RU2241345C1 - "arinal" substance for increasing meat productivity of farm animals - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, in particular, animal farming.

SUBSTANCE: hemisuccinate salbutamol introduced into ration of farm animals allows protein content in muscles to be increased, fat content to be reduced and moisture content to be kept at control level. As compared to control meat samples, muscular tissues of animals fed with hemisuccinate salbutamol are free from strands above tissues and gristles. Meat is characterized by improved softness. Force required for cutting of said meat corresponds to the level of control samples. Ratio of meat and fat mass of meat of animals fed with said substance is much higher owing to increased muscular tissue mass and reduced fatty tissue mass. Chemical content of meat with regard to moisture content and dry substance content (proteins, fat, ash) does not differ from that of control samples. Usage of hemisuccinate salbutamol does not require combination thereof with antibacterial, hormonal and other means.

EFFECT: increased live weight of carcass and, on the whole, slaughter yield, reduced time for increasing of meat productivity, improved quality of meat product free from chemical by-products.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture and can be used to increase meat productivity when fattening farm animals.

Modern technologies to increase productivity are aimed at studying the mechanisms underlying the increase in living muscle mass and the search for new tools to increase the lethal output.

One of the most promising areas is the use of beta 2-agonists. According to several authors (F. Hoho. Receptor models. Neurochemistry. Fundamentals and principles. M. 1990. P.243; Lomo T. Motor innervation of muscle. London - New York - San Francisco. Asa. Of Press. 1976. P .289; Pluskal VG, Pennington RJ Exper. Neurol. 1976. V.51. P.574) skeletal muscle is an organ whose function is completely dependent on innervation, violation or weakening of this function leads to a complete loss of specificity of muscle proteins (as synthesis, and destruction). This process is accompanied by increased proteolysis and the occurrence of defects in various systems of regulation of protein synthesis. Violation of muscle denervation significantly reduces the activity of cell ribosomes and reduces the weight of the muscle itself.

Selective beta 2-adrenergic agonists (beta 2-agonists), stimulating specific beta-receptors, produce on the inner side of the membrane a “second messenger” - cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and guaninomonophosphate (GMF), which activate cellular protein phosphate kinase transfer enzyme from ATP to serine and threonine residues of protein substrates. The primary response of the mediator (when excited by a beta-agonist receptor) also opens an ion channel for calcium. Calcium ions, inactivating adenylate cyclase, contribute to the concentration in the cell of the same cyclic nucleotides - AMP and GMF.

The data presented explain the mechanism of the regulatory effect on protein-synthetic processes in the body inherent to beta 2-agonists.

A known tool for increasing the meat productivity of gobies is cimeterol, which belongs to beta 2 agonists (Vestergaazd M., Purup S., Henckel P. et all. Effect of growth hormone and cimaterol on meat quality and muscle fihze characteristics // Beef carcass and meat quality assessment, Proceedings of a Satellite Simposium of 6-7 sept. 1991. Dummersdorf, Germany; Froschungszentrm fur Tierproduction. 1991. P.69-77.). Cimeterol - a drug for the treatment of bronchopulmonary diseases was used for fattening gobies. To increase its effectiveness, it was combined with growth hormone - somatotrophin, adding them to the feed at doses of 0.1-0.5 g / kg and 0.06 U / kg, respectively.

An increase in the average daily gain in live weight was recorded in experimental animals 18 percent higher than the control gain, a decrease in feed costs per 1 kg gain was also 18 percent compared with the control (i.e., animals not receiving cimeterol).

However, when using this tool, an increase in meat stiffness was noted - the force when cutting was 3 times higher than usual. A deterioration in the culinary properties of meat was noted. The use of hormonal agents that have a side effect on the animals themselves and the quality of the meat is also undesirable.

Salbutamol (German Federal Patent No. 3721580, class IPC: A 23 K 1/22, 1989), which belongs to the group of beta 2-adrenergic agonists, was adopted as the closest analogue.

