RU2228262C2 - Mould for production of concrete articles - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: civil engineering and architecture, applicable for production of articles from high-early-strength mixes. SUBSTANCE: the mould represents a metal rigging in the form of a detachable angle frame with joining facilities and a bottom plate. A polymeric insert is installed in the mould, it is made of components in the form of a bottom and walls connected by an angle clamp installed for overlapping of the joint angles of the components around the edges of the base of the insert shaping surface. EFFECT: produced a universal and reliable structure of the mould. 4 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to construction and architecture and can be used in the manufacture of products from quick-hardening mixtures.

When creating building and architectural bulk products from concrete and reinforced concrete, metal detachable and inseparable forms are traditionally used, equipped with stripping devices or pressing mechanisms (see invention of the USSR No. 1705088, MKI 5 V 28 V 7/22, op. 15.01.92 and No. 1706871, MKI 5 V 28 V 7/24, op. 23.01.92).

The disadvantage of traditional forms is the complexity of the design and the complexity of removing the product from the mold, low molding productivity and low quality of the resulting product.

To improve the quality of the product and its extraction, a mold containing a base on which elastic external and internal formwork is rigidly fixed and equipped with a formwork mechanism is used (see USSR invention No. 1505786, MKI 4 V 28 V 7/22, op. 07.09.89) as well as lubricants of various compositions that process the inner surface of the molds (see invention of the USSR No. 880746, MKI 3 V 28 V 7/38, op. 1980 and No. 1715623, MKI 5 V 28 V 7/38, op. 29.02.92 )

There are also known forms for the manufacture of concrete and reinforced concrete products, in which, to improve the quality of products, the pallets and sides of the mold are made of porous cermets (see invention of the USSR No. 369010, MKI B 28 V 7/36, op. 08.11.73).

The use of cermets facilitates the extraction of products from the mold, but the surface quality of such products remains insufficiently high.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a form for the manufacture of products from cellular concrete according to the invention of the USSR No. 719877, MKI 2 V 28 V 7/00, op. 03/05/80 - prototype.

The known form comprises a detachable metal housing formed by two half-molds with means for their connection, inside of which is placed a fiberglass plastic-forming shell connected to the half-mold plane by means of plate compensators of a 2-shaped shape.

The design of the form ensures its tightness and allows you to get products with a higher quality surface and structure compared with known forms. However, the design is not reliable enough, its manufacture is difficult and time-consuming, the quality of the surfaces of manufactured products is not high enough. The form has limited use, as does not allow to manufacture products with a complex profile profile (with negative and positive surface curvature).

The task underlying the invention is to create a universal and reliable design of the mold, providing the possibility of forming high-quality products of various configurations, ease of removal of products and readjustment of the form, ease of removal and replacement of forming elements.

The problem is solved in that in a mold for the manufacture of concrete products containing a detachable metal tool with connecting means, inside which a forming polymer insert is placed, according to the invention, the metal tool is made in the form of a detachable corner frame and a pallet of sheet material, and the polymer insert is made of of constituent elements: the bottom and walls interconnected by a polymer corner clamp mounted along the perimeter of the base of the forming surface of the liner with the possibility of Coverings of right angles formed by the docking elements - the bottom and walls of the liner. The corner clamp is made in the form of a corner, one of the shelves of which is equipped with a platform mounted obliquely in the direction of the other shelf of the corner. At the same time, the pallet of metal accessories and the bottom of the polymer liner along the perimeter are enclosed in a corner clamp between the corner shelf and an inclined platform made in the form of a groove, and the liner walls are in the gap between the corner frame and the corner clamp groove. The corner clamp can be made in the form of a double corner, on both sides of which, between the parallel shelves, the bottom and walls of the liner are respectively enclosed.

Corner clamps installed in this way provide smoothing of the direct connecting angles of the forming elements, into which, as a rule, concrete is clogged during molding and the extraction of products is complicated. The presence of a corner clamp and its installation allows you to get a streamlined shape-forming surface of the liner, from which the molded product is easily removed. The universality of the form, the simplicity of formwork and the expansion of technological capabilities of the form by manufacturing products of various configurations is achieved by the fact that the forming surfaces of the constituent elements of the liner are made of various configurations and embossments corresponding to the surface of the molded product.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the shape in section, figure 2 is the same with a double corner clamp and the figured surface of the liner, figure 3 is a corner clamp of figure 1, a perspective view, in figure 4 is a corner clamp of figure 2 , axonometry.

