RU2236968C2 - Air conditioning plant for restaurant cars of railway trains - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway transport; air conditioning devices for rail cars and restaurant cars.

SUBSTANCE: proposed air conditioning plant is made is made in form of single self-contained unit arranged in under-roof space of rail car and it has hermetically sealed heat-insulated housing accommodating cooling machine equipment and divided by partition into two compartments. Cooling compressor, at least, one axial-flow fan and air condensers are installed in first compartment. Plenum fan and outside air valve, air filter, electric and water air heaters and air cooler, all arranged in series in direction of processed air flow, are installed in second compartment. Novelty is that recirculation air valve and additional plenum fan and air cooler are installed in second compartment. Housing is provided additionally with port with fitted-in air filter to receive recirculation air from restaurant car kitchen and additional port to let out air processed in additional air cooler with possibility of its delivery by additional plenum fan into air duct of restaurant cat kitchen. Said plenum fans are provided with thyratron motors to ensure stepless control of speed.

EFFECT: improved performance characteristics of air conditioner, possibility of stepless control of output parameters of air, provision of comfort able conditions both in restaurant can and in kitchen.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to equipment for railway transport, providing comfortable conditions for passengers in cars, in particular, to air conditioning units installed in restaurant cars.

Known air conditioning systems (SCR) in restaurant cars, consisting of an air conditioning installation (VHF), providing cooling, heating and supply of external air to the car, and an exhaust system that removes air from the kitchen and other rooms [1].

The disadvantages of such hard currency are their bulkiness, low operational reliability and high energy intensity.

The closest technical solution to the claimed invention, adopted as a prototype, is the installation of air conditioning for passenger cars (UKV-31), made in the form of a single autonomous unit, placed in the under-roof space of the working platform of a railway carriage, containing a sealed heat-insulated casing with equipment refrigeration machine. Moreover, the case is divided by a partition into two compartments. At the same time, the refrigeration compressor, axial fan, air condensers are installed in one compartment, and the supply fan and the external air valves symmetrically located relative to it, air filters, air coolers, water and electric heaters are in the other. Installation elements are connected by pipelines. The case has windows for air inlet and outlet [2].

The main disadvantage of this installation is the lack of efficiency due to the inability to regulate the performance of the supply fan, as well as the inability to operate the air conditioner only in the outdoor air and, as a result, the inability to provide comfortable conditions not only in the cabin of the restaurant car, but also in the kitchen.

The aim of the present invention is the creation of such an air conditioning installation of restaurant cars, which would provide high efficiency, the possibility of smooth regulation and maintaining comfortable conditions not only in the cabin of the restaurant car, but also in the kitchen.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the claimed installation of air conditioning in dining cars of passenger rail transport, made in the form of a single autonomous unit, placed in the roof space of a railroad car, containing a sealed insulated casing with windows for air inlet and outlet and with refrigeration equipment placed in it machines, divided into two compartments, with a refrigeration compressor, at least one axial fan, air condensers installed in the first compartment, and the supply fan and the outdoor air valve, air filter, air cooler, electric and water heaters arranged sequentially in the direction of the air processed in the installation, in the second, according to the invention, a recirculation air valve is installed in the second compartment, as well as additional supply fan and air cooler at the same time, a window is additionally made in the housing with an air filter installed in it with the possibility of recirculation spirit from the kitchen of the restaurant car and an additional window for the outlet of the air processed in the additional air cooler with the possibility of supplying it with an additional supply fan to the air duct of the kitchen of the restaurant car.

To ensure smooth regulation of the performance and parameters of the air in the restaurant car, all fans have valve motors with the ability to continuously control the speed.

The invention is illustrated by the description with reference to the drawings, where

figure 1 presents the layout diagram of one of the embodiments of the installation; figure 2 is a schematic pneumohydraulic diagram of the installation of air conditioning in dining cars of passenger railway transport.

The air conditioning installation in restaurant cars of passenger railway transport (Fig. 1) consists of a heat-insulated building 1 with windows for air inlet and outlet, divided by a partition 2 into two compartments with the equipment of a refrigeration machine. In the first compartment, a screw compressor 3 with a receiver, at least one axial fan 4 and condensers 5 are installed. In the second compartment, a supply fan 6 is installed, and outside air valve 7, air filter 8, water filter 9, and electric 10 air heaters are sequentially in the direction of the processed air. , air cooler 11, as well as a recirculation air valve 12, air cooler 13 and a supply fan 14. In the second compartment of the housing 1, an inlet window 15 with an air filter 16 installed in it and an outlet window are additionally made 17.

The air conditioning installation in restaurant cars of passenger railway transport operates in the following modes:

- air cooling;

- ventilation;

- air heating (in the heat pump mode or with the help of electric and water heaters).

When the unit is operating in cooling or heating mode using a heat pump, a refrigeration machine and ventilation equipment are involved. Air treatment is as follows (figure 2). When the chiller is turned on under the vacuum created by the supply fan 6, external and recirculated air enters the unit through the windows in the wall of the housing 1, the flow rates of which are regulated by valves 7 and 12. The flows of the external and recirculated air are mixed through air filters 8. Further, the air passes through the channel with heat exchangers, is processed in the air cooler 11 and is pumped by the supply fan 6 into the supply air duct of the restaurant car compartment through the exit window Supply air ode. At the same time, under the influence of the vacuum created by the supply fan 14, recirculation air from the kitchen room enters the unit through an additional inlet window 15. In this case, it is cleaned in the grease air filter 16. The recirculation air is processed in the additional air cooler 13 and the supply fan 14 through an additional window 17 in the housing 1 is fed into the supply air duct of the kitchen of the restaurant car

When operating in ventilation mode, the chiller, the water heater 9, the electric heater 10 are turned off and only the supply fan 6, the valve for outdoor air 7 and recirculated air 12 are activated.

When operating in air heating mode, a water heater 9 and an electric heater 10 can be activated. Adjustable air exchange is provided by valves 7 and 12. Air is forced into the car using a supply fan 6, as described above.

In the heat pump mode, the unit provides heating of the supply air during operation of the refrigeration machine. The flows of the refrigerant are reversed and hot steam is pumped into the air cooler 11, which is pumped from the screw compressor 3. The air passing through the air cooler 11 is heated by removing heat from the condensing vapor of the refrigerant.

The use of valve motors for supply fans operating from on-board batteries of a car with a DC voltage allows intensive caring out of the car in cases of failure of the main electrical equipment (generator, converter, etc.) that provides power to the unit.

Sources of information

1. Ventilation systems and air conditioning installations. Wagons / Ed. L.D. Kuzmina. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1978.

2. Manual for installation and operation of UKV-31.RE. JSC “Island” Moscow, 2000

Claims (2)

1. Installation of air conditioning in restaurant cars of passenger railway transport, made in the form of a single autonomous unit, located in the roof space of a railway carriage, containing a sealed heat-insulated casing with the equipment of the refrigeration machine, divided by a partition into two compartments, moreover, a refrigeration compressor at least one axial fan, air condensers installed in the first compartment, and the supply fan and arranged in series in the direction of the processed air, an external air valve, an air filter, an electric and water heaters, an air cooler - in the second, characterized in that a second air recirculation valve is installed in the second compartment, as well as an additional supply fan and air cooler, while a window with an installed in it with an air filter with the possibility of recirculation air entering the specified window from the kitchen of the restaurant car and an additional window for the exit of the processor supplied in an additional air cooler with the possibility of supplying it with an additional supply fan to the kitchen duct of the restaurant car. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the supply fans have valve motors with the ability to continuously control the speed.

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