RU2229991C2 - Traction vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway transport; diesel and electric locomotives. SUBSTANCE: proposed traction vehicle contains main frame equipped with coupler gears, body, cabin, two-stage spring suspension, two three-axle bogies containing frames, spring suspension, wheelsets with axle-boxes, traction electric motors, traction reduction gears, tie-rods and guides. Main frame is hinge-connected with bogie frames by central brackets with tie rods. Two side brackets of main frame are hinge-connected with brackets of axle-boxes of front wheelset of front bogie and rear wheelset of rear bogie by ties, their axle-boxes being connected with frames of corresponding bogies by guides located higher than their axles. Two other side brackets are hinge-connected with brackets of rear wheelset axle boxes of front bogie and front wheelset of rear bogie by ties, their axle-boxes being connected with frames of corresponding bogies by guides arranged lower than their axles. Brackets of axle-boxes are passed through sides of bogie frames. Maximum possible adhesion weight utilization factor is determined by equation. EFFECT: reduced overall dimensions of vehicle, especially its cantilevers provision of negotiation and adhesion in small radius tracks and radial setting of wheelsets at negotiating tracks. 3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to railway transport, in particular to freight, passenger, shunting and industrial diesel locomotives and electric locomotives, and relates to the design of devices designed to transmit torques of traction motors of a traction vehicle to its wheels and traction force from the wheels to the main frame and coupling device, as well as to give the wheelset a radial setting when moving in curves.

A traction vehicle is known that contains a main frame equipped with automatic couplings, on which a diesel engine with a current generator, a driver’s cab, a diesel cooling system, a pneumatic system, electrical equipment, a control system, a body, trolleys containing frames, rods, braking systems, spring suspension, wheel mounted couples, traction electric motors equipped with gears, in which the maximum coefficient of utilization of the traction weight for a traction vehicle is achieved by the fact that the frame of each trolley ends arnirno connected to the main body frame or two rods, one of which is directed forward and the other backward, or single thrust forwardly disposed at an angle to the horizontal (№ patent 2143354, C 61 B 11/00, Russia).

The disadvantages of this design are the increased size of the trolleys due to the rods and, consequently, the traction vehicle, especially its consoles, which in turn leads to difficult adhesion to the rolling stock in curves of small radius 60 and 40 meters, as well as the difficult passage of such curves from due to the large rotation angles of the rods relative to the frames of the bogies, large wear of the tires and high resistance to movement in the curves due to the lack of radial installation of the wheelset.

The technical result of the invention is to reduce the size of the traction vehicle, especially its consoles, to ensure the passage of small radius curves of 60 and 40 meters, to ensure the adhesion of the traction vehicle with rolling stock in the curves of small radius and radial installation of wheel sets during their passage, which reduces costs on its manufacture, operation and repair.

The technical result is achieved in that in a traction vehicle containing a main frame equipped with coupling devices, a body, a cabin, two-stage spring suspension, two three-axle bogies containing frames, spring suspension, wheel pairs with axle boxes, traction motors, traction gearboxes, traction, leashes, the main frame of the traction vehicle is equipped with central brackets located along its longitudinal axis, missed between the middle and rear axles of the front trolley, as well as between the front and the middle axles of the rear bogie, and articulated rods located horizontally or at an angle to the horizontal in the vertical median plane, with the frames of these bogies, and four side brackets for each bogie, two of which are pivotally connected to the brackets of the axle boxes of the front wheel pair of the front bogie and the rear wheelset of the rear carriage by ties located at an angle to the horizontal or horizontal, while the axle boxes of these wheelsets are connected to the frames of the respective carts by leashes located above their d, and two other side brackets are pivotally connected to the brackets of the axleboxes of the rear wheel pair of the front carriage and the front wheel pair of the rear carriage by ties located at an angle to the horizontal or horizontal, while the axle boxes of these wheel pairs are connected to the frames of the respective carts by leashes located below their axes In addition, the maximum possible utilization of the grip weight is determined by the expression

η _max = 1-N · Ψ · H _a / (3 · L),

where N is the number of traction axles;

Ψ - coefficient of adhesion of wheels to rails;

N _a - the height of automatic couplings above the top of the rail heads;

L is the distance between the middle of the front and rear bogies,

and achieved by the fact that the parameters of the device, taken once, are determined by the ratios

A = 0.5 · C _c (a · (ba) · C _p -P); B = C _s · C _p · (ba) ² + C _pb · (C _p · a ² + C _s · b ² ); B = P · (C _s + C);

G = l ₃ · C _c · ((ba) · С _p + b · С _pb ) · (tgα; П = 2 · е ² · С _pr ; C = С _p + С _pb ;

And = C · P · (C _s + C _mk ); C _tk = C _t · C _k / (C _t + C _k );

