RU2225465C1 - Apparatus for stapling of flax fiber in strip - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: textile industry, in particular, textile fiber stapling method. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has rolls for feeding strip into working chamber made in the form of housing with pulling drums arranged inside working chamber and equipped with beaters, which are fixed on pulling drums in two parallel planes. Each beating plank is offset in direction opposite to direction of rotation so that working edge of each beating plank extending along line, which connects centers of rotation of drums, and in parallel therewith, is offset with respect to said line in direction opposite to direction of rotation of drums. EFFECT: reduced dimensions of apparatus, improved quality of fiber owing to reduced linear density and content of non-cellulose contaminants therein. 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the textile industry, and in particular to devices for producing stapled linen fiber in a ribbon, and can be used in the production of yarn from a mixture of linen with wool or cotton, or with chemical fibers, as well as non-woven materials.

 At present, devices for stapling chemical fibers are mainly used for mechanically cracking flax fiber into complexes of elementary fibers. Known devices for stapling fibers by cutting a bundle (SU 1602885 A1, 10.30.90 and SU 1305204 A1, 04.23.87). The use of known devices for stapling flax fiber does not allow to preserve the integrity of the form of elementary flax fibers, which leads to an unjustified increase in the proportion of short short fibers at the stage of spinning. In addition, the complexes of elementary fibers after cutting have blunt ends, which reduces the spinning value of the fibers thus obtained. As a result of cutting the fiber, the proper effects are not obtained, as a result of which there is a dry bonfire in the obtained fiber, and non-cellulose impurities on its surface.

 A device is known for stapling fibers by longitudinally breaking them in a bundle while maintaining flow continuity (JP 58-42289 A, 09/19/83).

 However, the use of devices based on the gap does not allow to obtain fibrous complexes of a given length. In addition, due to the small distances between the pairs of exhaust rollers and their small diameters, reliable clamping of the fibrous tape is not provided, which leads to pulling out of the inter-roll zone of the fibers. The disadvantage of this device is also the low efficiency of removing from the surface of the fibers of non-cellulosic impurities and a dry bonfire.

 The closest analogue (prototype) of the claimed technical solution is a known device for stapling flax fiber in a tape, containing feed rollers for feeding fiber into the working chamber in the form of a casing with an opening on the side surface for the output of the stapled fiber and rotating inside the casing rotating on the shafts synchronously in one direction by scuffing drums with radial beating strips, which are alternately mounted on the drums in two parallel planes perpendicular to the axes of rotation Senia (Patent 2178022 on application 2001100970 dated 01/09/2001).

 However, this device, under high-speed conditions, provides effective dispersion of technical flax fibers (complexes of elementary fibers glued together by pectin substances) that make up the tape into elementary fibers or their smaller and thinner complexes only with sufficiently large drum diameters. The use of drums with small diameters leads to the following negative consequences. When striking the tape, the deviation of the free end of the tape in the direction from the axis of rotation is observed, which can reach significant values by the time the process is overwhelmed. The friction force that arises between the tape and the beat is insufficient to hold the tape at the edge of the beat. The tape in this case slides off the beat in the radial direction. Due to this circumstance, the time of overlapping of the tape becomes insufficient for effective razvolok and cleaning from weed impurities.

 The objective of the invention is the creation of a small (by reducing the size of the reels) device for stapling flax fiber in the tape, ensuring the achievement of a technical result, consisting in obtaining a staple fiber of the required properties.

 This technical result is achieved using a device for stapling flax fiber in a tape containing feed rollers for feeding fiber into the working chamber in the form of a casing with an opening on the side surface for the output of the staple fiber and rotary drums with radial synchronous in one direction rotary shafts located on the shafts beating strips which are alternately mounted on the drums in two parallel planes perpendicular to the axes of rotation, and according to the invention the working edge of each beating bar, being close to the line connecting the centers of rotation of the drums and located parallel to this line, is shifted relative to it in the direction opposite to the rotation of the drums.

 The location of the beating strips in such a way that their working edges, being close to the line connecting the centers of rotation of the drums and located parallel to this line, are shifted relative to it in the opposite direction to the rotation of the drums, will contribute to the next positive point. At the moment of beginning of interaction of the bead strap with the tape, the edge of the beat will be a certain angle with the vertical plane in which the tape is located. As a result, the pressure force of the tape on the edge of the beat will be normal to the edge of the beat at a certain angle, initially decreasing to zero, and then increasing over time during its sweeping over the edge of the beat due to centrifugal forces deflecting the tape in the direction from the axis of rotation of the drum. Therefore, with this arrangement, the beat tape, even in case of large deviations from the center of rotation of the drums, will not slide off the edge of the beat in the peripheral direction. This will increase the time and intensity of interaction, which will lead to improved cleaning of the tape from weed impurities and will ensure that flax fibers with the necessary properties, such as reduced linear density and evenness, are obtained at the outlet of the device.

