which is part of the trigger element by replacing the assembly of the four parts of one piece stamped and impart said further bobbin-pins additional function of the trigger transmission lever member to the mainspring);

- at the end of the disk drum can be provided included in the mechanism of rotation and fixation of the drum of the forearm (pins) or pegs with equal angular increments one at a time between the chambers, with the possibility of interaction with the pressure stop of the trigger element and simultaneous platoon and subsequent descent of the adjacent forearm, by a pusher, a combat spring (this sign “works”, like the previous one, especially both in combination to achieve the above reinforced positive technical result);

- a disk drum can be made with eight chambers for a pistol cartridge of 9 mm caliber (this, according to the authors, based on experience in the design and use of weapons, is optimal for both military and civil and police weapons, especially in Russia);

- a disk drum can be made with a number of chambers from five to twelve, inclusive, for a pistol cartridge with a caliber of less than 9 mm (this extends the range of technical offer within the framework of the general claimed weapon concept, taking into account the specific conditions of use in various sectors of the “market” and the preferences of users, export conditions; a five-shot caliber up to 9 mm outperforms a five-shot 9 mm caliber with greater compactness, which is especially important for hidden carrying and in "ladies'" weapons);

- the disk drum can be made with peripheral samples between the chambers that are part of the reloading device, with the possibility of mounting / dismounting it on the tubular axis of rotation using the fingers of an arrow (the advantage of this option naturally follows from the very wording of this set of features: ease of mounting / dismounting drum and greater gain in overall dimensions).

Among the known devices and methods, no such combination of essential features would coincide with the declared one. At the same time, it is due to the latter that a new technical result is achieved in accordance with the task.

Figure 1.2 shows one possible example of a constructive implementation of the inventive ring-shaped revolver - an eight-shot concept under a 9 mm PM cartridge, a diagram of the relative positioning of the main parts of the revolver, where R is the outer radius of the ring-shaped drum; r is the radius of the hole in the annular axis of rotation of the drum; h is the distance between the center of rotation of the drum and the axis of the barrel; δ - micro-gap between the drum (cut chamber) and the stump of the barrel.

A revolver with a ring-shaped drum (an example of an eight-shot 9-mm revolver) contains a housing 1 (detachable or, as another possible option, integral parts - left and right) with a handle 2. In the housing 1, the barrel 3 is fixedly mounted.

Again, in the housing 1, a drum (i.e. a revolving magazine) is detachably mounted on an annular (annular, annular) transverse (perpendicular to the axis of the barrel 3) horizontal axis 4 with an inner radius r of an annular (annular, annular, that is, in the form of a disk with a central through hole) type) 5 with an outer radius R of the cylindrical surface (that is, a distance from the axis of rotation of the drum 4 to its generatrix) and an inner radius for a sliding fit on the outer surface of the axis 4. Thus, the annular drum 5 has the horizontal transverse axis of the step-by-step rotation (rotation) located below the axis of the bore 3 by h. Drum 5 is made with several (eight in the drawing) spaced apart with the same angular pitch of 360/8 ° and chordally oriented cartridge (for revolving / pistol cartridges, in this example 9 mm PM) cameras 6, with the possibility of manual equipment cartridges and manual extraction (forced removal) of spent cartridges (the actual cartridges and its location in the chambers 6 are shown in dashed lines in the drawing).

In addition, there are: a locking device; the mechanisms of rotation and fixation of the drum in combat positions with the alignment of any of the chambers 6 (in the upper horizontal "combat" position) to the pool entrance of the barrel channel 3 and the micro-gap 5 between the cylindrical surface of the drum 5 and the hemp surface 7 of the barrel 3 (micro-gap δ is part of the locking device ); trigger mechanism (trigger), partially covered by trigger guard 8 ("classic" type); trigger element 9 with a front (lower) part, designed in the form of a trigger 10, as part of the rotation mechanism of the drum 5 and the trigger, and a reloading device.

The diameter (2r) of the central through hole is sufficient for the thumb of the arrow of the hand to be fully inserted into it, and the trigger 10 is located in front of the drum 5 at the level of the specified hole and at a distance that allows the gun to hold the revolver with the thumb through the specified hole, with the index finger on trigger 10 on the entire working stroke of the latter and with the remaining fingers on the front of the handle 2.

In this case, the drum 5 and the handle 2 are combined structurally and functionally (see further the features of the device).