Y = C · d · C _s · C _tk ; T = c · d · C _s · C _p ·; W = C · P · C _s ;

M = d + 1 ₄ · tgβ;

D = (Ψ · T · (C _mk -1.5 · C _pb ) -1.5 · Ψ · W) / (Ψ · (M · Y + I + T · C _pb ));

F ₁ = A · Ψ · Q _scc / (B + C + D); F ₂ = D · Ψ · Q _sc ;

F _f = C _f · (C + C _tk ) · (1.5 · Ψ · Q _cc + F ₁ + F ₂ ) / (C _f · (C + C _tk ) + C _tk · C)

F ₁ · (b + r-h + l ₁ · tgα) + F ₂ · (d + r-h + l ₂ · tgβ) - (H _f -h) · F _f = 1.5 · Ψ · Q _sc H

where F ₁ and F ₂ are the horizontal projections of the forces in the connections connecting the side brackets of the main frame with the brackets of the axleboxes of the front wheelset of the front carriage and the rear wheelset of the rear carriage and, accordingly, the rear wheelset of the front carriage and the front wheel pair of the rear carriage;

F _f - half the longitudinal transverse forces of the second stage of spring suspension;

Q _sc - the coupling weight of the wheelset; a and c are the vertical distances between the axles of the axleboxes of the respective wheelsets and their leashes;

b and d are the vertical distances between the axles of the axleboxes and the hinges of the levers of the axleboxes of the respective wheel pairs;

r is the radius of the wheel;

α, β are the angles of inclination to the horizon of the corresponding bonds;

l ₁ and l ₂ - horizontal longitudinal distances between the hinges of the axle boxes and the hinges of the corresponding central brackets;

l ₃ and l ₄ - horizontal longitudinal distances between the hinges of the levers of the axleboxes and the corresponding axleboxes;

e is the horizontal distance between the axle box spring and the axle shaft;

h is the vertical distance between the hinge of the central bracket and the level of the top of the rail heads;

C _with and With _p - the longitudinal stiffness of the bond and leash;

With _PB and C _ol - the transverse and longitudinal stiffness of the axle box assembly;

H _f - the height of the second stage of spring suspension above the level of the top of the rail heads;

C _f - half the transverse rigidity of the second stage of spring suspension;

With _t and With _to - horizontal traction stiffness with a traverse and half the horizontal stiffness of the Central bracket, and the brackets axle boxes are passed through the sidewalls of the frames of the bogies.

This embodiment of the traction vehicle and in particular the supply of the main frame of the traction vehicle with central brackets located along its longitudinal axis and missed between the middle and rear axles of the front carriage, as well as between the front and middle axes of the rear carriage, and articulated rods located horizontally or at an angle to the horizontal in the vertical median plane, with the frames of these trolleys, and four side brackets for each trolley, two of which are pivotally connected to the bracket the axleboxes of the front wheelset of the front carriage and the rear wheelset of the rear carriage by ties located at an angle to the horizontal or horizontal, while the axle boxes of these wheelsets are connected to the frames of the respective carts by leashes located above their axles, and two other side brackets are pivotally connected to the brackets axleboxes of the rear wheelset of the front carriage and the front wheelset of the rear carriage by bonds located at an angle to the horizontal or horizontal, while the axle boxes of these wheelsets are connected to the frames sponding trolleys leashes disposed below their axes, achievement of the best possible utilization of the coupling weight, determined by the expression

η _max = 1-N · Ψ · H _a / (3 · L),

where N is the number of traction axles;

Ψ - coefficient of adhesion of wheels to rails;

N _a - the height of automatic couplings above the top of the rail heads;

L is the distance between the middle of the front and rear bogies,

determination of device parameters taken once according to the ratios

A = 0.5 · C _c (a · (ba) · (C _p -P); B = C _s · C _p · (ba) ² + C _pb · (C _p · a ² + C _s · b ² ); B = P * (C _s + C);

G = l ₃ · C _c · ((ba) · С _p + b · С _pb ) · (tgα; П = 2 · е ² · С _pr ; C = С _p + С _pb ;

And = C · P · (C _s + C _mk ); C _tk = C _t · C _k / (C _t + C _k );

Y = C · d · C _c · C _mk ; T = c · d · C _c · C _p ; W = C · P · C _s ;

M = d + l ₄ · tgβ;

D = (Ψ · T · (C _mk -1.5 · C _pb ) -1.5 · Ψ · W) / (Ψ · (M · Y + I + T · C _pb ));

F ₁ = A · Ψ · Q _scc / (B + C + D); F ₂ = D · Ψ · Q _sc ;

F _f = C _f · (C + C _tk ) · (1.5 · Ψ · Q _cc + F ₁ + F ₂ ) / (C _f · (C + C _tk ) + C _tk · C)

