RU2250177C1 - Complex for transfer of liquid cargo to tanker - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: shipbuilding; systems for transfer of liquid cargo, mainly oil, to ships.

SUBSTANCE: proposed complex includes underwater transfer pipe line with manifold connected with flexible hose for connecting the tanker with underwater pipe line and ice breaker moored to mooring berth; tanker is moored by its fore part to stern of this ice breaker either directly or at distance. Device for protection of flexible hose of pipe lines against ice is located in aft section of ice breaker; this device is provided with unit for locking the hose. In working position, this device is mounted outside the ice breaker board and is secured to side and to deck by means of detachable joints; lower edge of this device is located below lower edge of floating ice.

EFFECT: simplified construction; enhanced reliability and efficiency; ease in servicing.

2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to shipbuilding and can be used in systems for transferring liquid cargo, mainly oil, mainly from shore to ship.

Currently, due to the increase in oil consumption, its production at offshore fields both abroad and in the Russian Federation (the Sea of Okhotsk, the Barents Sea) is becoming more intensive. So in the Russian Federation, in the Timan-Pechora province, such rich oil fields as Varandeyskoye, Toraveyskoye and others were discovered. Harsh climatic conditions are typical for this province: from November to May, a cold winter period with negative temperature and ice formation lasts. Such climatic conditions present new requirements for systems for the transfer of oil from shore to ship, which would allow for the shipment of oil not only in a short warm period of time, but also in a long, cold period of time with minimal cost.

A known complex for supplying liquid cargo to an unequipped shore, containing a tanker with a bow slip, a tugboat (amphibious boat), a point floating berth with an anchor, underwater and floating hoses, made with risers connected to each other, and with an anchor using universal hinges , a floating drum for winding an underwater hose, a winch with cable block wiring for raising and lowering a point floating berth (see RF patent No. 20046420 for the invention “Complex for supplying liquid cargo to an unequipped shore.” MKI (5) B63B 27/30. On 05.06.91, application No. 4934366/11, published on 01.30.94 Applicant - Shelf Design Bureau, patent holder - I. Sumskoy).

After the tanker arrives in the unloading area, the anchor under its own weight falls out into the water and opens. A tugboat and a floating drum with a coiled underwater hose are launched, the free end of the latter is connected to the mooring piping system located at the anchor. An amphibious boat, moving to the shore, tows a floating drum, while the underwater hose is unwound and laid on the seabed. When approaching the shore, an amphibious boat rolls out a floating drum, where the end of the floating hose is connected to the consumer of petroleum products.

The well-known complex, firstly, provides only for the transfer of oil from a vessel to an unequipped shore. Secondly, the complex, especially the oil transfer system itself, is notable for its complexity and low reliability due to repeated windings and windings of a flexible hose on the drum, possible damage to the latter during its laying on the bottom. The known complex, thirdly, is not applicable for the transfer of oil in the winter period of time, in the conditions of initial ice formation.

A ship system is known for loading and unloading a fluid, in particular oil, onto a vessel containing a receiving cavity open downward with a locking mechanism located therein for removable fastening in the last buoy, which is mounted on anchors at the bottom of the sea and connected to at least one transmitting a pipeline for transporting a fluid, the receiving cavity being completely located in the submerged part of the bow of the vessel and connected to the deck of the vessel with a service shaft configured to pass through it and lifting means, lowered through the receiving cavity for connection with the buoy and its lifting into this cavity (see RF patent No. 21119874 for the invention “Ship system for loading and unloading fluid onto a vessel.” MKI (6) 63 V 27/00 Stated March 30, 92, application number 94027292/28 Convention priority 11/27/91, # 914652, Norway Published in the Russian Federation 10/10/98 Patent holder - Den Norsk Stats Oleselskap AS (Norway).

The known system is located on a ship and is designed to carry out cargo operations through an underwater buoy, which is connected to the ship in the receiving cavity located in the ship. From the buoy, fluid is transported to or from tanks on board the vessel.

The known system provides loading and unloading of fluid on a tanker in adverse weather conditions. However, it does not provide oil transfer in the winter period of time, in the conditions of shallow ice. In addition, the oil transshipment system itself is associated with a high risk of cargo operations carried out directly in the tanker hull. The known system also does not differ sufficiently high reliability, since a buoy sunk under water can be damaged by passing ships and other floating objects in shallow water.

