RU2277314C1 - Composition for seed pretreatment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: claimed method includes seed steep in Chlorella Vulgaris suspension having density of 60-80 cell/ml for at least 4 hours. Them seeds are treated with corresponding etching agent in amount of 2/3 from recommended allowance by powdering.

EFFECT: agricultures of increased productivity and biological value; finished products of improved quality.

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Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in the process of preparing seeds for sowing.

A known method of presowing treatment of cotton seeds by soaking seeds in a suspension of Chlorella Vulgaris with a density of 60-80 million cells / ml In this case, the defeat of plants by infection (wilt) is reduced. However, the effectiveness of the method significantly increases only after a two-time treatment, including soaking the seeds in suspension with subsequent application of the suspension to the soil in the amount of 6 tons / ha in 2 periods (in phases of 5-6 leaves and budding) [1].

The technical result is the development of a method that provides increased productivity and biological value of crops by improving the quality of the products.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of pre-sowing seed treatment of agricultural crops, including soaking the seeds in a suspension of green algae Chlorella Vulgaris with a density of 60-80 million cells / ml, the soaking is carried out for at least 4 hours, and after soaking the seeds are treated appropriate for this crop disinfectant by dusting with a norm of 2/3 of the recommended.

Studies were carried out on the seeds of corn (hybrid ROSS 331 MB) and sunflower (hybrid Kuban 930).

TMTD was used as a protectant in both cultures.

An experimental batch of corn and sunflower seeds was soaked in a suspension of Chlorella Vulgaris with a density of 80 million cells / ml for 5-6 hours and 4 hours, respectively. After that, wet seeds were dusted with a dressing agent at a rate of 2/3 of the recommended.

The seeds of the first control batch were soaked in water: corn seeds for 5-6 hours, sunflower seeds for 4 hours. After that, wet seeds were dusted with a dressing agent with the full recommended rate.

The seeds of the second control batch were treated with a tank mixture containing a suspension of Chlorella Vulgaris with a density of 80 million cells / ml in an amount of 16 l / ton of seeds and a seed dressing with a norm of 2/3 of the recommended.

The research results are presented in tables 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.

Table 1
The effect of soaking corn seeds (hybrid ROSS 331) in a suspension of Chlorella Vulgaris for 5 hours on their sowing qualities, 2004 (Rotor LLC, Kikvidzensky district) Indicator Control (water) Cell density, mln / ml twenty 40 60 80 one hundred Germination energy,% 66.3 64.1 73.9 78.0 80.2 75.6 Germination,% 80.6 82.7 88.2 93,4 95.8 90,4 The length of the primary root, mm 5.8 6.3 8.6 9.2 11.7 9,4 The number of roots 3 3 four four 5 5 Stem length, mm 10,2 11.8 14.7 16.8 19,2 15.7 The mass of seedlings, g 1.19 1.25 1.55 1.78 2.08 1,61

A study of the effect of soaking corn seeds with a suspension of Chlorella Vulgaris of various densities on sowing qualities showed that the seed germination energy with increasing cell density of Chlorella Vulgaris from 20 to 80 million / ml increases from 64.1 to 80.2% and decreases to 75.6% when cell density of 100 million / ml at 66.3% in the control, and seed germination increases from 82.7 to 95.8, respectively, and decreases to 90.4 and 80.6% (Table 1).

The highest absolute indicators of the development of corn plants: stem length - 19.2 mm, seedling mass - 2.08 g, primary root length - 11.7 m, and the largest number of roots were noted during seed treatment with Chlorella Vulgaris suspension, with a cell density of 80 million / ml

table 2
The effect of soaking sunflower seeds (hybrid Kuban 930) in a suspension of Chlorella Vulgaris for 4 hours on their sowing qualities, 2004 (LLC "Rotor" of Kikvidzensky district) Indicator Control (water) Cell density, mln / ml twenty 40 60 80 one hundred Germination energy,% 53.0 52.1 55.1 63,4 70.5 72.8 Germination,% 78.9 80.6 85.3 87.8 98.9 98.2 The length of the primary root, mm 25.5 28.7 31.9 38.7 45.1 43.3 Stem length, mm 35.0 37.6 40,2 46,4 58.3 51.7 The mass of seedlings, g 291.3 308.5 315.8 350.5 369.9 348.6

Similar studies conducted on the seeds of sunflower seeds of the Kuban 930 hybrid showed that the best seed germination energy was when treating seeds with a suspension of Chlorella Vulgaris with a cell density of 100 million / ml - 72.8%, and germination at 80 million / ml - 98.9% ( table 2).