F ₁ · (b + r-h + l ₁ · tgα) + F ₂ · (d + r-h + l ₂ · tgβ) - (H _f -h) · F _f = 1.5 · Ψ · Q _sc H

where F ₁ and F ₂ are the horizontal projections of the forces in the connections connecting the side brackets of the main frame with the brackets of the axleboxes of the front wheelset of the front carriage and the rear wheelset of the rear carriage and, accordingly, the rear wheelset of the front carriage and the front wheel pair of the rear carriage;

R _f - half the longitudinal transverse forces of the second stage of spring suspension;

Q _sc - the grip weight of the wheelset;

a and c are the vertical distances between the axles of the axleboxes of the respective wheelsets and their leashes;

b and d are the vertical distances between the axles of the axleboxes and the hinges of the levers of the axleboxes of the respective wheel pairs;

r is the radius of the wheel;

α, β are the angles of inclination to the horizon of the corresponding bonds;

l ₁ and l ₂ - horizontal longitudinal distances between the hinges of the axle boxes and the hinges of the corresponding central brackets;

l ₃ and l ₄ - horizontal longitudinal distances between the hinges of the levers of the axleboxes and the corresponding axleboxes;

e is the horizontal distance between the axle box spring and the axle shaft;

h is the vertical distance between the hinge of the central bracket and the level of the top of the rail heads;

C _with and With _p - the longitudinal stiffness of the bond and leash;

C _pb and C _pr - lateral and longitudinal stiffness of the axle box assembly;

H _f - the height of the second stage of spring suspension above the level of the top of the rail heads;

With _f - half the transverse rigidity of the second stage of spring suspension;

S _t and S _k - horizontal traction stiffness with traverse and half horizontal stiffness of the central bracket, and the passage of the axle box brackets through the sidewalls of the carriage frames reduces the size of the traction vehicle, especially its consoles, ensures the passage of small radius curves of 60 and 40 meters, ensures adhesion traction vehicle with rolling stock in the curves of small radius and the radial installation of wheel pairs during their passage, which leads to lower costs for its manufacture, operation and Repairing.

The proposed traction vehicle is presented in the drawings, where

figure 1 shows a traction vehicle, General view;

figure 2 shows a section aa in figure 1;

figure 3 shows a diagram of a traction vehicle;

The traction vehicle (Figs. 1-2) consists of a main frame 1 with automatic couplings 2, central brackets 3 and side brackets 4, a driver's cab 5, a body 6, spring suspension of the second stage 7, the front carriage 8, the rear carriage 9 with frames 10 , with sidewalls 11, with crossbars 12 and 13, front wheel pairs 14, middle wheel pairs 15, rear wheel pairs 16, axle boxes 17, with brackets 18, axle boxes 19, axle boxes 20, with arms 21, rods 22, ties 23, leads 24, traction motors 25, traction gears 26, axle box spring mi 27.

The traction vehicle operates as follows: the driver from the driver's cab 5 starts the traction vehicle and sets the necessary mode of operation, while the traction motors 25 of the front carriage 8 and the rear carriage 9 are supplied with voltage, from which they begin to rotate and create torques, which traction gears 26 are transmitted to the wheelsets 14, 15 and 16, which in turn begin to rotate, while in the zones of contact of the wheels with the rails there are traction forces. Traction forces from the wheels are transmitted to the axles of the wheelsets, and from them to the axle boxes 17, 19 and 20. From the axle boxes, the traction forces 24 are transmitted to the sidewalls 11 of the frames 10 of the trolleys 8 and 9, and from them to the cross members 13. When transmitting forces traction from axle boxes 17 and 20 to the sidewalls 11 of the frame 10 on the brackets 18 and 21 produces reactive forces created by the connections 23 with the side brackets 4 of the main frame 1. Further, the traction forces in total with the reactive forces of the brackets 18 and 21 from the cross members 13 are transmitted to the central brackets 3, and from them - to the main frame 1 of the traction vehicle and then to its automatic coupler 2. Traction forces when transferring from the wheel rim to the central bracket create a tipping moment on each trolley: M _opr = 3 · Ψ · Q _sc · h, and the reactive forces created by the connections on the axle box brackets create a restoring moment

_Moc = F ₁ · (b + r-h + l ₁ · tgα) + F ₂ (d + r-h + l ₂ · tgβ) - (H _f -h) · F _f.

The choice of device parameters a, b, c, d, h, α, β, l ₁ , l ₂ , l ₃ , l ₄ , C _c , C _c , C _t , C _k taken once, by condition: 2 _Sun M = _det M leads to the elimination of the tipping moment, and ensures that the tractive vehicle using the largest possible coupling coefficient equal weight

η _max = 1-N · Ψ · H _a / (3 · L).