Based on the analysis of information on the current level of technology in this area from known complexes and ship systems for transferring liquid cargo to a ship, the closest complex for transferring liquid cargo to a tanker is a raid berth with anchors to which an icebreaker is moored, to the stern of which directly or on a tanker is moored at the bow, an auxiliary vessel installed from the stern of the latter, launching equipment with a cable, a service shaft located in the aft ice hull a stake installed with the possibility of passage through it of the cable of the mentioned launching means and with the possibility of providing access to its upper part, transmitting an underwater pipeline with a manifold to which a flexible hose is connected connecting the tanker with an underwater pipeline, a cargo device for transferring located in the aft part of the icebreaker deck flexible hose from the icebreaker to the tanker, a device for protecting the flexible hose of the pipeline from ice, made in the form of a cylinder equipped with guides for possible STI movement in the shaft of service and a lower edge which in the operating position is located below the lower edge of floating ice, mounted in the housing shaft icebreaker diving with a diving station (see. RF patent No. 2200109 for the invention “Complex for transferring liquid cargo to a tanker”. IPC (7) V 63 V 22/02. Stated March 29, 2002, application no. 2002108113/28, published March 10, 2003, bull. Number 7. Patent holder - Murmansk Shipping Company OJSC - prototype).

The well-known complex provides efficient shipment of liquid cargo, mainly oil, from the onshore tank farm to sea tankers in the winter time under the conditions of initial ice formation and steady-state fast ice. However, the complex is quite complex, which creates certain difficulties in the process of its maintenance.

Thus, as shown by the analysis of the revealed information about the current level of technology, known ship systems, complexes for oil transshipment on a vessel are suitable for loading and unloading in the summer or in the winter. However, they are all distinguished by the complexity of the design, and therefore, the insufficiently high efficiency of their operation.

The inventive complex for transferring liquid cargo to a tanker allows to achieve a new technical result - improving the operational efficiency of the complex to ensure raid shipment of liquid cargo, mainly oil, in the winter period under conditions of fine ice by simplifying and increasing the reliability of the structure, ensuring ease of maintenance of the complex .

The following set of essential features characterizes the essence of the proposed invention and contributes to the achievement of a new technical result.

A complex for transferring liquid cargo to a tanker containing a raid berth to which an icebreaker is moored, to the stern of which a tanker is directly or remotely moored by the bow, transmitting an underwater pipeline with a manifold, to which a flexible hose is connected connecting the tanker with an underwater pipeline, located in the aft parts of the icebreaker deck in the stowed position device for protecting the flexible pipe hose from ice, the lower edge of which is in the working position below the lower edge ice, installed in the icebreaker’s case, a diving shaft with a diving post, hoisting means with a cable with the possibility of the latter passing through the flexible hose protection device and the cargo device for transferring the hose from the icebreaker to the tanker, characterized in that the device for protecting the flexible hose of the pipeline in the working position mounted behind the icebreaker and secured to the deck and side of the latter by means of detachable connections, the upper part of the flexible hose protector being provided with means for fixing the latter.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the device for protecting the flexible hose is made in the form of a cylinder, the flexible hose is equipped with a quick disconnect device with a locking member.

Thus, as shown by the analysis of the revealed information about the current level of technology in this field and the essence of the proposed invention, the latter meets the patentability criterion of “novelty”.

The presence in the complex for the transfer of liquid cargo of a mooring berth to which an icebreaker is moored, to the stern of which a tanker is directly or remotely moored by the bow of the tank, a submarine pipeline with a manifold is connected to which a flexible hose is connected connecting the tanker to the underwater pipeline located in the aft deck icebreaker in the position of a stowaway device to protect the flexible hose of the pipeline from ice, the lower edge of which in the working position is located below the lower edge of the melt ice, installed in the case of the icebreaker of a diving mine with a diving post, hoisting equipment with a cable with the possibility of the latter passing through the device for protecting the flexible hose and the cargo device for transferring the hose from the icebreaker to the tanker, allows the transfer of liquid cargo from the shore to the tanker through the underwater pipeline to winter time.

