RU2245421C1 - Diversion facility fish protection device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hydraulic works designed for preventing getting of young fish into diversion facilities. Proposed device contains fish retaining shield made in form of hollow guides arranged in tiers across water channels in depth with displacement of each upper tier towards diversion channel. It contains also perforated air duct located on bottom of water channel directly before said shield and train-and-fish trough arranged in upper part of channel in parallel with air duct and connected with outlet and device to let out young fish arranged in height of fish retaining shield. Guides of U-shaped are installed at angle to current of intake channel, their planes are perforated and open end part is pointed to bottom of water channel. Young fish let out device is made in form of perforated shields installed side guides for vertical displacement by drive in height of fish retaining shield relative to additional guides made from side of bank edges of intake channel. Perforation holes of shields and u-shaped guides do not coincide in light.

EFFECT: possibility of retaining and bringing young fish out of limits of influence of diversion facility.

8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering, and in particular to methods, structures and devices designed to protect juvenile fish from getting into water intake structures.

A fish protection device [1] is known, including a fish-retaining screen mounted across the watercourse and formed from strings stretched across the perforated ducts arranged in tiers along the depth of the watercourse, with each upper tier shifting toward the water intake channel.

The disadvantage of this fish protection device is the low efficiency of fish protection.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a fish protection device [2], including a fish-retaining screen installed in the watercourse, made in the form of hollow guides located across the watercourse and set in tiers along the depth of the watercourse, with each upper tier displaced towards the water intake channel, a perforated duct connected to a source of compressed air and located at the bottom of the watercourse, directly in front of the screen, parallel to the top of the screen but the duct has a garbage collector tray connected to the fish outlet, and means for removing young fish placed at the height of the screen.

The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency of protection and removal of juvenile fish from the zone of influence of the water intake front.

The aim of the invention is to create effective conditions for the detention and removal of juvenile fish outside the zone of influence of water intake.

The invention consists in the following.

The execution of the guides at an angle to the transit flow with an inclination towards the intake channel allows you to create a fish-retaining screen in the form of a louvre system. The implementation of the U-shaped guides with an open bottom end part and the location of perforated screens inside the guides allows you to create a means for removing young fish in the form of a perforated screen.

Due to the implementation of the U-shaped guides perforated with the placement of the perforation holes that do not coincide with the perforation holes of the perforated screens, the screen performs two inextricable functions - being inside the U-shaped guides, the screens and guide planes create waterproof planes, and when extended, the screens create a perforated screen in between between the end parts of the guides. In the latter embodiment, the open perforation holes of the U-shaped guides are capable of passing an additional flow rate into the water intake channel, while the filtration rate in all perforation holes decreases exactly by half, which favorably affects the process of removing juvenile fish along the screen.

The solution to this problem is achieved by creating a new design of fish protection device. Graphic material explaining the essence of the invention is presented in the following drawings:

figure 1 is a fragment of the device, the design of the fish shield, formed by a U-shaped guides and extended perforated screens. A variant of the operation of the device in the case of an increased concentration of juvenile fish in the inlet channel;

figure 2 - the same state of the screen in the case when the perforated screens are inside the U-shaped guides;

figure 3 - fish protection device, a longitudinal section, an option to work with a solid fish-retaining screen;

figure 4 - the same, in the mode of removal of juvenile fish in the case of a minimum concentration of juvenile fish in the inlet channel. Perforated screens are inside the U-shaped guides;

5 is a view of the device from the inlet channel, the perforated screens are inside the U-shaped guides, the water consumption for water intake is made in the intervals between the horizontal end parts of the U-shaped guides;

6 is a cross section aa in figure 5;

Fig.7 is a view of the device from the side of the feed channel, the perforated screens are extended from the U-shaped guides, the water consumption for water intake is made through the perforated screen formed by the U-shaped guides and perforated screens;

Fig.8 is a transverse section bB.