Salbutamol is used as a feed additive in fairly high doses - up to 50-100 mg per 1 kg of live weight. To enhance the effect, it is combined with antimicrobial (gentamicin, biomycin) and steroidal agents (prednisone). An improvement in growth rate, feed efficiency, an increase in the amount of lean meat and a decrease in the thickness of bacon were noted.

However, due to the low bioavailability, the drug is used in high doses, which leads to the inevitable side effect of the heart and blood vessels (tachycardia and increased blood pressure). At the same time, the growth-promoting activity of the drug is reduced.

A disadvantage of the known funds is the need for its combination with antibacterial and hormonal agents.

The objective of the invention is to provide a highly effective means of increasing the meat productivity of farm animals, which allows to reduce the effective dose, to exclude the use of antimicrobial and hormonal agents.

The essence of the invention consists in the use of salbutamol hemisuccinate as a means to increase the meat productivity of farm animals.

The use of salbutamol hemisuccinate to increase the meat productivity of farm animals allows to obtain the following technical result.

In a short time (due to an increase in average daily growth), live body weight of the carcass and, in general, slaughter yield increase. In the muscles, the protein content increases, the fat content decreases, the amount of moisture is maintained at the control level.

Compared with the control, the muscle tissue of animals treated with salbutamol hemisuccinate does not have woven cords or cartilage. The meat is soft, the effort to cut it is at the control level. The ratio of meat and fat mass in animals treated with this tool is significantly higher due to an increase in meat and a decrease in adipose tissue. At the same time, the chemical composition of meat does not differ from control samples in terms of moisture and dry matter content (proteins, fat, ash).

The use of salbutamol hemisuccinate does not require its combination with antimicrobial, hormonal and other means, which makes it possible to obtain high-quality meat products that do not contain side chemical ingredients.

Salbutamol hemisuccinate as a means of increasing the meat productivity of farm animals, is used by the authors for the first time. The high effectiveness of the drug is due to its stimulating effect on protein synthesis in muscle tissues.

The authors found that when administered orally, the drug exhibits an adrenomimetic effect, which allows it to affect protein synthesis at the cellular level. Succinic acid contained in the preparation is a natural metabolite, participates in energy metabolism, and increases bioavailability.

The authors worked out an effective dose of salbutamol hemisuccinate (200-700 μg / kg animal weight), in which it significantly increases the average daily and gross increase in live weight, the amount of meat, slaughter yield in gobies, reduces the internal fat content and the thickness of fat in pigs, stimulates the synthesis protein in skeletal muscles, without changing the chemical composition of meat in meat breeds of rabbits, gobies, pigs and broiler chickens.

It is known the use of salbutamol hemisuccinate as a bronchodilator drug for the relief of asthma attacks (RU 2097026, class IPC A 61 K 9/22, 1997). On the basis of the drug salbutamol (beta 2-adrenergic agonist), the authors of this invention created a new drug, additionally containing succinic acid (hemisuccinate), developed its dosage form, a method for its preparation. The results of clinical trials confirming the high bronchodilator activity of arinal and the possibility of using it to treat bronchial asthma in humans are presented.

To increase the meat productivity of farm animals, salbutamol hemisuccinate is used as follows. For 1.0 ton of dry food, salbutamol hemisuccinate is added in the form of a dry or aqueous solution containing 8 g of powder. Food is given to animals at the rate of 200-700 μg of the drug per kg of animal weight twice a day.

Tests of the drug (experimental and scientific-production were carried out on the basis of the SEC “Kurba” of the Yaroslavl region, the agricultural enterprise “Novoselki” of the Yaroslavl region and VNITIP (Institute of Poultry).

In all the examples described, the drug is used without combination with hormonal, antimicrobial and other additives.

