JP2004316383A - Door body of sluice gate weir equipped with fish pass - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fish pass even in a sluice gate weir of intermediate and small rivers and an irrigation channel. <P>SOLUTION: A slide gate and a door body of a retractable weir is packaged so as to incline and flow down an open channel-like fish pass opening an intake part in the upstream side of a door body head top part along a rear face side of a skin plate in the case of a comparatively wide door body of a weir width as compared with height of the door body, and discharged in the downstream side base part of the door body. A baffle plate is arranged in the opening water channel fish pass of the fish pass, flowing-down water energy is attenuated, and an air stay is formed in the upper part between partition plates divided by a pipe channel fish pass to make the fish pass creating pseudo-free water surface. In the door body of a sluice gate weir with a high door body as compared with the width of the weir, the same fish pass as the pipe channel fish pass is flowed down as it is folded in the form of a story, and discharged to the downstream side base part of the door body. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention is used for floodgates such as slide gates and falling weirs installed in general rivers and irrigation canals, and enables fish to run up and move even in small and medium-sized rivers and canals where waterways are difficult to install. It is.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Many conventional fishways have dedicated fishway waterways attached to the floodgates, and small-scale floodgates on small and medium-sized rivers, where installation locations and costs are often limited, are not actually installed. Some technologies have been developed to be installed in small and medium-sized rivers, such as Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 63-206510 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 51-73734.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Although fishways are installed in most of large-scale floodgates in general rivers, small fish in small and medium-sized rivers and waterways that are the water bodies of various small fish such as crucian carp, haya, eel, etc. From May to September, when is most active, there is a partition for each sluice weir installed for the intake of cancer water, and it is divided into compartments. There is also a problem that it is difficult to secure the width of the waterway even if a fishway is attached.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, according to claim 1 of the present invention, in a floodgate having a wide weir in comparison with a weir height, an open channel-like fishway in which a baffle plate for attenuating a flowing-down water force is arranged, a door head is provided. It is opened toward the front surface of the top, and is arranged along the back surface of the skin plate, inclined, and a water outlet is opened at the back surface side of the door base to discharge water.
[0005]
The invention according to claim 2 can be adopted irrespective of the ratio of the weir height and the weir width, and a partition plate or a baffle plate having an orifice closed in a square or round pipe line is arranged so that the flowing water flow is reduced. The waterway is opened by opening the skin plate in front of the door body and water is taken in, and the door body with a wider weir than the weir height is inclined or included horizontally along the back of the skin plate. A water outlet is opened at the back of the base of the door body to discharge water.
[0006]
In addition, in the door body where the weir height is higher than the width of the weir, the horizontal orifice is arranged along the back of the skin plate while the orifice in the vertical direction is opened and closed at the end and turned back. The fishway is released by opening a water outlet on the back of the base of the door body.
[0007]
In the invention of claim 3, the door of the floodgate is usually made of a steel plate, and the open channel fishway and the pipeline fishway wrapped in the door body are also made of the same steel plate. In many cases, in order to perform daylighting on the fishway, a part or the entirety of the rear (downstream side) side wall of the fishway is opened, and the opened portion can be covered with a transparent or translucent resin plate or the like to cover and light. To do.
[0008]
According to the invention of claim 4, the fishway having an intake opening at the top of the falling weir door body is extended to the downstream riverbed of the door body, and the periphery of the intake of the fishway and the top of the door body can be freely moved. And the fishway is raised and lowered in accordance with the ups and downs of the door body.
The fishway in this case is usually an open channel-like fishway with a baffle.
[Action]
[0009]
In the configuration of the above-described claim 1, the water taken in from the water inlet at the upper end of the door body is subjected to the deceleration action by the baffle plate arranged in the middle of the open channel fishway included in the door body. It flows down and is discharged near the rear side base of the door body.
Fish that run up tend to gather around the area where the overflow water falls from the top of the door body, and go up against the discharge force of the fishway outlet that opens at the base of the door body.
[0010]
Not only does the fish run up against the water, but also climbs while securing a foothold, such as a crab. Slowing downflow gradient or devising the arrangement and shape of the baffle plate, etc., of course, reduce the downflow speed, but also make it easier to secure the scaffolding through ropes etc. over the entire length of the fishway. Make it easier for fish to go up.
