RU2276567C1 - Apparatus for separating of seeds from cones - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: forestry engineering, in particular, equipment for separating of seeds from coniferous tree cones.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus has frame with working tool, and guiding plate. Working tool is made in the form of smooth metal disk equipped with pockets and mounted within protective housing. Knife and spring-loaded stop rod are mounted within protective housing and adapted for further breaking and releasing of cones from pockets. Guiding plate is communicating with stepped cylindrical casing wherein stepped screw is mounted. Stepped screw is formed from metal rods. Bottom of each casing step is made in the form of grid. Diameters of openings of each subsequent grid in direction of throwing of processed cones are increasing as compared to those of openings of previous grid.

EFFECT: improved quality of separating seeds from cones.

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Description

The invention relates to the forestry industry, and in particular to devices for isolating seeds from cones.

A device for extracting seeds from cones is known, containing a base and a working body in the form of a U-shaped plate with protrusions located at an angle to each other, having protrusions on the surfaces facing each other, a hopper mounted on the base, and a manual drive a U-shaped rod, the lateral sections of which are pivotally connected to the upper parts of the base, and the lower end of the latter is pivotally connected to the base by means of a rod (SU No. 1286146, Mcl. A 23 N 5/00, decl. 27.05.85, publ. 30.01. 87, bull. No. 4).

A disadvantage of the known device is the low productivity and incomplete selection of seeds from the fruits.

A device is known for separating seeds from hard-to-conifer cones, containing a conical drill and a funnel, a guide for cones located between the drill and a funnel, and a feeder mounted at an angle to the guide, and a spring-loaded plate for fixing cones is fixed at the end of the latter facing the drill (SU 602158, Ml. A 23 N 5/00, Decl. 24.05.76, publ. 15.04.78, bull. No. 14).

The disadvantage of this device is the design complexity and low productivity.

The invention solves the problem of increasing productivity and improving the quality of seed allocation from fruits.

The technical result is to increase productivity and improve the quality of allocated seeds from cones.

This is achieved by the fact that in the device for separating seeds from a cone containing a frame with a working body and a guide plate, according to the invention, the working body is made in the form of a continuous metal disk with pockets installed in a protective casing, while a knife and a spring-loaded spring are placed in the protective casing a rod for further breaking the cones and separating them from the pockets, and the guide plate is in communication with a cylindrical case of a stepped form, in which a screw of a stepped form is also made, made of metal llicheskih rods, wherein each bottom shell stage is designed as a grid, wherein the opening diameters of each subsequent mesh in the direction of discharge of processed cones formed at increasing relative to the previous holes.

Figure 1 presents a diagram of a device for isolating seeds from cones, a General view; in Fig.2 - a drum, a section along BB; figure 3 - body section along aa; figure 4 - knife.

A device for separating seeds from cones contains a frame 1 on which a drum 2 with pockets 3 for cones is mounted, made in the form of a continuous metal disk mounted in a protective casing with pockets and a slot 4 in the middle, a loading hopper 5 with a protective casing 6, having a knife 7 and thrust rod 8, spring-loaded with spring 9 for further grinding of cones and separating them from pockets. The rotation of the drum 2 is made from an electric motor through a gearbox (not shown).

The device also contains a guide plate 10 for cones, a step 11 screw made of metal rods 12, mounted in a cylindrical body 13 of the same step shape. The bottom of each stage of the housing 13 is made in the form of a mesh, and the diameters of the holes of each subsequent mesh in the direction of discharge of the processed cones are made increasing with respect to the holes of the previous one. The bottom 14 is made of mesh with holes of small diameter; bottom 15 is made of medium diameter mesh and bottom 16 is made of large diameter mesh. The housing 13 has an opening 17 for the exit of debris. The rotation of the screw 11 is carried out from the electric motor through a gearbox (not shown).

A device for isolating seeds from cones works as follows.

When the drum 2 rotates, the cone from the loading hopper 5 enters the pocket 3, is caught by it and moves to the knife 7. The knife 7, in contact with the cone, cuts it on one side along the longitudinal axis of symmetry. Next, the cut cone, held by a protective casing 6, is fed to the thrust rod 8, which helps to separate the cones from the pocket 3 and further break the cones.

After contact with the rod 8, the fractured cone enters the plate 10 and enters the cylindrical body 13, where, with the help of the screw 11 and the rods 12, the cones are crushed and advanced to the outlet 17. When passing the crushed cone along the bottom 14, small debris is first separated; through the bottom 15 - small nut and larger debris are separated; through the bottom 16 - large walnut and large debris are separated, and through the hole 17, the residues of the processed cones from the body 13 are released.

Claims (1)

A device for separating seeds from cones, including a frame with a working body and a guide plate, characterized in that the working body is made in the form of a continuous metal disk with pockets installed in a protective casing, while a knife and a spring-loaded spring-loaded rod are placed in the casing for further breaking of the cones and separating them from the pockets, and the guide plate is in communication with a cylindrical case of a stepped form, in which a screw of a stepped form is also made, made of metal rods, with the bottom Doi stage housing made in the form of a grid, and the opening diameters of each subsequent mesh in the direction of discharge of processed cones formed at increasing relative to the previous holes.

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