RU2785959C1 - Integrated fish protection device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fisheries.

SUBSTANCE: complex fish protection device belongs to the field of fisheries and can be used for directed movement of fish, protection against fish entering the water intake and ensuring safe return to the reservoir. The device includes a fish-outlet tray with a fish outlet adjacent to the water intake, while the fish-outlet tray is made in the form of a closed box, in the bottom of which holes are made along the entire length, and the blank upper wall has a reverse slope towards the receiving pipe of the fish outlet equipped with a flow former. Behind the inlet of the water intake, under the fish tray, sections of vertical walls with holes for the passage of the water flow to the intake window of the water intake are mounted. In addition, the device is equipped with a pressure air duct with nozzles placed in the gap between the sections of the vertical walls, providing a water-air curtain of the device. At the entrance to the water intake, a threshold is made and a trash-retaining grate is installed.

EFFECT: increasing the efficiency of protecting larvae and juvenile fish from entering the water intake and ensuring their safe return to the reservoir.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of fisheries and can be used for directed movement of fish, protection against fish entering the water intake and ensuring safe return to the reservoir.

It is known a complex fish protection device of protective and guiding action (KRUON), consisting of a horizontal element - a stationary structure in the form of a horizontal ceiling adjacent to the intake structure, forming a gallery through which the intake flow passes into the intake, and the device does not contain a fish hatch, a stationary horizontal ceiling, dividing the flow into its upper and lower parts, it creates a zone in the upper part that is not connected with the water intake flow, which is optimal for the life and reproduction of fish without the risk of getting into the water intake, and therefore there is no need to divert fish from this zone and there is no need to use a fish hatch as part of the device, while the stationary horizontal ceiling is located below the water surface, the length of the horizontal ceiling is not less than the height of the intake window, the device can be installed in any conditions, regardless of the presence or absence of a transit leak The device includes a behavioral, guiding vertical or inclined element (screen) installed at the entrance to the gallery and representing a sectional electric fish barrier, or a water-air curtain, or an air-bubble curtain, or a louvered fish protection device that provides an independent exit of fish from the bottom part of the flow to the upper to a more comfortable zone of the water source (Patent RU No. 2495192 E02B 8/08, 2013).

The disadvantage of analogue is the low efficiency of the removal of larvae and juvenile fish, which will accumulate above the horizontal overlap adjacent to the water intake structure and, in the absence of a fish hatch, will die from a lack of habitat.

Closest to the proposed device is a complex fish protection device, consisting of a floating or stationary fish trap, and the fish trap is a fish trap having a horizontal shelf, a vertical blind rear wall and a vertical front permeable wall, consisting of separate elements - plates, between which are formed water intake slots through which the flow passes into the fish chute, while individual elements - plates of the vertical permeable front wall of the fish chute are arranged in a stepped order so that the starting point of the next element - the plate is displaced from the end point of the previous element - the plate by a transverse displacement step h plates along the width of the tray m and is either on the same line with it, or is displaced from the end point of the previous element - the plate by a longitudinal step / displacement of the plates along the length of the tray in the direction of the previous element - the plate; the transverse step h of the displacement of the plates along the width of the tray and the longitudinal step l of the displacement of the plates along the length of the tray between each two separate previous and subsequent elements - plates in the composition of the device can be any and differ from each other; length, height p and thickness k of each individual element - plates as part of one device can be any; the length of the fish tray can be any, the width m and height n of the fish tray can be any and vary along the entire length of the fish tray; the angle α of the installation of the trap to the approach flow can be any from 0° to 90°, as a result of which a flow is formed in the fish tray, which moves the fish from the water intake area to the safe area of the water source (Patent RU No. 2602446 E02B 8/08,2016).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the low efficiency of the removal of larvae and juvenile fish into the fish hatch, since larvae and juvenile fish from the upper layers enter the fish tray, and in the lower layers of the stream they pass into the intake.

The technical problem is the need to expand the arsenal of technical means to improve the effectiveness of the protection of larvae and juvenile fish in water intake facilities.

The technical result, to which the claimed technical solution is directed, is to increase the efficiency of protecting larvae and juvenile fish from entering the water intake and ensuring their safe return to the reservoir.