[0011]
In the configuration of the above-mentioned claim 2, the pipe-like fishway wrapped in the door body does not have a free water surface under the atmospheric pressure like an open channel, but is wrapped in a straight line by being inclined. In the section above the upper edge of the lower orifice of the partitioning plate arranged in the middle, or in each section above the upper edge of each orifice when wrapped horizontally and in a linear or hierarchical manner Becomes a closed air pocket, presents a somewhat pressurized free water surface state, and can simulate the free water surface in an open channel.
[0012]
In this way, simulating a pipe-shaped fishway as an open-channel fishway with a free water surface not only provides good results for fish going up, especially in a fishway that is sloping straight and wrapped in a straight line. Is adjusted by the inclination angle and the section length, the jet from the orifice can be used as an air jet, and the jet velocity can be reduced to the jet velocity close to the overflow from the baffle in the open channel fishway, especially on the surface Since the speed can be significantly reduced, it is possible to make the fishway convenient for fish ascending.
[0013]
In addition, in each orifice that is opened in the partition plate of the pipe-shaped fishway, the head pressure between the front water level (upstream water level) and the back discharge port (downstream water level) of the floodgate weir takes the position head into consideration. In a pipe-shaped fishway that flows down at an angle from the intake opening opened near the top of the door, the pressure difference between the partition plate sections is evenly distributed, but the In the case of a tubular fishway wrapped horizontally near the base of the fishway, regardless of the height of the opening of the intake of the fishway, the pressure rises for each partition plate section, and the fishway that receives a greater depth of water pressure toward the upstream. However, the door is easy to manufacture when the weir height is particularly low.
[0014]
Next, in the above-mentioned configuration of claim 3, in a general case in which the fishway is made of a steel plate because of the strength of the door body, opening and closing the side wall of the fishway and covering it with a transparent plate means that the fishway is lit. In addition to promoting fish run-up, it also makes it easier to monitor debris and sand accumulation in the fishway.
[0015]
The structure of claim 4 is a structure that is closest to the conventional fishway sensation and has a little uncomfortable feeling, and is a fishway that can undulate in conjunction with the ups and downs of the door body. It is easy to adjust the height by the standing angle of the door body, and when the door body falls down, it extends and falls down to the same height as the door body on the downstream riverbed like the door body, and does not cause a significant obstacle to the flow of the river .
[0016]
【Example】
The embodiment of claim 1 will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, a cross section along a door body of a falling weir, that is, a cross section of a door body 10 perpendicular to the flow direction of a river, is shown in FIG. On the back side (downstream side), a fishway 13 in the form of an open channel having an intake port a opened at the front side (upstream side) of the top of the end of the door body 10 is inclined and extended and wrapped. The outlet b is opened at the base.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 3, a cross section AA of FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 3, and a baffle plate 14 of various shapes can be adopted in the fish passage 13 as in a general fish passage. (B) shows a flat baffle plate provided with a latent hole d, and (c) shows a denier baffle plate. In this way, various forms of baffles are arranged to attenuate the flowing water and form a fishway where fish can easily go up.
[0018]
In addition, the fishway 13 is not a closed pipe-like waterway, but an open channel. When there is a risk that the intake port a may be flooded, a portion of the fishway 13 may be used to avoid a negative pressure in the fishway. As shown in detail in FIG. 2, an air hole n is opened in the upper wall of the fish passage 13 to communicate with the outside air.
[0019]
Further, a thin line f shown in FIG. 2 indicates a free water surface between the baffles 14, and g is a streamline assuming an overflow from the baffles 14.
[0020]
In the embodiment of claim 2, a cross section along the door body is shown in FIG. 4, and as shown in FIG. The made fishway 23 is inclined and extended along the rear surface of the skin plate 21 to open a water outlet b on the rear side of the door body base. In the fishway 23, a partition plate 24 having an orifice e closed is provided. Arrange to attenuate the running water.
[0021]
The partition plate 24 provided in a shape that divides the fishway 23 can be configured in various forms in consideration of the run-up of fish and the attenuation of flowing water, and as shown in FIG. The orifice is open (a), the square hole is open (b), and the round hole is open and inclined (c).