For example: a traction vehicle with parameters: Q _sc = 230 kN, N = 6, Ψ = 0.4, N _a = 1.06 m, L = 16.8 m, a = 0.48 m, b = 0, 92 m, s = 0.2 m, d = 0.92 m, C _s = 1 · 10 ⁴ kN / m, C _p = 2 · 10 ⁴ kN / m, C _pb = 0.2 · 10 ⁴ kN / m, C _pr = 0.18 · 10 ⁴ kN / m, r = 0.525 m, α = β = 12 °, l ₁ = 3 m, l ₂ = 1.05 m, l ₃ = 0.2 m, l ₄ = 0.2 m, e = 0.3 m, h = 0.362 m, N _f = 1.65 m, C _f = 0.04 · 10 ⁴ kN / m, C _t = 15 · 10 ⁴ kN / m , With _k = 12 · 10 ⁴ kN / m, will have efforts in the bonds F ₁ = 20.67 kN, F ₂ = 15.12 kN and the equilibrium condition is 50.03 kNm = 49.96 kNm,

which indicates that this traction vehicle has the highest possible grip weight utilization ratio equal to

η _max = 1-6 · 0.4 · 1.06 / (3 · 16.8) = 0.95.

When the traction vehicle moves in curves, the carts 8 and 9 turn relative to the main frame 1, while in the left and right connections 23 there is a redistribution of reactive forces F ₁ and F ₂ , which in turn leads to a redistribution of longitudinal forces on the right and left axle boxes 17 and 20 and the creation of front and rear wheelsets 14 and 16 of the front 8 and rear 9 trolleys of turning moments, which set them in a radial position.

All this leads to a decrease in the size of the traction vehicle, especially its consoles, to ensure the passage of small radius curves of 60 and 40 meters, to ensure adhesion of the traction vehicle with rolling stock in the curves of small radius and radial installation of wheel pairs during their passage, which leads to a decrease the costs of its manufacture, operation and repair.

Claims (3)

1. Traction vehicle containing a main frame equipped with couplers, a body, a cab, two-stage spring suspension, two three-axle carts containing frames, spring suspension, wheel sets with axle boxes, traction motors, traction gearboxes, traction, leashes, characterized in that that the main frame of the traction vehicle is equipped with central brackets located along its longitudinal axis, missed between the middle and rear axles of the front carriage, and also between the front and middle axles of the rear trolley, and articulated rods located horizontally or at an angle to the horizontal in the vertical median plane, with the frames of these trolleys, and four side brackets for each trolley, two of which are pivotally connected to the brackets of the axleboxes of the front wheel pair of the front carriage and the rear wheel pair the back of the cart with ties located at an angle to the horizontal or horizontal, while the axle boxes of these wheelsets are connected to the frames of the respective carts by leashes located above their axes, and two other sides x brackets are pivotally connected to the brackets of the axleboxes of the rear wheelset of the front carriage and the front wheelset of the rear carriage by ties located at an angle to the horizontal or horizontal, while the axle boxes of these wheelsets are connected to the frames of the respective carts by leashes located below their axes. 2. Traction vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the maximum possible utilization of the coupling weight is determined by the expression

where N is the number of traction axles; Ψ - coefficient of adhesion of wheels to rails; N _a - the height of automatic couplings above the top of the rail heads; L is the distance between the middle of the front and rear bogies, and achieved by the fact that the parameters of the device, taken once, are determined by the ratios

where F ₁ and F ₂ are the horizontal projections of the forces in the connections connecting the side brackets of the main frame with the brackets of the axleboxes of the front wheelset of the front carriage and the rear wheelset of the rear carriage and, accordingly, the rear wheelset of the front carriage and the front wheel pair of the rear carriage; F _f - half the longitudinal transverse forces of the second stage of spring suspension; Q _sc - the grip weight of the wheelset; a and c are the vertical distances between the axles of the axleboxes of the respective wheelsets and their leashes; b and d are the vertical distances between the axles of the axleboxes and the hinges of the levers of the axleboxes of the respective wheel pairs; r is the radius of the wheel; α, β are the angles of inclination to the horizon of the corresponding bonds; l ₁ and l ₂ - horizontal longitudinal distances between the hinges of the axle boxes and the hinges of the corresponding central brackets; l ₃ and l ₄ - horizontal longitudinal distances between the hinges of the levers of the axleboxes and the corresponding axleboxes; e is the horizontal distance between the axle box spring and the axle shaft; h is the vertical distance between the hinge of the central bracket and the level of the top of the rail heads; C _with and With _p - the longitudinal stiffness of the bond and leash; With _PB and C _ol - the transverse and longitudinal stiffness of the axle box assembly; N _f - the height of the second stage of spring suspension above the level of the top of the rail heads; With _f - half the transverse rigidity of the second stage of spring suspension; With _t and C _to - horizontal traction stiffness with traverse and half the horizontal stiffness of the central bracket; 3. Traction vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the axlebox brackets are passed through the sidewalls of the trolley frames.

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