RU2711588C1 - Disk revolver with folding body - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hand firearms short-barreled weapons, more specifically to revolvers with disk drums, named by authors "flat revolvers", mainly police and civilian types. Disk revolver with folding body comprises interconnected body (1) and handle (2) with trigger bracket (3), delimited by horizontal plane of connector (4), at least one shaft (5) (in example – two barrels (5, 6)), installed in housing (1), at least, one disk drum (7) (in the example, two drums including spare (17)) with horizontal transverse axis of stepwise rotation (angular pitch φ) and chordally spaced apart and spaced from each other with the same angular pitch (φ) of cartridge gates (9). Drum (7) is installed on axis (10) in the cavity of handle (2). There are mechanisms of rotation and fixation of drum (7) in combat positions with coaxiality of any of chambers (9) to the barrel channel(s) (5, 6) bullet chamber and a micro-gap between the cylindrical surface of drum (7) and the hemp(s) surface of the barrel(s) (5, 6), firing mechanism (FM) and recharging device. Housing (1) and handle (2) are interconnected by means of transverse hinge (11) located in front part of trigger clip (3), and spring retainer (12) located in rear parts of housing (1) and handle (2), with possibility of hinge body (1) on hinge (11) with incline of barrel(s) (5, 6) downwards and opening of access to drum (7) and mechanisms, at least from above. There are several additional structural features.EFFECT: use makes it possible to improve technical and operational characteristics of a disc revolver in terms of providing the possibility of its complex "opening" with convenient access both to a combat drum without its mandatory extraction and to FM, improved manufacturability and ergonomic indices and expanded range of models.9 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hand-held short-range firearms specifically - to revolvers with disc drums, called by the authors "flat revolvers", mainly police and civilian types.

Most revolvers are equipped with classic drums, the axis of rotation and chambers of which are parallel to the axis of the barrel [1. Zhuk A.B. Revolvers and pistols. - M.: Military Publishing House "Lokid", 1992. - 431 p.: Ill. - S. 30-218].

With all the advantages of revolvers, this arrangement leads to the fact that the drum sticking out on the sides of the frame of the revolver makes it difficult to carry and remove such weapons. In addition, the classical revolver is characterized by a prolonged reloading, due to the need for the alternate installation of cartridges in the chambers.

Previously, the authors developed and patented revolvers with disk drums, which can be considered as the result of “selection” of revolvers and pistols with a combination of the advantages of both and which laid the foundation for a subclass of “flat revolvers” (according to the terminology of the authors) [2. RU 2214576, F41C 1/00, 25/10, 2003, Bull. Number 29; 3. RU 2293275, F41C 1/00, 25/10, 2007, Bull. No. 4; 4. Pavlov S.N., Semenov A.G. Revolver and gun. An attempt at "selection" // Kalashnikov. - 2007, No. 6. - S. 64-68; 5. Alexander Semenov, Sergey Pavlov. Flat revolvers (Monograph). - LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing. Saarbrucken - Berlin - Leipzig, Deutschland. 02/06/2013. ISBN 978-3-659-34094-9. - 64 p. - S. 23-39].

In them, the disk drums have a horizontal transverse axis of rotation located below the axis of the barrel channel, and the chambers are located on the periphery of the drum tangentially to a circle centered on its axis, that is, with a chordal orientation.

However, in such weapons systems reloading (extraction of spent cartridges and equipment with cartridges) is somewhat problematic, inferior to the usual methods of folding the trunks down or folding the drum to the side [6. Zhuk A.B. Revolvers and pistols. - M.: Military Publishing House "Lokid", 1992. - 431 p.: Ill. - S. 31, fig. 20 And and D].

As you know, in "classical" revolving systems, a cylindrical drum mounted on a horizontal longitudinal axis, that is, in the revolver body, when the barrel is tilted on the transverse hinge, the drum moves in space with the barrel (see [6, Fig. 20 B]).