[0022]
Since the fishway 23 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is a pipe-shaped fishway, the waterway pressure is applied to the fishway 23 from the water outlet b to the water surface in front of the door body 20 and flows down. The water is caused to flow down while being attenuated by the resistance of the water channel such as the orifice e provided in the fishway 23. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, a partial detail of the fishway 23, air is left above the upper edge of the opening of the lower orifice e between the partitioned partition plates 24 at the start of water passage, and the free water surface somewhat pressurized f.
[0023]
By the formation of the air pool above the free water surface f, the jet from the orifice e is ejected into the air, and the amount of the jet water is greatly reduced from the amount of the jet water of the orifice ejected in the submerged state in the water. In particular, the surface velocity of the jet is reduced, similar to overflow from the baffle of an open channel fishway.
[0024]
FIG. 7 is a rear side external view of the door body 20 of the present embodiment, FIG. 8A shows a DD section of FIG. 7, FIG. 8B shows an EE section, and FIG. 2 shows a cross section.
7 and 8 (c), the rubber slope 61 provided at the water outlet b is provided to reduce the difference between the water outlet b and the water level at the back of the door body. The window k is opened and the daylighting plate 28 is screwed and attached.
[0025]
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment taken along the direction of the door body 30. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the fishway 33 shown in FIG. Are wrapped horizontally along the base of the door body 30, and air pools are formed above the upper edge of the orifice e which is opened in the partition plate 34. The water spouted from each orifice e is a fishway. Is a submerged jet, unlike the case where is inclined, and the flowing water force is attenuated only by the resistance of the conduit such as the orifice e.
Although the door of the present embodiment has a characteristic of increasing the pressure toward the upstream section of the fishway 33, there is an advantage that the door is easy to make when the height of the door is low.
[0026]
FIG. 11, which is another embodiment, shows a cross section along the width direction of the slide gate door when the door height is higher than the weir width. FIG. FIG. 13 shows a G sectional view, and FIG. 13 shows a HH sectional view of FIG.
In the present embodiment, partition plates 44 in which orifices e are squeezed are arranged in a horizontal fishway, and a vertical orifice 1 is provided at an end portion, and the fishways are wrapped in a hierarchical manner while being turned back. An air pool is provided above the orifice e of each section, and the falling water force is attenuated by the orifice e and the water path resistance of the baffle plate 45 and the like.
[0027]
The rubber slope 61 provided at the lower edge of the water outlet b in FIG. 12 is for reducing the drop between the water outlet b and the water level on the back surface of the door body, and is shown in FIGS. 11 and 13. The arrow indicates the direction of water flow in the fishway 43.
[0028]
As shown in the daylighting plate 18 of FIG. 3, the daylighting plate 28 of FIG. 6, the daylighting plate 38 of FIGS. 7, 8 and 10, and the daylighting plate 48 of FIGS. A transparent or translucent resin plate or plate glass is attached so as to cover the cut-out window k on the side wall. Light is collected on the fishway, and monitoring and observation inside the fishway are performed.
[0029]
FIG. 14 shows a cross section along the river channel direction of the example embankment dam, and FIG. 15 shows a plan view thereof, showing a detailed cross section around the connecting portion between the door body 50 and the fishway 53. As shown in FIG. 16 (a), and as shown in FIG. 16 (b) for the details of FIG. 16 (a) viewed from the rear downstream side, a part of the top of the door body 50 is cut out, The upper end of the fishway 53 having an intake port a opened in accordance with the portion is pivotally supported on the top of the door body 50 by pin shafts 59 on both sides of the intake port a, and the fishway 53 extends to the downstream riverbed m. It slides with the bottom of the extension, and moves up and down in conjunction with the ups and downs of the door body 50.
[0030]
The depth of the water intake a provided by notching the top of the door body 50 is notched to a depth corresponding to the fish species of the fish that goes up, and when the overflow water depth on the door body 50 can be sufficiently expected. The fish passage 53 can be connected without opening the notch at all.
Further, as the fishway 53, a fishway provided with a baffle plate of various forms can be adopted like a general fishway.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention has a configuration in which the fishway is integrated with the door body, and the fishway can be installed with almost no installation place for each of the floodgates of the small and medium-sized rivers and irrigation canals. In many cases, there is an advantage that the fishway can be secured simply by replacing the door body, and by securing the fishway in the sluice weir of the small and medium-sized rivers and cancer irrigation canals, which has been neglected in the past, many freshwater fish crawling It can ease restrictions on run-up and movement in water areas, not only for preservation and protection of fish species, but also for protection of birds that feed on small fish, which has the effect of bringing moisture to human social life. is there.
