RU2267637C1 - Method of supply of internal combustion engine with crude oil processing products from crude oil source - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: manufacture of engines; methods of supply of internal combustion engines with mixture of various fuels.

SUBSTANCE: proposed method includes preheating crude oil by waste heat of internal combustion engine followed by cleaning the preheated oil from water and admixtures. Cleaned preheated oil is separated into low-boiling fraction and primary residue. Low-boiling fraction is delivered to storage reservoir. Then, primary residue is separated into gasoline fraction which is directed to gasoline fraction storage reservoir and secondary residue which is separated into mazut residue and final residue. Mazut residue is directed to mazut residue storage reservoir and preheated final residue is directed to supply system of internal combustion engine; in addition to preheated final residue, the following components are delivered to supply system: low-boiling fraction or gasoline fraction or preheated mazut residue or their mixture from respective storage reservoirs for joint combustion with final residue in cylinders of internal combustion engine.

EFFECT: low cost of engine operation.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of engine building, in particular to methods of supplying internal combustion engines with a mixture of various types of fuel.

The diesel fuel system is known (see Zubrilov S.P., Seliverstov V.M., Braslavsky M.I. Ultrasonic cavitation processing of fuels on ships. - Leningrad, Shipbuilding, 1988, p. 76-77), which is a 2-fuel (so-called bit-fuel) system and allowing to supply both diesel (GOST 305-82), engine (GOST 1667-68), gas-turbine (GOST 10433-75) fuel, and naval fuel oil F-5 to the combustion chambers of a diesel engine (GOST 10585-75), as well as mixtures of these fuels in various predetermined proportions.

Also known is the method of operation of an internal combustion engine, which consists in feeding heated cylinders of various types of fuels to the cylinders and their subsequent combustion in the engine cylinders (see RF patent No. 2169275 IPC F 02 B 47/04, published June 20, 2001).

A disadvantage of the known technical solutions lies in the fact that they use ready-made fuels made from oil at special enterprises and supplied ready-made for powering internal combustion engines to power internal combustion engines, which makes the operation of engines more expensive.

The objective of the invention is to reduce the cost of operating internal combustion engines by reducing the cost of fuel delivery from the manufacturer.

The technical result of the claimed invention is the possibility of supplying an internal combustion engine with products of crude oil processing directly directly from a source of crude crude oil, bypassing oil refineries, which improves the efficiency of the engine.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the method of supplying products of crude oil processing of at least one internal combustion engine from a source of crude crude oil consists in heating the crude, crude oil with the waste heat of the internal combustion engine, followed by purification of the heated crude oil from water and impurities, separate the purified heated oil into a low-boiling fraction and the primary residue, feed the low-boiling fraction to the storage tank of the low-boiling fraction, yes Then, the primary residue is separated into the gasoline fraction, which is sent to the storage tank of the gasoline fraction, and the secondary residue, which is divided into the fuel oil residue and the final residue, the fuel residue is sent to the storage tank of the fuel residue, and the heated final residue is sent to the fuel supply system an internal combustion engine, in addition with a heated final residue, either a low boiling fraction, or a gasoline fraction, or a heated fuel oil residue, is supplied to the engine power system, or their mixture from the respective storage tanks and carry out their combustion together with the final residue in the cylinders of the internal combustion engine.

As a source of crude oil, either a well of an oilfield, or a transport trunk of an oilfield, or a tank of crude crude oil is used.

The drawing shows a functional diagram of a crude crude oil refining installation connected to the fuel system of an internal combustion engine that implements the claimed method.

The crude crude oil processing unit connected to the engine fuel system contains a source 1 of crude oil, which can be used as an oilfield well, or a transport pipeline of an oilfield, or a tank with crude crude oil.

With the source of crude crude oil 1 is connected to the main line 2 of the pipeline. From the main line 2, the oil supply line 3 to the crude oil heater 4 departs. The crude oil heater 4 is connected by a pipe 5 to a source of exhaust heat of the internal combustion engine 6. The source of exhaust heat of the internal combustion engine 6 may be exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine, or heat of the engine cooling system, or heat of the engine lubrication system, or a combination of the above sources. The oil heater 4 is provided with a pipe 7 for removing the used heat from the oil heater 4. If the heat of the cooling system of the internal combustion engine 6, or the heat of the lubrication system, or a combination of these heat sources, is used to heat the oil, it can be returned to the cooling and / or lubrication systems through one or more pipelines 7.