In relation to the proposed technical solutions below, it is important to note the fame as double-barreled revolvers (Lefoshe hairpins), whose trunks are located, however, at different levels, that is, under each other [6, p. 182, cx 23-74, 23-75, 23-76], and double-barreled pistols, including those developed today [7. RU 2623317, F41A 19/18, F41A 19/20, F41A 19/21, F41A 21/06, F41A 9/68, F41C 3/00, 06/23/2017, Bull. No. 18].

Closest to the claimed invention in terms of purpose and a set of design features (prototype) is a disc revolver with a folding barrel, containing an interconnected body and a handle with a trigger guard, delimited by the horizontal plane of the connector, a block of two barrels, a two-row disk drum with a horizontal transverse axis of stepwise rotation and chordally located and spaced apart from each other with the same angular pitch cartridge chambers mounted on an axis in the cavity of the handle, the mechanisms rotation and fixation of the drum in combat positions with the alignment of any of the chambers to the pool entrance of the barrel channel and the micro-clearance between the cylindrical surface of the drum and the surface of the hemp of the barrel, trigger mechanism (trigger) and reloading device [3. RU 2293275, F41C 1/00, 25/10, 2007, Bull. No. 4].

It does not provide an operative connector for the barrel unit and the handle (only when the revolver is completely disassembled, and side panels in the housing for screws are provided for lubrication, cleaning and other routine maintenance), and the combat and spare drums are installed in the cartridge (similar to a box-shaped pistol magazine ), but according to the “jack” scheme, with the possibility of equally quick access to both drums from all sides (complete removal from the shaft - the cavity of the handle).

According to the basic version presented in the drawings, the disk drum is made with six chambers (in two rows of three chambers in a checkerboard pattern) under a pistol cartridge of 9 mm caliber (PM).

It should be noted that from the standpoint of this application for an invention, the double-barreled concept is not fundamental: the barrel can be one and, accordingly, the drum is single-row.

However, removing the entire cartridge, say, for installing (retrofitting) one or two cartridges, is somewhat longer and laborious. In addition, the cassette loading circuit is not suitable in all possible design options for such revolvers. For the unreasonable narrowness of the spectrum of the variety of models of revolvers, taking into account the factor of commodity attractiveness (the latter - in relation to export supplies and to the market of civilian, in particular traumatic, weapons) is not welcome. In addition, separate access to the USM (through the mentioned removable panels in the back of the case) is somewhat complicated and isolated from the described procedures for routine maintenance and finding out the reasons for the failure of operation, the probability of which is not excluded in principle for any mechanism. This also negatively affects the technical and operational characteristics of the prototype revolver, with all its positive features. There is also a contradiction between the two-drum cassette in the handle cavity on the one hand and the optimization of the handle ergonomics, and hence the revolver as a whole, on the other hand.

The problem (task) to be solved by the claimed invention is directed is to increase the technical and operational characteristics of the disk revolver in terms of providing the possibility of its operative complex “opening” with convenient access to the war drum without the obligation to remove it, and to the trigger. It also seems appropriate to improve the ergonomics of weapons and expand the variety of models of revolvers, taking into account the factor of commodity attractiveness (the latter is applied to export supplies and to the market of civilian, in particular traumatic, weapons).

The solution of this problem (a complex task) is achieved by the fact that in a disk revolver with a hinged housing containing interconnected housing and a handle with a trigger guard, delimited by the horizontal plane of the connector, at least one barrel mounted in the housing, at least one disk drum with a horizontal transverse axis of step-by-step rotation and chordally arranged and spaced apart from each other with the same angular pitch cartridge chambers mounted on an axis in the cavity of the handle, rotation mechanisms ota and fixation of the drum in combat positions with the alignment of any of the chambers to the pool entrance of the barrel channel and the micro-gap between the cylindrical surface of the drum and the surface of the hemp of the barrel, the trigger mechanism and reloading device, according to the claimed invention, the housing and the handle are interconnected by means of a transverse hinge located in the front parts of the trigger guard, and a spring clip located in the rear of the housing and the handle, with the possibility of folding the housing on said hinge with an inclination tvola down and opening access to the drum and mechanisms, at least the top.