A further description of the device applies only to private (additional) design features.

The trigger element 8 can be made in the form of a figure-cut part from a strip material with a pressure stop 11 with the function of rotating the drum 5 and installed in the longitudinal guides of the housing 1 in a plane parallel to the plane of the axis of the bore 3, with the possibility of reciprocating motion due to the impact on the trigger hook 10 with the index finger of the hand of the shooter and counteracting the returnable 12 and combat 13 (via the pusher 14) USM springs that are deformed.

At the end of the drum 5 are provided included in the rotation and fixing mechanism of the drum 5 of the pin (pins, pegs) 15 with an equal angular pitch (equal to the step of the chambers 6), one between the chambers 6, with the possibility of interaction with the pressure stop 11 of the trigger element 9 and simultaneously a platoon and the subsequent descent of the adjacent pin (pin, prick) 15 mainspring 13.

The drawing shows an example with eight rounds of caliber 9 mm PM. It is also recommended that five to eight cartridges be made inclusive for a pistol cartridge with a caliber of less than 9 mm.

The drum 5 can be made with peripheral samples 16 included between the chambers 6, which are part of the reloading device, with the possibility of its mounting / dismounting on the axis 4 of the step-by-step rotation (rotation) by means of the fingers of the arrow.

Other constructs are possible within the framework of the claimed combination of the main essential features (see the claims).

In particular, using electric ignition, in which the device will be greatly simplified.

The inventive device works (use a revolver) as follows.

The drum is equipped with cartridges separately from the revolver. Either by a shooter (user) independently, or in a specialized organization (at a weapon manufacturing plant or in an arms workshop). The process can be partially or fully automated. Possible exchange of "empty" drums 5 on equipped. That is, a certain analogy with various cartridges, which have become widespread in modern organizational (for example, printers) and other equipment.

Install (if not previously installed) the drum 5 on the axis 4, simultaneously checking (if time allows) the state of the internal components of the weapon and, if necessary, having previously carried out operational routine maintenance (cleaning, lubrication).

To grasp the revolver with a hand, grab it with three or four fingers for the front of the handle 2, simultaneously insert the thumb into the hole in the axis 4, cover the front of the axis 4 and the drum 5 with the thumb as "continue upward of the handle 2", take the index finger straight and put it on the trigger guard 8 (if there is time for this, depending on the specific situation). It is the location of the thumb of the arrow in the hole of the axis 4 with the coverage of the front parts of the annular axis 4 and the drum 5 and is a characteristic (significant) feature of the inventive weapon system of the revolving type. The axis 4 with the drum 5 act as a significant part of the handle 2 of the revolver, which allows you to "cut" the handle at the back and thereby reduce the overall dimensions of the weapon.

For firing a shot (with self-cocking), taking the revolver into the right (left-handed - left) hand in the manner described in the previous paragraph and preparing to fire according to the Rules for using weapons in a specific situation, take aim (for example, combining a front sight not shown in the drawings with a rear sight slot) , the index finger is inserted inside the trigger guard 8 in front of the trigger 10 and put on it, after which the latter is released, pressing the amount of the necessary and sufficient stroke for itself to be shot.

When you press a finger on the hook 10, the full cycle of the mechanism of rotation of the drum 5 and the trigger occurs:

- the trigger element 9 moves progressively along the longitudinal guides (in the drawing - to the left);

- pressure stop 11 by force acting on the closest pin (pin, peg) 15 (moment of force relative to axis 4 of drum 5) rotates drum 5 (in the drawing, counterclockwise);

- while the drum retainer 5, if present (not shown), is automatically disabled;

- at the same time, a return spring 12 and a service spring 13 are cocked as part of the USM (the latter - by means of a pusher 14 moving to the left);

- when the drum 5 is rotated within one angular step (in this example, the eighth of the circumference), the pushed foregrip 15 takes place no further than the adjacent, “in front of the runaway” foregrip 15 and to the hemp 7 of the barrel 3, the “running” cam comes to the combat position 6 with a cartridge;

- fixing the drum 5 in the achieved combat angular position (with a permissible small angular deviation in both directions ("positional play") is provided automatically either by a spring "step" lock, or by the nose of the bullet of the cartridge, spring "pecking" into the bullet hole of the barrel 3;

- “ahead of running away” pin 15, with the overlap of time, performing its additional function, - squeezed and continues to compress the mainspring 13;

- due to synchronization and verified kinematics of the involved links, with the indicated achievement by camora 6 of its combat position, the mainspring 13 breaks off “its” forearm 15 and vigorously hits the hammer (is tightly connected to the pusher 14 and is located behind it), dragging the striker with a pruner ( not shown) towards the bottom of the cartridge case in the chamber 6;

- a shot occurs.