Providing the complex with a diving shaft and a diving post installed in the icebreaker’s hull allows the diver to lower the icebreaker into the water to carry out work on lifting the flexible hose of the underwater pipeline from the bottom of the sea, including in adverse weather conditions.

The complex is equipped with a device located in the aft part of the icebreaker’s deck to protect the flexible hose from ice during tripping and loading liquid cargo made in the form of a cylinder, which makes it possible to freely move the flexible hose of the pipeline inside the cylinder from the bottom of the sea to the icebreaker’s deck and vice versa. Thus, reliable protection of the flexible hose from damage by floating ice and from excesses during tripping and during oil shipment is provided.

The installation of the device for protecting the flexible hose of the pipeline in the working position overboard the icebreaker and fixing it to the deck and the side of the latter by means of detachable joints ensures the simplicity of the icebreaker's design due to the absence of complex conversion of the latter, the simplicity of the installation process of the device, as well as its maintenance, and therefore increases reliability of the design and provides ease of maintenance of the complex as a whole.

The location of the lower edge of the cylinder in the working position below the lower edge of floating ice prevents damage to the flexible hose by ice and contributes to the reliable and safe descent and lifting of the flexible hose from the bottom of the sea to the icebreaker and vice versa, as well as during the entire oil shipment.

Providing the upper part of the device for protecting the flexible hose with means for fixing the latter significantly increases the reliability and ease of maintenance of the flexible hose of the underwater pipeline, and therefore the whole complex. This, together with other features, contributes to the achievement of the technical result - increasing the efficiency of the complex by providing raid shipment of liquid cargo, mainly oil, in the winter period of time under the conditions of shallow ice by simplifying and increasing the reliability of the design, ensuring ease of maintenance of the complex.

Thus, the claimed combination of essential features of the invention provides a technical result in all cases to which the requested amount of legal protection applies.

In the process of the search by the applicant for information in this technical field, only certain distinctive features of the claimed invention were found among known objects of the same purpose, namely:

1. Protective devices (see ed. St. USSR No. 1751043 - a square hatch is made in the hull of the vessel, ed. St. USSR No. 1093611 - a protective ring). However, the form, purpose, communication, placement and functions of known protective devices are different than in the claimed solution.

2. A guide cylinder with guiding elements for movement inside the mine and the direction of the buoy (see RF application No. 95107661, MKI B 63 V 22/02 for the invention

“A device for directing a submerged loading and unloading buoy into the receiving space at the bottom of the vessel”). However, the function is different than in the claimed invention.

3. A device for protecting a flexible hose of an underwater pipeline from ice, made in the form of a cylinder (see RF patent No. 2200109, MKI V 63 V 22/02 for the invention “Complex for transferring liquid cargo to a tanker (options)”). However, the location and connections are different.

Thus, based on the analysis of the revealed information about the current level of technology in this field and analysis of the set of essential distinguishing features of the invention, the latter does not follow explicitly from the existing level of technology. Therefore, the present invention has such a patentability criterion as “inventive step”.

The complex for transferring liquid cargo to a tanker is illustrated using the drawings, where:

figure 1 shows the proposed complex;

figure 2 - the main deck of the icebreaker, aft tip, top view;

figure 3 - mounting device for protecting a flexible hose to an icebreaker, top view;

figure 4 is a section aa from figure 3;

5 is a diagram of the transfer of a flexible hose from an icebreaker to a tanker when the latter is located at a distance of about 15 m from the stern of the icebreaker, top view.

The complex for transferring liquid cargo, mainly oil, to tanker 1 (see Fig. 1) contains a raid berth made in the form of four prismatic anchors 2 buried in the seabed, transmitting an underwater pipeline 3 with a manifold 4 equipped with a valve (not shown). A flexible hose 5 with a head (not shown) is connected to the manifold 4, connecting the tanker 1 with the underwater pipeline 3. An icebreaker b is moored to the raid berth with the help of anchors 2, the tanker 8 is moored directly or at a distance of no more than 15 m from it 1.

In this case, the stern 9 of the tanker 1 can be kept from moving during cargo operations, as shown in FIG. 1, using the feed anchors 10. It is possible to keep the stern 9 of the tanker 1 from moving with the help of an auxiliary vessel (not shown).

To quickly find anchors 2, the latter are indicated by ice buoys (not shown).