To achieve the specified technical result in a complex fish protection device, including, adjacent to the water intake, a fish outlet tray with a fish outlet, while the fish outlet tray is made in the form of a closed box, in the bottom of which holes are made along the entire length, and the blank upper wall has a reverse slope towards the equipped flow generator of the intake pipe of the fish outlet, while behind the inlet of the water intake, under the fish tray, sections of vertical walls are mounted with holes for the passage of the water flow to the intake window of the intake, in addition, the device is equipped with a pressure air duct with nozzles placed in the gap between the sections of the vertical walls, providing air curtain of the device. At the entrance to the water intake, a threshold is made and a trash-retaining grate is installed.

Due to the combination of these essential features, the use of the proposed device will improve the efficiency of fish protection through the use of a sectional water-air curtain in front of the intake intake window, above which there is a closed-type fish diverter, into which all the air of the water-air curtain enters and exits through the fish outlet pipe into the atmosphere.

The proposed integrated fish protection device is illustrated by the drawings shown in Fig. 1 and 2.

In FIG. 1 shows a plan of an integrated fish protection device.

In FIG. 2 - longitudinal section A - A of the complex fish protection device.

The complex fish protection device contains sections of vertical walls 1 with holes 2 for the passage of the flow to the receiving window 3 of the water intake. In the gap between the sections there are nozzles 4 from the pressure air line 5. The fish protection device is installed behind the inlet 6 of the water intake. The fish outlet tray is made in the form of a closed box, the bottom 7 of which has holes 8 along the entire length, and the blank upper wall 9 has a reverse slope towards the receiving pipe 10 of the fish outlet - pipe 11, which is connected to the receiving pipe 10 and placed in the ground, the end of which goes into the reservoir outside the zone of influence of the water intake. The fish diverting tray is installed above the structure of the water-air curtain. The complex fish protection device additionally contains a flow generator 12 installed in the receiving pipe 10 of the fish hatch and communicating with the pressure conduit 13. The complex fish protection device additionally contains a coarse trash grate installed at the inlet 6 of the water intake, additionally contains a canopy 15 located at the beginning of the fish outlet tray, additionally contains threshold 16 at the entrance to the water intake.

Works fish protection device as follows.

Water from a reservoir with larvae, juvenile fish, small and large litter comes to the inlet 6 of the water intake. Large floating litter is retained by the litter-retaining grate 14, and larvae, juvenile fish and small litter pass into the zone of action of the water-air curtain. Bottom fish species with a tactile orientation cannot pass into the water intake, since threshold 16 is made on their way - a means of their protection. When the water-air curtain is in operation, compressed air from the pressure air duct 5 through the nozzles 4 rises up the section between the adjacent vertical walls 1 and affects the larvae, young fish and small debris and takes them to the holes 8 of the bottom 7 of the box with the top wall 9. At the same time, water trickles pass through the holes 2 and then the clean flow passes the receiving window 3 and enters the water intake channel. The visor 15 excludes the exit of compressed air through the inlet 6 of the water intake. Further, the larvae, juvenile fish and small litter pass through the box into the receiving pipe 10 of the fish outlet, and when the flow generator 12 is operating from the pressure conduit 13, this mixture of water and fish returns through the pipe 11 to the reservoir outside the zone of influence of the water intake.

Compared with the prototype, the proposed integrated fish protection device will improve the efficiency of protecting larvae and juvenile fish from entering the water intake and ensuring their safe return to the reservoir through the use of a sectional design of the water-air curtain in front of the water intake intake window.

Claims (2)

1. A complex fish protection device, including a fish outlet tray with a fish outlet adjacent to the water intake, characterized in that the fish outlet tray is made in the form of a closed box, in the bottom of which holes are made along the entire length, and the blank upper wall has a reverse slope towards the fish outlet receiving pipe equipped with a flow former , while behind the inlet of the water intake, under the fish tray, sections of vertical walls are mounted with holes for the passage of the water flow to the receiving window of the water intake, in addition, the device is equipped with a pressure air duct with nozzles placed in the gap between the sections of the vertical walls, providing a water-air curtain of the device . 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a threshold is mounted at the entrance to the water intake and a trash grate is installed.

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