The longest primary root is 45.1 mm long, the stem length is 58.3 mm, and the seedling mass is 369.9 mg. They are formed in sunflower seedlings, the seeds of which were treated with a suspension with a cell density of 80 million / ml, which is correspondingly higher than the control by 76.9; 66.6 and 27.0%.

Table 3
The effectiveness of pre-sowing treatment of corn seeds, 2004 (LLC "Rotor" Kikvidzensky area) Option Plant height, m Dry matter content,% The yield of green mass, t / ha The increase in green mass to the control,% Dry matter collection, t / ha Control 1 a) Soaking in water 1,61 20.8 15.3 - 3.18 b) Dusting with a dressing agent at full rate Control 2 Tank mix: suspension of Chlorella Vulgaris 16 l / t + protectant 2/3 norms 1.66 21.6 18.8 22.9 4.06 Experience a) Soaking in a suspension of Chlorella Vulgaris 1.68 21.8 20,4 33.3 4.45 b) Dusting with a dressing agent 2/3 of the norm

Table 4
The effectiveness of pre-sowing treatment of sunflower seeds, 2004 (LLC "Rotor" Kikvidzensky area) Option Plant height, m Diameter of the basket, m Stem diameter, mm Oil content of seeds,% The acidity of the oil, m ² KOH per 1 g of fat Seed productivity, t / ha Oil collection, kg / ha Control 1 a) Soaking in water 1.65 0.165 19.8 51.9 1.35 1.70 794 b) Dusting with a dressing agent at full rate Control 2 Tank mix: suspension of Chlorella Vulgaris 16 l / t + protectant 2/3 norms 1,69 0.175 20.5 51,2 1.15 1.89 871 Experience a) Soaking in a suspension of Chlorella Vulgaris 1.70 0.178 21.0 51.0 1,03 1.96 900 b) Dusting with a dressing agent 2/3 of the norm

Table 5
The effectiveness of presowing treatment of corn seeds on the quality of green mass Option The content in absolutely dry matter,% protein fat ash cellulose Bev Control 1 a) Soaking in water 11.25 3.08 9.16 29 18 47.33 b) Dusting with a dressing agent at full rate Control 2 Tank mix: suspension of Chlorella Vulgaris 16 l / t + protectant 2/3 norms 12.09 3.14 9.31 28.75 46.71 Experience a) Soaking in a suspension of Chlorella Vulgaris 12.93 3.07 9.75 30,42 43.83 b) Dusting with a dressing agent 2/3 of the norm

A study of the effectiveness of pre-sowing soaking of corn seeds in a suspension of Chlorella Vulgaris followed by dusting with a dressing agent showed that, compared with the control, the plant height increased from 1.61 m to 1.68 m (Table 3). The dry matter content increased from 20.8 to 21.8%, the yield of green mass - from 15.3 to 20.4 t / ha, or 22.9-33.3% more than in the control. The collection of dry matter increased to 4.44 t / ha or 27.7-40% more than in the control.

The study of the effectiveness of processing sunflower seeds showed that the processing of seeds by the proposed method provides the formation of plants with large absolute indicators of plant height - 1.70 m, basket diameter - 0.178 m, stem diameter - 21.0 mm. The acidity of the oil decreased by 0.20-0.32 mg (15-23.8%), which will increase the shelf life of the oil without compromising quality.

At the same time, despite a slight decrease in the oil content of seeds (0.7-0.9%) due to an increase in productivity by 11.2-15.3%, oil collection increased by 77-106 kg / ha.

Thus, the application of the proposed method helps to increase the yield of crops, reduce the acidity of the oil, which will increase the shelf life without deterioration, improve the condition of the feed base by adding green mass and improve the quality of the products.

Information sources

1. Muzafarov A.M., Taubaev T.T. The cultivation and use of microalgae. Tashkent, "Fan", Uzbek USSR, 1984, p.113.

Claims (1)

A method for pre-sowing seed treatment of agricultural crops, including soaking seeds in a suspension of green algae Chlorella vulgaris, with a density of 60-80 million cells / ml, characterized in that the soaking is carried out for at least 4 hours, and after soaking, the seeds are treated with a dressing agent suitable for the crop dusting rate of 2/3 of the recommended.