1. The effect of salbutamol hemisuccinate on the rate of incorporation of an amino acid radionuclide into cell culture proteins

Under sterile boxing conditions, the 11-day-old chicken embryo, after washing in Hanks solution with the addition of 0.15 g of penicillin, was subjected to 2-fold trypsinization for 20 minutes each using a magnetic stirrer. The trypsinized mass was centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 15 minutes. 60 ml of culture medium (50% Medium Eagle and 50% Medium 199) were added to a solid precipitate and thoroughly pipetted. The mixture was poured into sterile tubes (3 ml each). 0.1 ml of the amino acid radionuclide (glycine-2C14) with a specific radioactivity of 492100 cpm was added to each of the tubes. Ten test tubes served as a control; in ten others, a sterile solution of salbutamol hemisuccinate was added at a concentration of 100 μg / L (test tubes). Control and experimental tubes were placed in a thermostat at t = 37 ° C.

After three days of incubation, nutrient medium was removed from all tubes and the radioactivity of the monolayer of cell culture was determined using a “Marc-2” counter.

The results of the experiment showed that salbutamol hemisuccinate increased by 46.3 percent the incorporation of the amino acid radionuclide into cell culture proteins in experimental tubes compared to control ones.

2. The effect of salbutamol hemisuccinate on livestock productivity indicators in meat rabbits.

Salbutamol hemisuccinate in the average effective dose (ED50) established by the authors in preliminary experiments, equal to 700 μg / kg, was administered intragastrically daily for 2 months to 10 California rabbits of the initial weight of 1.3 kg. Ten other animals of similar body weight constituted a control group. Feeding and keeping the animals were identical. After 60 days, the animals were slaughtered by air embolism.

The live weight of animals was determined at the beginning of the experiment and after the 1st and 2nd months. Slaughter yield was calculated as the ratio of slaughter mass to slaughter mass. expressed as a percentage. The mass of pulp and internal fat by weighing after deboning the carcass.

The results of the experiment are shown in table 2

From the data of table 2 it follows that salbutamol hemisuccinate increased both live and post-slaughter body weight of rabbits, and in the latter case, significantly by 16 percent. The average daily (over 60 days of the experiment) increase in live weight in experimental animals significantly exceeded the control by 18.4 percent. Slaughter indicators - pulp mass and slaughter yield also significantly exceed the control values. The fat burning effect — the lipolytic effect — is noteworthy: the mass of internal carcass fat with the introduction of the beta 2-agonist of salbutamol hemisuccinate decreased by 47.4 percent compared with the control value of this indicator.

3. The effect of salbutamol hemisuccinate on zootechnical indicators of meat productivity of cattle bulls (cattle).

Gobies of cattle of 3 months of age were divided into 2 groups (5 animals each), taking into account the requirements of the zootechnical method of analogue pairs. One of the groups served as a control; the bulls of the second group were individually individually fed daily salbutamol hemisuccinate at a dose of 350 μg / kg body weight for 3 months. Animals were weighed at the beginning of the experiment, then, at the end of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd months. The feed ration was strictly balanced for all nutrients. Blood for biochemical analysis was taken from the jugular vein and the content of free amino acids was determined according to V.E. Predtechensky [1] and total protein according to Lowry [2]. The results of the experiment are presented in table 3.

As a result of the 3-month exposure of salbutamol hemisuccinate in the gobies of the experimental group, the average daily gain in live weight was 35 percent higher than in the control; the level of free amino acids in the blood decreased by 10 percent, which indicates the activation of protein-synthetic processes in animals and is confirmed by a significant increase in protein content.

4. The effect of salbutamol hemisuccinate on indicators of meat productivity in pigs.

The effect of the drug on the indicators of meat productivity in pigs was studied on large white-boron fences with a production weight of 50.0 ± 2.5 kg, which were formed in 2 groups: control (10 animals) and experimental (10 animals) using the analogue method. Feeding and keeping animals was strictly similar. A nutritional diet balanced in terms of nutrient content in accordance with the VIZh norms [3] ensured an average daily gain in live weight of 450.0-500.0 g. Arinal at a dose of 350 μg / kg live weight was fed individually in powder once a day in the process morning feeding the animals of the experimental group for 2 months.