The oil preheater 4 is connected with the heated oil purification system 8, which in turn is communicated with the low boiling oil fraction separation system 9 and the water discharge line 10 and impurities. The line 10 of the discharge of water and impurities can be communicated with the main line 2, in communication with the crude oil treatment system (not shown).

The low boiling oil fraction separation system 9 is in communication with the storage capacity 10 of the low boiling oil fraction and the gasoline fraction separation system 11.

The system 11 for separating the gasoline fraction of oil is communicated with the storage tank 12 of the gasoline fraction of oil and with the system 13 for separating the oil residue.

The fuel oil residue separation system 13 is in communication with a line 14 for supplying oil processing products to the fuel system of the internal combustion engine 6, with a storage tank 15 for the oil residue and with a line 16 for transferring the oil residue to the oil discharge line 2 to the oil refining system.

A manifold 17 may be provided in the line 14 for supplying oil processing products to the fuel system of the internal combustion engine for transferring oil processing products to other internal combustion engines.

The claimed method is implemented as follows. From source 1 of crude crude oil, through highways 2 and 3, oil is supplied to the oil heater 4, where the crude crude oil is heated by the waste heat of the internal combustion engine 6 via pipeline 5. The heat used after the oil heater 4 is removed through pipeline 7.

After heating the oil in the heater 4, the heated crude oil is purified from water and impurities in the heated oil purification system 8. Extraneous inclusions and water remaining after the oil refining process through the water discharge line 10 and foreign inclusions can be pumped out to the oil discharge line 2.

The refined oil enters the low-boiling oil fraction separation system 9, where the refined heated oil is separated into a low-boiling fraction and a primary residue. The low boiling fraction is fed to the storage tank 10 of the low boiling fraction.

The primary residue enters the system 11 separation of the gasoline fraction of oil, where they carry out the separation of the primary residue into the gasoline fraction, which is sent to the storage tank 12 of the gasoline fraction, and the secondary residue.

The secondary residue is sent to the fuel oil residue separation system 13, where the secondary residue is separated into the fuel oil residue and the final residue, while the fuel oil residue is sent to the storage tank 15 of the fuel oil residue.

The heated final residue is sent to the highway 14 for supplying oil refining products to the engine fuel system with the fuel of the internal combustion engine 6, while additionally with a heated final residue, either a low boiling fraction, or a gasoline fraction, or a heated fuel oil residue, or a mixture of the corresponding storage tanks 10, 12 or 15 and carry out their combustion together with the final residue in the cylinders of the internal combustion engine 6. Low-boiling fraction and gasoline fraction from the tanks - storages 10 and 12, in addition to supplying to the internal combustion engine, can also be supplied to other consumers through pipelines not shown in the drawing.

In the case of the operation of several internal combustion engines, oil refined products come to them through the collector 17.

From the fuel oil residue separation system 13, the fuel oil residue can be pumped to the oil drain line 2 through the oil residue drain line 16 to the oil drain line 2 to the oil refining system.

Thus, the claimed method allows the use of crude oil processing products to power an internal combustion engine either directly from an oilfield well, or from an oilfield transportation line, or from a crude crude oil tank without using expensive imported fuel.

Claims (2)

1. The method of supplying products of crude oil processing of at least one internal combustion engine from a source of crude crude oil, which consists in heating the crude crude oil with the waste heat of the internal combustion engine, followed by purification of the heated crude oil from water and impurities, purified heated oil into a low-boiling fraction and a primary residue, a low-boiling fraction is fed to a storage tank of a low-boiling fraction, then the primary residue is separated into be the nzine fraction, which is sent to the storage tank of the gasoline fraction, and the secondary residue, which is divided into the fuel oil residue and the final residue, the fuel oil residue is sent to the storage tank of the fuel residue, and the heated final residue is sent to the fuel supply system of the internal combustion engine, additionally either a low-boiling fraction, or a gasoline fraction, or a heated fuel oil residue, or a mixture of them from the respective storage tanks is fed to the engine’s feed system with a heated final residue and carry out their combustion together with the final residue in the cylinders of the internal combustion engine. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the source of the crude oil is either a well of an oil field, or a transport trunk of an oil field, or a tank of crude crude oil.