The fish protection device includes a fish-retaining screen 2 installed in the watercourse 1, made in the form of hollow guides 3 located across the watercourse 1 and installed in tiers 4 along the depth of the watercourse 1, with each higher tier 4 being displaced toward the intake channel 5, a perforated duct 6 connected to the source compressed air (not shown) and located on the bottom of the watercourse 1, directly in front of the screen 2, located in the upper part of the screen 2 parallel to the duct 6 waste collection tray 7 connected to fish outlet 8, and a means for the removal of juvenile fish placed along the height of the screen 2. The guides 3 are made in a U-shape, set at an angle to the flow of the supply channel 9, while their planes are perforated, and the open end part 10 faces the bottom of the watercourse 1 moreover, the means for removing juvenile fish is made in the form of perforated screens 11 located inside the guides 3 and having the ability to drive (not shown) vertical movement along the height of the screen 2 relative to the additional guides 12, made from the side of the coastal edges of the supply channel 9, while the perforation holes 13 of the screens and the U-shaped guides 3 in the light do not match.

To effectively move the screens 11, they are equipped with rollers 14, which can be moved along the additional guides 12. The juvenile fish and trash are removed by a torch 15 of the air-bubble curtain. When the screens 11 are located inside the U-shaped guides 3, water is drawn into the intake channel 5 through the intake holes 16 formed by the horizontal end parts of the U-shaped guides 3.

Fish protection device operates as follows.

The operation service of the water intake facility includes a compressor (not shown), thereby putting the fish protection device into operation, while the rolling young fish and entrained garbage are transported by the torch 15 of the air-bubble curtain to the surface horizons of watercourse 1, thereby cleaning watercourse 1 from the young fish. From the surface horizons of watercourse 1, juvenile fish are diverted to fish outlet 8 by means of a waste tray 7. Purified water from fish juveniles and entrained debris enters the intake channel 5. Torch 15 is created by a perforated duct 6 located at the bottom of watercourse 1. The young fish are removed under the influence of torch 15 to the surface of the water, where the waste collection tray 7 is located, due to which the young fish are diverted to the fish drain 8. Thanks to the execution of the guides 3 in the form of U-shaped elements inside these guides are installed perforated screens 11 (figure 4) having the possibility of vertical movement relative to the plane of the screen 2.

In the case of an increased concentration of juvenile fish in the watercourse 1, the operation service drives a drive (not shown), and the perforated screens 11 extend and overlap the water inlet openings 16. The rollers 14, which move in the additional guides 12, contribute to the effective movement of the screens 11. the flow rate taken into the intake channel 5 is filtered through the perforation holes 13 of the perforated screens 11 and the perforation holes 13 of the U-shaped guides 3, while the filtration rate is two times less than in the case of only the intake openings 16 (Figure 4).

The proposed fish protection device allows simple and affordable means in the conditions of migration of juvenile fish to draw water without causing environmental damage to the reservoir. In addition, the main components of the fish-holding screen - the louvre system, perforated screens and the torch of the air-bubble curtain, allow you to create a combined fish-holding screen. As a merit of the present invention, it should be noted the successful layout of perforated screens made inside the U-shaped guides, which allows to protect the young fish with its increased concentration in the feed channel and ensures efficient transport of young fish and entrained debris to the surface horizons of the stream.

Sources of information

1. A.S. USSR No. 1102842 (USSR). IPC E 02 B 8/08. "Fish protection device." Publ. 1983.

2. A.S. USSR No. 1707128 (USSR). IPC E 02 B 8/08. "Fish protection device of the water intake structure". Authors: Chistyakov A.A., Fomenko V.A., Cherkasov V.A. and Skin V.N. Publ. 01/23/92. B.I. No. 3, 1992.

Claims (1)

A fish-protecting device of the water intake structure, including a fish-retaining screen installed in the watercourse, made in the form of hollow guides located across the watercourse and set in tiers along the depth of the watercourse with each higher tier shifting toward the water intake channel, a perforated air duct connected to the compressed air source and located at the bottom of the watercourse directly in front of the fish-retaining screen, located at the top of the fish-holding screen parallel to the duct trash drain tray connected to the fish outlet and means for removing young fish placed along the height of the fish-retaining screen, characterized in that the guides are made in a U-shape, set at an angle to the flow of the feed channel, while their planes are perforated, and the open end part facing the bottom of the watercourse, and the means for the removal of juvenile fish is made in the form of perforated screens located inside the guides and having the possibility - through the drive - of vertical movement rybozaderzhivayuschego height of the screen relative to other guides, carried by the edges of the shore supply channel, wherein the perforations screens and U-shaped guides do not coincide in the light.

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