- the recoil force when firing is directed backward, at the level of the axis 4 and the handle 2 (taking into account the partial fulfillment by the axis 4 of the handle function), is perceived by the axis 4 of the drum 5 (and further on to the body 1 with the handle 2 and then to the hand of the arrow the handle 2 and the axis 4 with the drum 5) with practically zero or close to zero shoulder due to the rational layout, and therefore, the drum 5 does not experience a “tipping” moment (along the way this eliminates the fundamental possibility of tearing the drum 5 off the latches and increases the power of the shot );

- with the removal of the load of the finger on the hook 10, the compressed end of the return spring 12 returns the trigger element 9 with the hook 10 to its original position along the guides.

And so on, with the device automatically returning to the ready-to-shoot position.

In the case of misfire, immediately produce, without any intermediate operations, the next shot. In this case, the use of the same cartridge, of course, is excluded.

To use up ammunition (in the example - eight rounds in drum 5) reload weapons

Some of the mentioned and unmentioned components of the revolver do not need a more detailed description of the device and operation, because, firstly, it is not necessary for understanding the essence of the claimed invention, and secondly, it has been worked out in numerous analogs and does not present a problem for specialists in this areas of technology.

The use of the claimed invention (revolver device) can increase compactness (or increase ammunition while maintaining the dimensions of the weapon) and improve the balance of weapons, and therefore, improve its tactical and technical operational characteristics, as well as expand the variety of models of revolvers taking into account the product attractiveness factor (the latter is applicable to export supplies and to the market of civilian, in particular traumatic weapons).

The revolver is recommended for reasonably limited production and use in order to expand the range of hand-held short-barreled firearms.

Claims (6)

1. A revolver with a ring-shaped drum, comprising a housing with a handle, a barrel mounted therein, a drum with a horizontal transverse axis of a stepwise rotation located below the axis of the barrel channel, with several spaced apart chambers with the same angular pitch and chordally oriented chambers, a locking device, mechanisms of rotation and fixation of the drum in combat positions with the alignment of any of the chambers to the pool entrance of the barrel channel and the micro-clearance between the cylindrical surface of the drum and the hemp surface a trigger mechanism, a trigger element engulfed by a trigger guard as part of a drum rotation mechanism and a trigger mechanism, and a reloading device, characterized in that the drum with its axis of stepwise rotation is ring-shaped, with a central through hole, the diameter of which is sufficient for full entering the thumb of the hand of the arrow into it, and the trigger is located in front of the drum at the level of the indicated hole and at a distance that allows the grip of the revolver with the hand of the arrow of the thumb through the specified hole, with the index finger on the trigger throughout the entire working stroke of the trigger and with the rest of the fingers on the front of the handle, while the drum and the handle are combined structurally and functionally. 2. The revolver according to claim 1, characterized in that the trigger element is made in the form of a part figuratively cut out of strip material with a pressure stop with the function of rotating the drum and installed in the longitudinal guides of the housing in a plane parallel to the plane of the axis of the barrel channel, with the possibility of reciprocating movements due to the impact on the trigger with the index finger of the hand of the shooter and the counteraction of the return and combat springs of the trigger mechanism, which are deformed in this case. 3. The revolver according to claim 1, characterized in that at the end of the annular drum are provided for the rotation and fixing of the drum of the forearm or ring with equal angular increments one by one between the chambers, with the possibility of interaction with the pressure stop of the trigger element and simultaneous platoon and subsequent descent of the adjacent forearm, by means of a pusher, a combat spring. 4. The revolver according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular drum is made with eight chambers for a pistol cartridge of 9 mm caliber. 5. The revolver according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular drum is made with a number of chambers from five to twelve inclusively under a pistol cartridge with a caliber of less than 9 mm. 6. The revolver according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular drum is made with peripheral samples between the chambers included in the reloading device, with the possibility of its mounting / dismounting on the annular axis of rotation by fingers of the arrow.

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