The solution of the indicated problem (set task) is also achieved due to a number of additional design features (with the main set of features formulated above), namely:

- the disk drum can be installed with the possibility of its quick removal upwards with subsequent installation in the same place, using the reloading device (this expands the possibilities of the operational reloading of the revolver, and in some practical poses of the shooter and situations in general - the convenience of reloading);

- a spare drum can be placed in the cavity of the handle under the drum, with the possibility of its quick removal and installation in place of the shot drum or in its former place (this is a “traditional” and highly appreciated by users quality of the weapon, since it really and significantly increases the ammunition load “in weapons” , reloading efficiency due to the exclusion of extraction of spent barrel shells);

- the disk drum can be configured to alternately manually re-equip the chambers with cartridges after the specified opening of access to the drum as a result of folding the case (this is rational, as experience shows the practical use of short-range small arms in general);

- with the previous additional feature, the disk drum can be made with movable chambers, with the possibility of extracting and installing a cartridge from the inner end of the chamber (this is optimal when "locally" replacing the axial cartridge or retrofitting the combat drum with one or two cartridges directly to the fighting position with limited body movements );

- a revolver can be double-barreled, with a horizontal arrangement of trunks, a double-row disc drum, and a trigger with the possibility of independently initiating cartridges in battle chambers (this is rational in some cases, in order to expand the spectrum of revolver models, as a highly effective means of increasing ammunition load by two times);

- for any of the aggregates, the main plus of the first, third and fifth additional, the rotation, fixing the drum and the trigger mechanism may include a pivotally mounted in the front of the handle and spring-loaded return spring, mounted on a pin in the housing trigger connected by a lever and the transverse axis, with the front end of the longitudinal rod with a pusher of pegs provided in its lower middle part provided at the end of the drum, and the rear end of the rod is configured to rotate the trigger individually the transverse axis fixed on the basis of the said spring retainer of the hinged body, compression and subsequent actuation of the mainspring when the trigger is pulled, impact on the side in the channel of the cartridge retainer rotated on the individual transverse axis in its combat position (this, as it seems from the experience of preliminary design of the invention , a rational technical solution and compactness in the "traditional" deficit of the internal space, and the reliability of operation, thanks, in particular axes, the extended use of rotating parts of the trigger instead of translationally moving in the prototype, in particular - the trigger, spring clips);

- a hinge spring is provided for the housing, which can be installed directly behind the said transverse hinge and under the horizontal plane of the housing and handle connector on the axis of rotation of its thrust mustache (this provides a servo for “opening” the revolver, and very compact means in a relatively free space within the trigger guard );

- with the previous set of features, the axis of rotation of the thrust mustache of the hinged spring of the housing can be combined with the trigger installation hinge (this maximizes the compactness of both technical solutions - mounting and the hook with its lever to the traction, and the spring, simplifies assembly / disassembly, improves manufacturability in general and cheapens the revolver).

Among the known devices, no such combination of essential features would coincide with the declared one. At the same time, it is due to the latter that a new technical result is achieved (which is neither the sum of the known solutions, nor the solution obvious to the specialist from the level of technology achieved by Mankind), in accordance with the task.

The listed additional features, as proposed and highlighted as particularly rational, enhance the technical result in accordance with the task formulated above (specifically noted in brackets for each "position").