In the aft part of the deck of the icebreaker 6 there is a device (see Fig. 2, 3, 4, 5), made, for example, in the form of a cylindrical tube 11, to protect the flexible hose 5 of the pipe 3 from ice during tripping and during operation complex for the transfer of oil from pipeline 3 through hose 5 to tanker 1. The cylindrical shape of the device for protecting the flexible hose 5 is quite simple, technologically advanced to manufacture. The device for protecting the flexible hose 5 can be made of another shape, for example a rectangular one.

On the deck of the icebreaker 6 in the aft part of it there is a launching device made in the form of a crane 12 (see Figs. 3, 4) with a cable 13 with the possibility of the passage of the latter through the tube 11.

The crane 12 with a cable 13 is designed to lower and raise the tube 11, as well as to raise the flexible hose 5 from the bottom of the sea to the deck of the icebreaker 6.

In the marching position, the tube 11 is fixed in the aft part of the deck of the icebreaker 6 (see FIG. 3) and is protected against icing, for example, with a tarpaulin cover (not shown).

In the working position, the tube 11 is installed behind the icebreaker 6 and lowered down so that its lower edge 14 (see figure 4) is located below the lower edge of the floating ice 0.5 m or 2 m below the waterline (structural waterline) of the icebreaker 6 . Through the known detachable connections 15, for example, suspensions with shanks, (see book. B. A. Gorelik. Pipe bending machine - ship's pipeline. - L .: Shipbuilding, 1990. Chapter 10. Installation and testing of systems and pipelines, p.228- 232, (1)), the tube 11 is rigidly attached to the side and beyond the deck of the icebreaker 6.

Based on low operating temperatures, the material of the tube 11 is selected frost-resistant, for example, steel of category E32.

The upper part of the tube 11 is provided with means, for example, a standard clamping bracket 16, for fixing the flexible hose 5.

On the deck of the icebreaker 6 there is a diving post 17 (see figure 2), equipped with a diving shaft (not shown), located in the hull of the icebreaker 6, for lowering the diver.

The flexible hose 5 is equipped with a quick-disconnect device with a locking body (not shown in the drawing), for example, the BS 250 brand manufactured by Asteya LLC, Prokopyevsk (see the Internet site: www.city.info.kuzbass.net/ ktpp / ru, (2) In the aft part of the deck of the icebreaker 6, a removable assembly platform 18 is installed on which a container 19 is installed to collect possible leakages of liquid cargo when transferring the latter from the icebreaker 6 to tanker 1.

In the aft part of the deck of the icebreaker 6, in the area where the tube 11 is located, an on-board manifold 20 with a gate valve 21 of the transit pipeline 22 is installed. A flexible hose 5 connected from the bottom of the sea through the tube 11 is connected to the manifold 20 by means of a quick disconnect device.

On the other side of the icebreaker 6, an airborne manifold 23 with a valve 24 is also installed, to which a cargo hose 25 is connected. The latter is designed to transfer liquid cargo from the icebreaker 6 to tanker 1.

In the aft part of the deck of the icebreaker 6, a cargo device is installed for transferring the hose 25 from the icebreaker 6 to the tanker 1 (see Fig. 2, 5). The cargo device is made in the form of a spire 26 with a bearing cable 27. A removable assembly platform 28 is also installed on this side, on which a container 29 is installed to collect possible leakages of liquid cargo when transferring the hose 25 from the icebreaker 6 to the tanker 1.

Depending on the location of tanker 1 moored to the icebreaker 6 and the convenience of oil transfer, the cargo hose 25 can also be connected to the manifold 20.

In the bow part 8 of the tanker 1, a manifold 30 (see FIG. 5) of the cargo pipeline of the tanker 1 (not shown) is installed. In the process of transferring liquid cargo from the icebreaker 6 to the tanker 1, a cargo hose 25 is connected to the manifold 30, equipped with a quick disconnect device 31, for example, grade BS 250 from the manufacturer of Asteya LLC, Prokopyevsk, see (2). In the bow part 8 of the tanker 1, an anchor mooring winch 32 is installed for mooring operations.

The deployment of the complex for oil shipment to the tanker and its work on oil transshipment is carried out as follows.

The complex claimed as an invention is proposed to be used temporarily, occasionally, namely once every 1.0-1.5 months, and is created as a temporary structure for oil shipment in the winter period of time under conditions of fine ice (thickness not exceeding 1.5 m).

