RU2693423C1 - Aerodynamic railway car - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to railway transport, particularly, to high-speed passenger trains. Aerodynamic railway car includes closed body (1) installed on rail car, and two aerodynamic elements (6) with horizontal and vertical arrangement in the form of aircraft wing, providing possibility of movement of car with support only on one rail. Wheels (3) on one side of railway cars are double-boarded, and wheels (4) on the other side of railway car are made with rubber tires. Car at end railway station is, resting wheels (3) is not rails, and wheels (4) on concrete path. Cars can be combined into a train.EFFECT: invention increases carrying capacity of single-track railways already existing or still under construction.4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to railway transport, namely to high-speed passenger trains and allows you to increase the capacity of existing or still under construction, one-track railways (hereinafter F / D).

Traditional railways, in order to increase the capacity, by ensuring that trains of the opposite direction of movement can simultaneously pass through them, provide for laying two routes over a common embankment at some distance from one another. In this case, each path includes two rows of rails laid on common sleepers. There are also trains that use monorail Railways (see monorails - Polytechnic Dictionary, Soviet Encyclopedia Publishing, Moscow, 1976, p. 299), but they cannot be used on conventional railways with a gauge of 1520 mm and therefore, special (monorail) Railway, as a rule, an overpass type, are used for movement.

The aim of the invention is to increase the capacity of conventional, one-way railway, by using them for oncoming movement of railway vehicles, mainly passenger high-speed trains.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the railway car containing a body with devices for coupling with other cars or locomotive at both ends and installed on two railway carts according to the invention, two aerodynamic elements are installed on the body roof in the form of an airplane wing and one of which is located horizontally and the other vertically. In addition, two-sided wheels with steel tires are installed on one side of the railway trolleys, and wheels with rubber tires are installed on the other side. In this case, both aerodynamic elements have the ability to fit longitudinally on the roof of the body, and also have the ability to change the transverse torque transmitted by them to the body during movement. Also, in the car can be installed dvc - electric generator, and the wheels of the railway carts can be equipped with electric drive.

FIG. 1 shows a car at the inter-station section of the railway track. FIG. 2 - the same, on the station section of the railway track. FIG. 3 shows a diagram of the application to the car of transverse rotational moments, when driving based on one rail.

The car includes a closed body 1 mounted on two Railway trucks containing frame 2 with two pairs of wheels 3 and 4 connected in pairs by axles 5. On the roof of body 1 there are two aerodynamic elements 6 attached to body 1 by articulated mechanisms 7 (in front parts of the car). Wheels 3, on one side of the railway carriages, are made with double-edge steel tires, and wheels 4, on the other side of the railway carts, are made with rubber tires. The body 1 can be equipped with an internal combustion engine — an electric generator (not shown), and the wheels 3 and 4 can be equipped with an electric drive 8. The articulated mechanisms 7 have devices that allow changing the transverse torque transmitted by the aerodynamic elements 6 to the body 1 during movement (not shown) . The bearing bushings 9 are located outside the wheels 3 and 4 and interact with the body 1 by means of a hydropneumatic suspension 10 (option). All wheels are equipped with brake mechanisms (not shown), and the electric drive 8 can operate in the mode of an electric generator (economical braking mode). The railway track on the inter-station track section includes the Railway canvas 11 and 12 rails laid on top of the sleepers 13. The railway track on the station track includes rail 13 laid on the sleepers 12 and concrete tracks 14 laid along side of the railway track, at the level of the rails' heads 13.

The car included in the train or operated autonomously, operates as follows. At the final railway station, car 1 is supported by wheels 3 on rails 13, and wheels 4 on concrete track 14 (Fig. 2). When this aerodynamic elements 6 are laid longitudinally on the roof of the body 1. After leaving a low speed outside the station aerodynamic elements 6 are transferred to the working position (see Fig. 1) and acceleration begins to cruise speed (300 ÷ 350 km / h) at which the transverse the torques created by the aerodynamic elements 6 are compared with the transverse torque of the reverse direction created by the mass of the car and the wheels 4 are detached from the concrete track 14.

CONDITION OF TRANSVERSE STABILITY (see Figure 3).

M0 = M1 + M2,

where M0 = P0 * L0; M1 = P1 * L1; M2 = P2 * L2;

where P0 - Static force due to the weight of the car (G).

L0 - Leverage the application of force P0 relative to the tipping point (rail head 12).

P1 - Dynamic force created by a horizontal aerodynamic element 6.

L1 - Leverage the application of force P1 relative to the tipping point.

P2 - Dynamic force created by the vertical aerodynamic element 6.

L2 - Leverage the application of force P2 relative to the tipping point.

Since L1 and L2, with the length of aerodynamic elements 6 ~ equal to the length of the car (12 ÷ 15 m), are many times higher than L0, then and. the forces P1 and P2, necessary to ensure the lateral stability of the car, will require many times smaller P0.

For safety reasons, the length of the concrete track 14 should exceed the distance required for acceleration-deceleration of the car. The same acceleration-brake section of the railway track (with concrete track 14) is also available on the other side of the station. Railway tracks with concrete paths 14 are also arranged under viaducts, power lines and other unremovable road obstacles. These sections of the cars pass with aerodynamic elements 6 laid on the roof of the body 1. When modernizing the already existing single-lane high-speed railway lines, additional equipment must be needed for their acceleration and brake sections equipped with concrete tracks 14. Also, to ensure the safe passage of oncoming cars (trains) on the F / For tracks with a standard track width (1520 mm), it will be necessary to increase the distance between wheels 3 and 4 to 2000 ÷ 2500 mm. At the same time, at the time of convergence of oncoming trains, they may additionally bend over to the outside. Before the car begins to tilt (smoothly), passengers are alerted with a sound or light signal.

When several aerodynamic railway cars are included in the train with a locomotive, the latter is also equipped with a pair of aerodynamic elements 6. And it is also equipped with two types of wheels: two-chord 3 and with rubber tires 4.

Claims (4)

1. A railway car containing a closed body with devices for coupling with other cars or a locomotive at both ends and mounted on two railway carts, characterized in that two aerodynamic elements in the form of an airplane wing and one of which is located horizontally, and the other vertically, and in railway carts two-sided wheels with steel tires are installed on one side, and wheels with rubber tires are installed on the other side. 2. The car under item 1, characterized in that both aerodynamic elements have the ability to fit longitudinally on the roof of the body, and also have the ability to change the transverse torque transmitted by them to the body during movement. 3. The car under item 1, characterized in that it has an internal combustion engine with an electric generator. 4. The car according to claim 1, characterized in that the wheels of the railway carriage are equipped with an electric drive.

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