The inventive device is shown in the drawings (Fig. 1-3) on the most complex of possible particular examples - a double-barreled revolver with a horizontally located block of trunks ("left-right") chambered for 9 mm PM:

in FIG. 1 - revolver device, "through" side view with parts positions, where R is the outer radius of the disk drum; r is the radius of the axis of installation of the disk drum in the housing of the revolver; h is the distance between the center of rotation of the drum and the axis of the barrel channel; φ is the angular step of the working rotation of the drum (the angular distance between the chambers of the entire drum and the angular distance between the drum pegs).

in FIG. 2 - computer 3D-model of the revolver, the front-right-top view;

in FIG. 3 is a 3D computer model of a revolver with conditionally removed housing and one of two rows of a disk drum, right-top-front view.

A disk revolver with a hinged body contains interconnected body 1 and a handle 2 with a trigger 3, delimited by the horizontal plane of the connector 4. In the body 1, trunks 5 (right) and 6 (left) are installed at the same level, with the formation of a block of trunks (in general, the number of trunks in the revolver is at least one). The revolver contains a “combat” disk drum 7 with a horizontal transverse axis 8 (in the cavity of the handle 2 below the level of the axes of the channels of the trunks 5 and 6 directly, with a micro-gap behind their stumps) of a step-by-step rotation (angle φ) and chordally located and spaced from each other with the same angular pitch φ cartridge chambers 9 (in this example - in the amount of six - three for each row of the drum, taking into account the correspondence of the number of rows to the number of trunks) mounted on the axis 10 in the cavity of the handle 2. There is a mechanism for turning and fixing the ba Habana 7 into the firing position with any of concentricity Camore 9 pooled entry channels shafts 5, 6 and said minute gaps between the cylindrical surface of the drum 7 and the surfaces of stumps. There is also a trigger mechanism (trigger, described in detail below) and a reloading device.

The housing 1 and the handle 2 are interconnected by means of a transverse hinge 11 located in front of the trigger guard 3 and a spring clip 12 located in the rear parts of the housing 1 and handle 2, with the possibility of tilting the housing 1 on the hinge 11 with the trunks 5 and 6 tilted down and opening access to the drum 7 and the above mechanisms, at least from above. This relationship is supplemented (for servo action) with a folding spring with a mustache 13, elastically abutted in the housing 1 from the bottom in the plane of the connector of the housing 1 and the handle 2, while this spring is fixed on the common horizontal transverse axis 14 of the rotation of the trigger 15.

The following description relates to particular recommended examples of the device.

The disk drum 7 is installed with the possibility of its quick removal upwards with subsequent installation in the same place (on the axis 10), by means of a reloading device (for example, with a sliding spring-loaded axis 10).

In the cavity of the handle 2 under the drum 7, on the axis 16, similar to the axis 10, there is a spare drum 17, structurally identical to the drum 7, with the possibility of its immediate removal and installation in place of the shot drum 7 or in its original place.

The disk drum 7 is made with the possibility of alternately manually re-equipping the chambers 9 with cartridges 18 after said opening of access to the drum 7 as a result of folding the housing 1 on the hinge 11.

Moreover, each chamber 9 is made with the possibility of removing and installing the cartridge 18 from its inner end, for example, sliding outward (on the longitudinal guides in the body of the drum 7).

So, the revolver in the given example is double-barreled with horizontal arrangement of trunks 5 and 6, the disk drum 7 is double-row, and the USM is capable of independently initiating cartridges 18 in battle chambers 9.

In the revolver, the mechanism of rotation and fixation of the drum plus the trigger includes an articulated (axis 14) mounted in front of the handle 2 and spring-loaded with a return spring 19, mounted on the pin 20 in the housing 1, the trigger 15. The latter is connected by means of a lever 21 and a movable transverse axis 22, with the front end of the longitudinal rod 23 with the pusher 24 of the pegs 25 provided in its lower middle part provided at the end of the drum 7. And the rear end of the rod 23 is configured to rotate the trigger 26 on an individual transverse axis 27 fixed to and the base of the spring retainer 12, compression and subsequent actuation of the mainspring 28 with the trigger 26, impact on the side 29 in the channel of the thrust-hammer 31 rotatable on the individual transverse axis 30 with the possibility of fixing the cartridge 18 in the combat position of the latter.