The mold for the manufacture of concrete products consists of metal accessories made in the form of a detachable corner frame 1 and a pallet 2 of sheet material, a polymer insert made of composite elements in the form of a bottom 3 and four walls 4. Polymer corner clamp 5 (Fig. 1 and 3) consists of a corner, the vertical shelf 6 of which has a groove 7, inclined towards the horizontal shelf 8 of the corner. The tool pan 2 and the bottom of the liner 3 perimeter are enclosed between the shelf 6 of the corner and the groove 7, and the walls 4 of the liner are pressed against the corner frame 1 by the groove 7. The corner clamp 5 can be made in the form of a double corner (Figs. 2 and 4), both the sides of which between the parallel shelves 9 and 10 enclose respectively the bottom 3 and the walls 4 of the liner. The corner frame 1 is detachable so that the flanges 11 and 12 of its corners are connected by hinges 13, and the vertical flanges 12 have lock joints 14 in the form of latches, latches, etc.

For the manufacture of the proposed form using metal rolling and a polymeric material with low adhesion to concrete, for example heat-resistant polystyrene.

Figured composite forming surface 15 of the liner can be made of various complex configurations in shape corresponding to the surface of the molded product.

The form is mounted as follows.

On the metal pallet 2 snap stack the polymer bottom 3 of the liner and frame the corner clamp 5 (figure 1). Four polymer walls 4 of the liner are installed in the corner frame 1 snap and with the help of locks 14 close the vertical shelves 12 of the corner frame 1. At the same time, the walls 4 of the liner are pressed against the groove 7, which overlaps along the perimeter of the base of the liner the joints of its constituent elements and together with it form a streamlined the inner surface of the liner. When using the double corner clamp (Figs. 2 and 4), the bottom 3 and the walls 4 of the liner are installed with an interference fit between the parallel shelves 9 and 10, respectively, and the assembled liner is installed in the metal tooling of the mold, the folding flanges of the corner frame are closed and the form is ready to work.

The manufacture of products in the proposed form is as follows.

The liner cavity is filled with concrete mixture, compacted with external or internal vibrational influence, and after a short exposure of the product to gain stripping strength, the finished product is easily removed from the mold by tipping it onto a horizontal plane.

For the manufacture of products of complex configuration, a set of composite elements of the walls and the bottom of the liner is used corresponding to the shape of the product. When the form is dismantled, the locks 14 are opened, the shelves 12 of the frame 1 are tipped to the sides, thereby freeing the walls 4 and the molded product. In case of damage to the polymer components of the liner, they are easily replaced by others, the mold is closed with locks 14, and the molding cycle is repeated.

For the manufacture of patterned products on the surface of the liner before molding put the appropriate decorative matrix layer.

The proposed form has a wide range of applications for the manufacture of concrete products, including reinforced, of various structural forms with a glossy, embossed or patterned surface.

Claims (4)

1. A mold for the manufacture of concrete products, including a detachable metal tooling with connecting means, in which a polymer insert is placed, characterized in that the metal tooling is made in the form of a detachable corner frame and a pallet of sheet material, and the polymer insert is made of composite elements: bottom and walls interconnected by a polymer corner clamp installed with the possibility of overlapping joints of the constituent elements along the perimeter of the base of the forming surface of the liner. 2. The mold according to claim 1, characterized in that the corner clamp is made in the form of a corner, one of the shelves of which is equipped with a platform mounted obliquely in the direction of the other shelf of the corner, and the tool tray and the bottom of the liner around the perimeter are enclosed in a corner clamp between the corner shelf and an inclined platform made in the form of a gutter, and the walls of the liner - between the corner frame of the snap and the gutter of the corner clamp. 3. The mold according to claim 1, characterized in that the corner clamp is made in the form of a double corner, on both sides of which between the parallel shelves there is a bottom and walls of the liner. 4. The mold according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the forming surfaces of the constituent elements of the liner are made of various configurations and relief corresponding to the surface of the molded product.

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