RU2245423C1 - Diversion facility fish protection device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hydraulic works designed to protect young fish from getting into diversion facilities. Proposed device contains fish retaining shield installed in water channel in tiers in depth of water channel with displacement of each higher tier to side of water intake channel, perforated air duct made in form of guides installed across water channel before shield on bottom of water channel, and trash-and-fish trough connected with fish outlet and arranged in upper part of shield parallel to air duct. Guides are made in form of flat plates rigidly installed at angle to flow in intake channel. Each plate is provided with horizontal axle in its upper part on which additional plate is secured from side of water intake channel for turning. Lower end face end of additional plate is provided with radial baffle whose surface has perforation holes. End face part of additional plates is provided with sector stopper from side of fish outlet, horizontal axles of plates being connected with drive. Additional plates can be perforated.

EFFECT: provision of retaining and bringing young fish out of the limits of influence of diversion facility.

3 cl, 12 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering, and in particular to methods, structures and devices designed to protect juvenile fish from getting into water intake structures.

A fish protection device [1] is known, including a fish-retaining screen mounted across the watercourse and formed from strings stretched across the perforated ducts arranged in tiers along the depth of the watercourse, with each upper tier shifting toward the water intake channel.

The disadvantage of this fish protection device is the low efficiency of fish protection.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a fish protection device [2], which includes a fish-retaining screen installed in the watercourse, arranged in tiers along the depth of the watercourse with each higher tier shifting towards the water intake channel and made in the form of guides installed across the watercourse, a perforated duct connected with a source of compressed air and placed in front of the fish-retaining screen, at the bottom of the watercourse, and a waste collection tray connected to the fish tank th placed at the top of the screen parallel to the duct.

The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency of protection and removal of juvenile fish from the zone of influence of the water intake front.

The aim of the invention is to create effective conditions for the detention and removal of juvenile fish outside the zone of influence of water intake.

The invention consists in the following.

According to claim 1 of the claims. The location of the guides at an angle to the transit flow with an inclination towards the intake channel allows you to create a fish-retaining screen in the form of a louvre system. The presence of an additional plate mounted on a horizontal axis and equipped with a radial visor allows, with an increased concentration of juvenile fish in the inlet channel, to form autonomous fish branches for phased removal of juvenile fish along the depth of the watercourse. By means of a drive (not shown), additional plates are rotated in the direction of the water intake channel, while autonomous fish channels formed by the inner planes of the main and additional plates, as well as the perforated surface of the radial visors are formed. From autonomous fish drainage channels, juvenile fish enter the fish drainage. Sector plugs provide closing of the drain outlet openings that take place from the fish outlet side for the period when the device does not have autonomous fish outlet channels (additional plates fit snugly against the main plates, and the radial visor forms additional resistance to the transit flow and is extended towards the supply channel).

According to claim 2 of the claims. The implementation of the surface of the additional perforated plates allows you to fully remove young fish that have passed the torch of the air-bubble curtain. Since a whirlpool region is formed behind the non-pressure plane of the additional plates due to reduced pressure, the rolling juvenile fish concentrates and accumulates in it. This accumulating juvenile fish is removed through perforations made on the surface of additional plates.

According to claim 3 of the claims. The implementation of the guide plates at an angle to the bottom of the watercourse eliminates the concentration of air coming from the flare VPZ in the inner space of the autonomous fish drainage channels. With this arrangement, air does not accumulate, but is freely transported towards the fish outlet.

The solution to this problem is achieved by creating a new design of fish protection device. Graphic material that explains the essence of the invention is presented in the following figures:

figure 1 - design of a plate provided with an additional plate;

figure 2 - the same, in the mode of removal of juvenile fish through perforation holes in an autonomous fish branch channel;

figure 3 - design of a plate provided with an additional perforated plate;

figure 4 - the same, in the mode of removal of juvenile fish through perforation holes in an autonomous fish branch channel;

5 is the same, shows the structure of the whirlpool region formed behind the pressureless plane of the additional plate;

6 is a fish protection device, a longitudinal section, autonomous fish drainage channels do not work;

Fig.7 is the same, the removal of juvenile fish through autonomous fish channels;

Fig - fish protection device, plan;

Fig.9 is a view of the outlet openings of autonomous fish branch channels made in the end wall;

figure 10 is the same, the outlet openings are blocked by sector plugs;

11 is a fish protection device, a view from the side of the inlet channel;

Fig - the same, the plate is installed at an angle to the bottom of the watercourse.

The fish protection device includes a fish-retaining screen 2 installed in the watercourse 1, located in tiers 3 along the depth of the watercourse 1 with the offset of each higher tier 3 towards the intake channel 4 and made in the form of guides 5 mounted across the watercourse 1, a perforated duct 6 connected to a source of compressed air (not shown) and placed in front of the fish retaining screen 2, at the bottom of the watercourse 1, and the waste collection tray 7 connected to the fish outlet 8, located at the top of the screen 2 in parallel with the the guide 6. The guides 5 are made in the form of flat plates 9, rigidly mounted at an angle to the flow of the supply channel 10, with each plate 9, in its upper part provided with a horizontal axis 11, on which, from the side of the intake channel 4, is rotatably fixed additional plate 12, and its lower end end is made with a radial visor 13, the surface of which is made with perforation holes 14, and from the side of the fish outlet 8, the end part of the additional plates 12 is provided with a sector plug 15, while the horizontal axis 11 is connected to a drive (not shown).

