RU2201072C2 - Method for creating partly-continuous landscape cultures of siberian cedar on cuttings in the european part of russia - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: forestry and agriculture. SUBSTANCE: method involves laying out cutting area into forest culture landscape portions and natural restoration portions; providing partial cutting of stumps flush with soil surface and partial soil disking or furrowing or partial stump grinding combined with soil tillage; planting 3-4 year aged seedlings or 5-7 year aged seedlings on forest culture landscape portions; setting width of forest culture landscape portions to be equal to 4-6 diameters of Siberian cedar crown at basic cutting age; setting width of natural restoration portion to be equal to 2-3 diameters of Siberian cedar crown. Method allows standing tree structure to be created on the basis of biological groups. EFFECT: increased sanitary and hygienic stability of forest plantations, improved productivity and reduced costs for subsequent care of plantations.

Description

 The invention relates to forestry, in particular to the cultivation of partially continuous landscape crops of Siberian cedar pine - Siberian cedar on felling suramines, oak forests of the European part of Russia with the participation of valuable tree and shrub species and herbaceous plants.

 There is a method of growing continuous forest cultures of Siberian cedar, which consists in uniformly distributing rows of crops through 2.5 m, 3.0 m, 3.5 m, 4.0 m by cutting area for the formation of clean or mixed stands by the age of cutting [1, 2, 3, 4].

 The disadvantage of this method is that during the formation of forest stands, plants of natural origin are not always preserved, i.e. violated the biodiversity of living organisms.

 A known method of creating forest crops of oak on clearings [5].

 The invention allows the use of the known method of creating oak crops in relation to the production and cultivation of partially continuous landscape crops of Siberian cedar on cutting suramines, oak forests of the European part of Russia, taking into account its biological and environmental features. This is achieved by dividing the cutting area into forest-cultivated areas and sites to preserve natural regeneration, partially cutting stumps to a level with the soil surface, partially cultivating the soil with disking or furrowing, or strip plowing with planting 3-4 year old seedlings or 5-7 year old seedlings in forest-cultivated areas, characterized in that the width of the forest-cultivated area is determined equal to 4-6 diameters of the crown at the age of their felling from 220 to 300 years, and the width of the natural regeneration is equal to 2-3 diameters frames of the crown of the Siberian cedar tree.

 At the same time, the bio-group structure of the stands is achieved, a highly productive mixed landscape planting is formed and the costs of subsequent maintenance are reduced.

 The felling area is divided into sections: forest cultivation and natural plant regeneration - according to options of 16 and 9 m; 21 and 9 m; 26 and 9; 30 and 15 m, etc. On a forest-cultural site, stumps are cut to a level with the soil surface. The borders of technological and environmental corridors with a width of 2.5-3.0 m are marked along the edges of the forest-cultural section, and the soil is cultivated between them along the borders of technological and environmental corridors through 2.0 or 2.5 m or 3.0 m, then the center of the treated strips produce a crop. The width of the forest-cultivated stripes is equal to four to six diameters of the tree crown at the age of 220-300 years (it is justified by the features of the formation of the type of felling and the laws of the bio-group structure of the formation of the culture) and ensures good growth of Siberian cedar.

 Stubs are cut to a level with the soil surface either by a special machine MUP-4, or by chainsaws. Stumps cut by chainsaws are removed from the forested area.

 Two technological ecological working corridors with a width of 2.5 or 3.0 m are formed on the forest-cultural part, marked on each side with hangers. At the same time, the space between the internal center lines is used to create crops with the rows of the main breed in the biogroup 2.0 or 3.0, or 3.5 m

 On forest-cultivated parts with two technological corridors, the soil is treated with disk implements along the line of milestones or furrows are cut with plows PKL-70, PL-1 (two-blade variant) to a depth of 12-15 cm; or with even strip plowing by a machine for crushing stumps and simultaneous tillage of MDP-1.5. With the width of the forestry part of 16 m (about three crowns of Siberian cedar, taken into account at the age of its cutting), they are processed according to the scheme 3.0-2.0-2.0-2.0-2.0-2.0-3.0, i.e., a 3.0 m wide technological corridor is left, then the soil is cultivated along the inner border, and after 2.0 - the second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth processed strips, then again the technological corridor 3.0 m wide. parts of 21 m (four crowns of Siberian cedar, taken into account at the age of cutting) - 7 treated strips according to the scheme 3.0-2.5-2.5-2.5-2.5-2.5-2.5-3 m; with a width of 26 m (five crowns of Siberian cedar, taken into account at the age of cutting) - 8 furrows according to the scheme 2.5-3.0-3.0-3.0-3.0-3.0-3.0-3 , 0-2.5 m with a width of 30 m (six crowns of Siberian cedar, taken into account at the age of its cutting) - 9 furrows according to the scheme (3.0) -3.0-3.0-3.0-3.0- 3.0-3.0-3.0-3.0- (3.0) m. When meeting with cut stumps, the plow (PKL-70 or PL-1) is deepened, leaving passes up to 1.5 m. High-quality cultivation strips with a disk plow, a dump plow and recessing of cut furrows is carried out throughout the forest cultivation strip and on technological corridors. At the same time, the cut grooves are pressed into a double pass of the cultivator KLB-1.7, in which the disks are set to work in a dump. This provides cutting and grinding of the roots of tree species, the destruction of grass cover. High-quality soil cultivation is achieved with the use of the machine МДП-1,5.

 Siberian cedar crops are planted in the center of the processed plow strips, adhering to strict straightforwardness. The distance between the seats in the row when planting 3-4 year old seedlings is 0.5 m, 5-7 year old seedlings - 1.0 m. With survival rates of 90% or more, crops are not supplemented, less than 90% are supplemented.

 Agrotechnical care of forest crops and technological and ecological corridors is carried out by the cultivator KLB-1.7, and in the ranks by hand tools. The number of departures by years: in the first year - 4 times, the second - 3 times, the third - 3 times, the fourth - 2 times, the fifth - 1 time.

 The application of the method provides the formation of mixed landscape plantings with increased and sanitary-hygienic silvicultural sustainability and productivity.

Literature
1. Drozdov I.I. Introduction of Siberian cedar to the European part of the forest zone of Russia / Review. inform. - M.: VNIItslesresurs. issue 3-4, 1999, 32 pp.

 2. Ignatenko M.M. Siberian cedar (Biology. Introduction, Culture). - M.: Nauka, 1988, 161 p.

 3. Larin VB Cultures of spruce and Siberian cedar in the northeast of the European part of the USSR. - L .: Nauka, 1980, 244 p.

 4. Talantsev N.K., Cedar. - M .: Lesn. industry, 1980, 96 s.

 5. Copyright certificate of the USSR 1486104, cl. A 01 G 23/00, 1989.

Claims (1)

 A method for creating partially continuous landscape cultures of Siberian cedar on felling, including breaking down the felling area into forest-cultivated landscape plots and natural regeneration plots, partially cutting stumps to a level with the soil surface, partially treating the soil with disking or furrowing, or partially crushing the stumps while treating the soil with planting 3-4-year-old seedlings or 5-7-year-old seedlings on forest-cultivated landscape sites, characterized in that the width of the forest-cultivated landscape site is determined 4-6 yayut equal diameters crown Siberian pine, measured in its main cutting age, and the width of the portion of natural regeneration - 2-3 crown diameters Siberian pine.