 The invention is illustrated by drawings.

 Figure 1 shows a vertical section of the proposed device.

 Figure 2 shows a horizontal section of the proposed device.

 Figure 3 shows a diagram of the interaction of the beating straps with fiber.

 In FIG. 4 shows the position of the beater and the tape at the time the interaction began.

 In FIG. 5 shows the position of the beater and the tape at the end of the whipping process.

 The device for stapling flax fiber in the tape (Figs. 1 and 2) consists of feed rollers 1 and 2 and two drums 3, 4 installed inside the casing 7 (Fig. 3) of the working chamber on parallel shafts 8. The shafts are connected by gears 9 included in engagement with the drive gear 10, which provide a consistent rotation of the drums in the same directions. On the drums in the radial direction are alternately located in two planes A and B beater straps 11, shifted in the opposite direction of rotation, by a distance Δ (figure 2). In the end surface 7a of the casing above the zone of intersection of the trajectories of the ends of the beams, there is a cutout 12 for feeding the tape 14. On the side surface 7b of the casing there are outlets 13 for the air-fibrous mixture.

 The device operates as follows. Prepared in the form of a tape, flax fiber 14 is fed using a pair of feed rollers 1 and 2 into the working chamber located inside the casing 7, where it is exposed from the working edges of the beating strips 11. When striking with beating strips (Fig. 3) on the tape in the elements fibers inertial forces arise, contributing to the separation of non-fibrous impurities. The beater bar located in plane A deflects the belt in the direction of its movement. The beating bar, located in plane B, moves towards and deflects the ends of the fibers in the opposite direction, which increases the girth angle and the friction force between the edges and the fiber. With further movement of the ball strap, located in plane B, the ends of the fibers, rotating around the edge of the bead strap, overwhelm it, deviating in this direction from the center of rotation of the drums. With a decrease in the size of the drums and a simultaneous increase in the angular velocity of their rotation (to ensure the necessary speed of striking with the bats on the tape), the centrifugal forces deflecting the tape from the axis of rotation of the drum increase, since they are proportional to the square of the angular velocity. Moreover, since each beating bar is shifted in the opposite direction to rotation, so that the working edge of each beating bar, being close to the line connecting the centers of rotation of the drums and located parallel to this line, is shifted relative to it in the direction opposite to the rotation of the drums, the pressure of the tape on the edge of the beat makes a normal to the edge of the beat of an angle smaller than the angle of friction both at the beginning (Fig. 4) and in the process of overwhelming (Fig. 5), and, therefore, the contact area of the tape with the beat does not move radially nom direction, thereby increasing the time of interaction with Bill tape. The gap t between the surface of the rollers and the beating bar lying in plane A is minimal, which prevents the fibers from being wound around the roller.

 When summing up the next pair of beating strips, the directions of the applied strikes change to the opposite, which contributes to a more efficient loosening of the fiber. As a result of multiple impacts, the interfiber bonds are weakened, which leads to the splitting of the bundles of elementary fibers into separate bundles. At the same time, non-cellulosic impurities and bonfires are separated from the fiber. When the length of the free ends of individual complexes of a certain length is reached, individual fibers are pulled out of them under the action of inertial forces and friction forces between the fibers and the edges of the beams. Separated fibers, bonfires and dust are transported by a stream of air that enters the casing 7 through the cutouts for supplying fiber. In this case, the air flow at high speed passes near the surface of the feed rollers, cleaning them of adhering fiber and litter.

 Using the proposed device allows stapling of flax fiber with minimal loss of spinning fibers, preserving the natural pointed shape of the ends of the complexes, combining stapling with the processes of separation of bonfire and non-fibrous impurities from the fiber, as well as providing the necessary stapling performance and reducing equipment downtime.

Claims (1)

A device for stapling flax fiber in a tape, containing feed rollers for feeding fiber into the working chamber in the form of a casing with an opening on the side surface for the output of the stapled fiber and scraper drums with radial beater strips, which are on the drums, rotating on the shafts simultaneously inside the casing, rotating on the shafts installed alternately in two parallel planes perpendicular to the axes of rotation, characterized in that the working edge of each beating strap, being near the line, is connected sculpt drum rotation center and parallel settling this line is offset with respect thereto in a direction opposite to the rotation of the drums.

Images