In addition, the additional plate 12 can be perforated, with perforation holes 14.

In addition, the plates 9 can be installed at an angle to the bottom of the watercourse 1, and the upper mark belongs to the end part of the plates 9 adjacent to the left, downstream, edge of the supply channel 10.

Beyond the pressureless plane of the additional plates 12, whirlpool regions 16 are formed in which the rolling young fish accumulate and concentrate. When the additional plates 12 are open, between them, the plates 9 and the radial visor 13, autonomous fish branches 17 are formed. When compressed air is supplied from a compressor (not shown), a torch 18 of an air bubble curtain (VBF) is formed in watercourse 1.

Fish protection device operates as follows.

The operation service of the water intake structure includes a compressor (not shown), thereby putting the fish protection device into operation, while the rolling young fish and entrained garbage are transported by the torch 18 of the air-bubble curtain to the surface horizons of watercourse 1, thereby clearing watercourse 1 from the young fish. From the surface horizons of watercourse 1, juvenile fish are diverted to fish outlet 8 by means of a waste tray 7. Purified water from fish juveniles and entrained debris enters the intake channel 4. Torch 18 is created by a perforated duct 6 located at the bottom of watercourse 1. The young fish are removed under the influence of torch 18 to the surface of the water, where the garbage collection tray 7 is located, due to which the young fish are diverted to the fish outlet 8. The young fish, passing the screen 2, falls into the influence zone of the whirlpool areas 16 (figure 5), where due to the pony ennogo pressure zone is formed temporary accumulation of juvenile fish. Due to the implementation of the guides 5 in the form of flat plates 9, installed at an angle to the flow of the supply channel 10, a louvre system is formed, which is a guide for the removal of juvenile fish to the surface horizons of watercourse 1. In the case of an increased concentration of young fish in watercourse 1, the operation service activates autonomous fish channels 17. For this purpose, by means of a drive (not shown), additional plates 12 are opened in the direction of the intake channel 4, as a result, in the space between the plates 9, supplement With additional plates 12 and perforated radial peaks 13 additional fish branches 17 are formed. Young fish through the holes of perforation 14 of the visors 13 (Fig. 2) or through them and holes of perforation of the plates 12 (Fig. 4) enters the autonomous fish channels 17 and is then diverted to the fish channel 8 (FIGS. 7 and 8). In the case when the autonomous channels 17 do not work (plates 9 and 12 are tightly adjacent to each other), the outlet openings of the channels 17 are blocked by sector plugs 15 (Fig. 10).

A variant of the operation of the device is possible when the plates 9 and 12 are installed at an angle to the bottom of the watercourse 1. This arrangement avoids the maximum accumulation of air inside the autonomous channels 17, since in this embodiment the air will be freely transported towards the fish branch 8 due to the artificially created positive slope.

The proposed fish protection device allows simple and affordable means in the conditions of migration of juvenile fish to draw water without causing environmental damage to the reservoir. In addition, the main components of the fish-retaining screen - the louvre system, autonomous fish bends and the torch of the air-bubble curtain, allow you to create a combined fish-retaining screen. As a merit of the present invention, it should be noted the successful layout of the screen, made in tiers, with the displacement of each tier towards the intake, which increases the likelihood of juvenile fish coming out towards the surface of the water.

Sources of information

1. A.S. USSR No. 1102842 (USSR), IPC E 02 B 8/08. Fish protection device. Publ. 1983.

2. A.S. USSR No. 1707128 (USSR), IPC E 02 B 8/08. Fish protection device of the water intake structure. Authors: Chistyakov A.A., Fomenko V.A., Cherkasov V.A. and Skin V.N. Publ. 01/23/92. BI No. 3, 1992.

Claims (3)

1. Fish protection device of the water intake structure, including a fish-retaining screen installed in the watercourse, arranged in tiers along the depth of the watercourse with each higher tier displaced towards the water intake channel and made in the form of guides installed across the watercourse, a perforated duct connected to the source of compressed air and placed in front of the fish-holding a screen at the bottom of the watercourse, and a waste collection tray connected to the fish outlet and placed at the top of the screen in parallel air duct, characterized in that the guides are made in the form of flat plates rigidly mounted at an angle to the flow of the supply channel, with each plate in its upper part provided with a horizontal axis on which an additional plate is mounted rotatably from the intake channel, and its lower the end end is made with a radial visor, the surface of which is made with perforation holes, and from the fish outlet side the end part of the additional plates is equipped with a sector plug, and this horizontal axis connected to the drive. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the additional plate is perforated. 3. The device according to p. 1 or 2, characterized in that the plates are installed at an angle to the bottom of the watercourse, with the upper mark at the end of the plates adjacent to the left-flowing edge of the supply channel.

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