[0032]
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows a cross section in a direction perpendicular to the river of a falling weir door body enclosing an open channel-shaped fishway 13.
FIG. 2 is a partially detailed view of the fishway 13 of FIG.
FIG. 3 shows the baffle plates 14 having different shapes in (A), (B) and (C) in the cross section of the fish passage 13 taken along the line AA in FIG.
FIG. 4 shows a cross section of the falling dam gate body in a direction perpendicular to the river in which the pipe-shaped fishway 23 is wrapped.
FIG. 5 is a partial detailed view of the fishway 23 of FIG.
FIG. 6 shows (a), (b), and (c) partition plates 24 having different shapes or arrangements in a cross section taken along the line BB of the fishway 23 in FIG.
FIG. 7 is an external view of the door 20 of FIG. 4 as viewed from the rear side.
8 shows (A) the DD section of FIG. 7, (B) shows the EE section, and (C) shows the FF section.
FIG. 9 shows a cross section in a direction perpendicular to the river of a falling weir door body in which a pipe-shaped fishway 33 is wrapped horizontally at the base of the door body.
FIG. 10 shows a CC section of FIG.
FIG. 11 shows a cross section in a direction perpendicular to the river of the door body, in which a pipe-like fishway 43 is wrapped in a horizontal layer in the door body of the slide gate, and the arrows in the figure indicate the direction of water flow in the fishway. .
FIG. 12 shows a sectional view of the door body 40 taken along the line GG in FIG.
FIG. 13 shows a cross section taken along the line HH of FIG. 11, and the arrows drawn in the figure show the direction of water flow in the fishway.
FIG. 14 shows a cross section along the river direction of a lodging dam connecting the fishway to the top of the door body, and is a JJ cross-sectional view of FIG.
FIG. 15 shows a plan view of FIG. 14, and the arrows in the figure show the flow direction of the river.
FIG. 16A is a detailed view of the vicinity of the connecting portion between the door body 50 and the fishway 53 in FIG. 14, and FIG. 16B is a detailed view of the same part viewed from the back downstream.
[0033]
[Explanation of symbols]
10, 20, 30, 40, 50 Doors of a falling weir or slide gate.
11, 21, 31, 41, 51 skin plates.
12, 22, 32 Reinforcing ribs.
13, 23, 33, 43, 53 Fishways.
14, 54 baffle.
16, 26, 36, 56 Hanging hooks.
17, 27, 37 bearings.
18, 28, 38, 48 Lighting plate.
24, 34, 44 Partition plate.
45 Baffle board.
46 Hanging bracket.
49 Hanging pin.
59 pin shaft.
61 Slope.
62 Seal rubber.
63 Bottom seal rubber.
65 Drain.
66 Drain.
70 Falling weir frame.
71 per house.
72 Bottom door stop.
73 Switchgear.
74 wire rope.
a Inlet.
b Outlet.
c Drain hole.
d Hole.
e Orifice.
f Free water surface.
g Expected line of overflow from baffle or jet from orifice.
h Falling water level.
i The water level at the top of the door.
j Intake lower edge water level.
k Fishway window.
l Orifice up and down the fishway.
m Riverbed.
n Air hole in fishway.

Claims (4)

An open channel-shaped fishway with a baffle plate is opened toward the top of the top of the door body, and slopingly wrapped around the back of the skin plate, and a water outlet is provided downstream of the back of the base of the door body. A floodgate weir door with a fishway with an opening. A pipe-shaped fishway with a partition plate with an orifice is opened on the upstream side of the front side of the skin plate of the door body, and sloping, horizontal, or layered on the back side of the skin plate, and the base of the door body A floodgate weir door with a fishway with a water outlet opening downstream of the back. 3. The fishway according to claim 1, wherein a part or the entirety of a side wall of the fishway wrapped in the door body is opened, and the opened part is covered with a transparent plate so that the fishway in the door is lit. Sluice gate weir door provided. An intake port is opened at the top of the falling dam door body, and the fishway extending to the downstream riverbed is pivotally supported on the top of the door body around the intake port of the fishway so that the door body can be raised and lowered. The gate of a floodgate with a fishway that interlocks with the fishway.

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