The inventive device operates (use) as follows.

Depending on the particular particular embodiment of the revolver device, cartridges 18, the drum 7 is mounted on the axis 10, and the spare drum 17 (usually also equipped with cartridges 18) is mounted on the axis 16, either from above with the housing 1 previously folded, from above, or from the side when shifted side panel covers (such an example is not shown in the illustrations), or one (7) - from above, another (17) - from below or from the side.

The housing 1 is tilted (the “opening” of the revolver) is carried out by manually unlocking the spring clip 12 and holding (preferably) the housing 1, which is rotated under the action of the folding spring with the mustache 13. The barrel unit does not tilt down separately (as in the “classic” revolvers), but with the entire body 1, and access is opened, at least from above, and to the drum 17 (in any case, to its upper chamber 9), and to almost all the details of the mechanisms of the revolver, including the trigger.

The resulting "access" is used depending on the current tasks: removing / installing the drum 7, including reloading the revolver; "Local" reloading of only the upper chamber 9 or other partial reloading; visual inspection-diagnostics or cleaning / lubrication of mechanisms; for educational purposes, including demonstrating the absence of a store to 7 instructors at the end of training firing; search by police and security agencies in the prescribed manner, etc.

When the chamber 9 is equipped with cartridge 1, the latter, depending on the particular private device, magazines 7 and 17, is manually inserted into the chamber 9’s socket hole either from the outside with the sleeve end (wafer cartridges 18 of pistol type), or (when performing drums 7, 17 with movable on guides with cameras 9) from the inside of the bullet forward (flange cartridges 18 of the revolving type) into the gap formed by the extreme shift of the chamber 9 (not shown in the illustrations) or pistol wafer shells to the stop in the chamber. "Local (local)" manual extraction of spent cartridges or cartridges, including cartridge ones, is carried out similarly.

"Closing" the revolver is done manually, until the click automatically locks the spring clip 12.

Shooting from a revolver is as follows.

When you press the trigger finger with your index finger, it rotates around axis 14, causing the rod 23 to move by means of the lever 21 and the transverse axis 22. The latter enters the pusher 24 (in the middle of the rod 23 from the bottom) into engagement with the corresponding upper pegs 25 on the end face of the drum 7, which with further movement of the thrust 23 causes the rotation of the drum 7 by one angular step φ, defining the chamber 9 located above at the top as “combat”, in the order in which the cartridge 18 in it is prepared for operation.

At the same time, when turning the drum 7, the thrust 23 is lifted by the rear spike 25 and engages with the hook on the trigger 26. Again, simultaneously turning the drum 7 leads to the raising and lowering of the thrust stops in the adjacent rows of the drum 7, changing the order of preparation " combat "trunk (with double-barreled construction) - 5 or 6.

With further force action by the rear end of the thrust 23 on the trigger 26, it, turning on its axis 27, disengages from the thrust 23 and, under the influence of the operating spring 28, which was compressed by this time, hits the firing pin 31. The bok 29 transmits a blow to the capsule the igniter of the cartridge 18 in the "war" chamber 9 of the drum 7.

A shot is taking place. When recoil, the emphasis-drummer 31 holds the spent sleeve in the chamber 9 of the drum from turning during recoil.

When the finger releases the arrow of the trigger 15, the trigger parts automatically return to their original position under the action of the return spring 19 on the pin 20.