An icebreaker 6 comes to the area where the pipeline 3 with the manifold 4 is located, paving the way for the tanker 1 in ice. The icebreaker 6 occupies a position close to the longitudinal axis of the berth (see Fig. 1). Then, through moorings and prismatic anchors 2, the icebreaker 6 is fastened on the raid berth. After that, tanker 1 is independently moored to the stern 7 of the icebreaker 6 with its bow 8. The stern 9 of the tanker 1 is fixed either by the stern anchors 10 or with the help of an auxiliary vessel to ensure that the stern 9 of the tanker 1 is kept from displacement during cargo operations. Moreover, the tanker 1 is moored to the icebreaker 6 directly or at a distance of not more than 15 m.

After the completion of the mooring operations on the icebreaker 6, they are preparing to lift the flexible hose 5 of the pipeline 3.

A tube 11 is fixed on the deck of the icebreaker 6 in the rear part of it. Then, using the cable 13 of the crane 12, for which the tube 11 is fixed, the latter is lowered overboard the icebreaker 6 so that its lower edge 14 is 0.5 m below the lower edge of the floating ice or 2 m below the waterline of the icebreaker 6. The tube 11 with the help of detachable joints 15 is relatively easily and simply rigidly fixed to the side and the deck of the icebreaker 6. Then the cable 13 is disconnected from the tube 11.

Using a hoisting mechanism, a diver descends from a diving post 17 through a diving shaft in a gazebo. The latter searches for a flexible hose 5 located on the seabed, connecting the tip of the hose 5 to the cable 13, and also opens the valve of the underwater manifold 4.

With the help of a crane 12, the hose 5 is pulled through the tube 11 to the deck of the icebreaker 6 and connected to the manifold 20. In this case, the hose 5, thanks to the tube 11, does not come in contact with the ice, which prevents its damage. Moreover, the tube 11 will be in working position overboard the icebreaker 6 until the end of loading operations on the tanker 1.

Depending on which side of the icebreaker 6 will ship oil, the cargo hose 25 is connected either to the manifold 20 or to the manifold 23. Using the support cable 27 and the spire 26, the cargo hose 25 is transferred to the tanker 1 and connected to the cargo manifold 30 last one. After shipment of the required amount of oil to tanker 1, the cargo hose 25 is returned in the reverse sequence.

Then, using the cable 13 of the crane 12, the hose 5 is lowered to the seabed through the tube 11, bypassing the ice. The diver disconnects the cable 13 from the hose 5, closes the valve of the underwater manifold 4.

Thus, as a result of the application of this invention, it is possible to obtain a technical result - increasing the efficiency of the complex to ensure raid shipment of liquid cargo, mainly oil, in the winter period of time under the conditions of fine ice by simplifying and increasing the reliability of the structure, ensuring ease of maintenance of the complex.

Therefore, the proposed complex for transferring liquid cargo to a tanker meets the patentability criterion of “industrial applicability”.

Currently, a temporary experimental raid berth has been created on the basis of an icebreaker and a tanker, which has been successfully tested in the Barents Sea in the Timan-Pechora region and has shown high efficiency of oil shipment in winter time under conditions of shallow ice.

Claims (2)

1. A complex for transferring liquid cargo to a tanker containing a mooring berth, to which an icebreaker is moored, to the stern of which a tanker is directly or remotely moored at the bow, transmitting an underwater pipeline with a manifold to which a flexible hose is connected connecting the tanker with the underwater pipeline, in the aft part of the icebreaker deck, in a stowed position to protect the flexible pipe hose from ice, the lower edge of which in the working position is located below the lower edge of floating ice, a diving shaft with a diving post installed in the icebreaker’s body, a hoisting device with a cable located with the possibility of the latter passing through the flexible hose protection device, and a cargo device for transferring the hose from the icebreaker to the tanker, characterized in that the flexible hose protection device the pipeline in the working position is installed overboard the icebreaker and secured overboard and the deck of the latter through detachable connections, the upper part of the device for protecting the flexible hose sn bzhena means for fixing the latter. 2. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for protecting the flexible hose is made in the form of a cylinder, the flexible hose is equipped with a quick-disconnect device with a locking member.

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