Upon reaching the animals of the experimental group of the slaughter mass, a control slaughter was performed. The list of slaughter indicators was consistent with the methodological recommendations of the RAAS. The absolute protein content in skeletal muscle was determined by Lowry. Blood for biochemical analysis was taken from the tail vein before slaughter.

The results of the experiment are shown in table 4.

The table shows that the average daily gain in live weight over 60 days of experiment in experimental animals exceeded that in the control by 158.0 g, and therefore the gross increase in live weight under the action of salisamide hemisuccinate over 32 days exceeded the control by 32 percent.

The slaughter mass of animals of the experimental group is on average 17 percent higher than the control, which increased the slaughter yield by 2.7 points.

The lipolytic effect on fat metabolism, characteristic of sympathomimetics, in salbutamol hemisuccinate was manifested by a decrease in the thickness of bacon by 20 percent.

The level of free amino acids in the blood decreased by 10.4 percent; the protein content in the blood and skeletal muscle increased by 11 percent.

5. The effect of salbutamol hemisuccinate on the live weight of broiler chickens and the use of nutrients.

The effect of the drug in doses of 200, 400, 600 μg / kg live weight was studied on 120 broiler chickens of the “Competitor” cross. The latter was added to feed mixtures and fed to chickens from daily to 49 days of age. A group of 40 chickens served as a control and received feed mixtures without the addition of salisbutamol hemisuccinate.

It was established that the live weight of the bird increased in the experimental groups more intensively than in the control, throughout the entire period of the experiment. At the same time, from the 1st to the 4th week, salbutamol hemisuccinate contributed to the development of chickens: from the 4th week, it stimulated an increase in muscle mass. The greatest increase in live weight caused a dose of 400 μg / kg of body weight (table 5).

The average daily gain in live weight over the past 3 weeks of exposure to salbutamol hemisuccinate significantly exceeded the control by 12.8 percent. The exchange experience revealed a positive nitrogen balance in the experimental broiler chickens.

6. The effect of salbutamol hemisuccinate on the chemical composition of muscles.

In each series of experiments, the chemical composition of the muscles was determined in order to predict the quality of the meat. For analysis, the longest muscle of the back was taken; broilers have pectoral muscle. The results of the analysis are shown in table 6.

According to the analysis, the chemical composition of the muscles of experimental animals and birds did not differ much from the control indicators; this should be especially noted with respect to total moisture: only in birds did this indicator slightly exceed the control. Therefore, we can conclude that the increase in muscle mass under the action of salbutamol hemisuccinate is due to an increase in protein content (tables 3, 4), but not by saturation with moisture.

Thus, in six experimentally tested examples, it is proved that the well-known drug salbutamol hemisuccinate can be used for a new purpose, namely: to stimulate meat productivity in animal husbandry and poultry farming. At the same time, live weight, carcass weight, slaughter yield and average daily gain increase. In the blood and skeletal muscle, the protein content increases. The fat-burning effect of the drug allows you to get lean meats that do not differ in chemical composition from control samples.

The studies were carried out in accordance with generally accepted methods.

Literature

1. The Forerunner VV Clinical Laboratory Research Guide. - M .: 1972, p. 286-288.

2. Berezov T.T., Burobina S.S. et al. Manual for laboratory studies in biological chemistry. - M .: 1976, p. 240-245.

3. Kalashnikov A.P., Venediktov A.M., Viktorov P.I. et al. Feeding of farm animals. Directory. Second edition, revised and supplemented. - M.: 1988, p.335-346.

Claims (1)

The use of salbutamol hemisuccinate as a means to increase the meat productivity of farm animals.