Some practical conclusions that are directly related to the technical result of the development:

Despite the fact that, in comparison with the Makarov pistol (PM), as a generally accepted “basic” object for comparing the characteristics of short-barreled small arms, the inventive revolver has a lower mass (almost twice as light as a revolver with a spare drum 17 and about 400 g lighter without it) and a shorter length (about 20 mm) the dimensions of the weapon in thickness differ by only 2 mm, and the height of the revolver is even less. In this case, the barrel 5, 6 of the revolver is longer than the pistol by about 7 mm, which gives an advantage in the power of the shot. Weapons can be further lightened by reducing the length of the barrel 5, 6, reducing the thickness of the trigger guard 3 (or making it from a sheet), replacing the material in non-critical places (handle 2, the base of the drum 7 with movable cameras 9) with lighter ones). The aesthetic qualities of a revolver are good enough for the modern market. Ergonomics for the single-drum version are also quite convenient, and this option can be considered the main one.

So, the use of the claimed invention (revolver device) can improve the technical and operational characteristics of the disk revolver in terms of providing the possibility of its complex operational "opening" with convenient access to the war drum without the obligation to remove it, and to the trigger. Moreover, to increase the manufacturability of the revolver, improve the ergonomics of the handle, and hence the revolver as a whole; expand the variety of models of revolvers, taking into account the factor of product attractiveness (the latter - in relation to export supplies and to the market of civilian, in particular traumatic, weapons).

The revolver is recommended for reasonably limited production and use, in order to expand the range of hand-held short-barreled firearms.

Claims (9)

1. A disk revolver with a hinged housing, comprising an interconnected housing and a handle with a trigger guard, delimited by the horizontal plane of the connector, at least one barrel mounted in the housing, at least one disk drum with a horizontal transverse axis of stepwise rotation and chordally located and spaced apart from each other with the same angular pitch cartridge chambers mounted on an axis in the cavity of the handle, the mechanisms of rotation and fixation of the drum in combat positions with the alignment of any of the chambers the entrance of the barrel channel and the micro-gap between the cylindrical surface of the drum and the surface of the hemp of the barrel, trigger mechanism and reloading device, characterized in that the housing and the handle are interconnected by means of a transverse hinge located in front of the trigger guard and a spring clip located in the rear the housing and the handle, with the possibility of folding the housing on said hinge with the barrel tilted down and opening access to the drum and mechanisms, at least from above. 2. The revolver according to claim 1, characterized in that the disk drum is mounted with the possibility of its quick extraction upwards with subsequent installation in the same place by means of a reloading device. 3. The revolver according to claim 1, characterized in that in the cavity of the handle under the drum there is a spare drum with the possibility of its quick extraction and installation in place of the shot drum or in its former place. 4. The revolver according to claim 1, characterized in that the disk drum is arranged to alternately manually re-equip the chambers with cartridges after said opening of access to the drum as a result of folding the case. 5. The revolver according to claim 4, characterized in that the disk drum is made with movable chambers with the possibility of extracting and installing a cartridge from the inner end of the chamber. 6. The revolver according to claim 1, characterized in that it is double-barreled with a horizontal arrangement of trunks, the disk drum is double-row, and the trigger mechanism is capable of independently initiating cartridges in combat chambers. 7. The revolver according to claim 1, characterized in that its rotation, fixing drum and trigger mechanisms include a pivotally mounted spring in the front of the handle and a spring-loaded return spring mounted on a pin in the housing, a trigger connected by means of a lever and a transverse axis with the front end of the longitudinal rod with a pusher of pegs provided in its lower middle part provided at the end of the drum, and the rear end of the rod is made with the possibility of turning the trigger on an individual transverse axis fixed to Considerations of said spring retainer flap body, compression and subsequent activation of the mainspring when the trigger impact on boëk channel individually pivot transverse axis of the cartridge retainer in its firing position. 8. The revolver according to claim 1, characterized in that it provides a hinge spring of the housing, which is installed directly behind the said transverse hinge and under the horizontal plane of the connector of the housing and the handle on the axis of rotation of its thrust mustache. 9. The revolver according to PP. 7 and 8, characterized in that the axis of rotation of the thrust mustache of the hinged spring of the housing is combined with the hinge for installing the trigger.

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