RU2195095C2 - Tillage tool working unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering. SUBSTANCE: working unit has tine with chisel and shares arranged at lower cut thereof. Disk cutter is located in clearance forward of tine and fertilizer guide is mounted rearward of tine. Disk cutter has blade and mounting part comprising hub with bearing units. Dusk cutter is mounted on frame by means of axle shaft and tine. Process windows are arranged in equally spaced relation between blade and mounting part of disk cutter. Flanges on window edges are alternatively extending aside from blade surface. EFFECT: wider operational capabilities and increased efficiency. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to tillage machines.

 A known plow for primary tillage with a turnover of the reservoir, in which, in addition to the known elements, skimmers are installed on the frame, and a disk knife is installed in front of the last skimmer body, the annular cutting edge of which is installed below the blade of the ploughshare (see the textbook: A. B. Lurie, F. G. Gusintsev, E. I. Davidson, Agricultural machines. - M .: Kolos, 1976. -496 pp. Ill. / Textbooks and teaching aids for training personnel of mass professions. - P. 26. - Fig. 10 )

 The disadvantages of the described knife include a small processing depth and high traction resistance. This is due to the fact that the reaction of the soil when cutting the soil and plant roots is directed upwards, and the cutting edge does not cut the crop residues.

It is also known a tillage tool containing a frame, a circular knife, the ends of which are made expanding to its axis, a working body and a support wheel, in which, in order to improve the quality of soil cultivation by stabilizing the depth of its loosening, the implement is equipped with a two-arm lever pivotally mounted on the frame, the ends which are associated with a circular knife and a support wheel; the connection of the disk knife with a two-arm lever is made in the form of a rocker mechanism; the expanding part of the circular knife is made in the form of a concave toroidal surface (see SU copyright certificate 1507218, class C. ⁴ A 01 B 13/16. Tillage tool // B. A. Sheludchenko, N. N. Nagorny, Y. S. Gukov, A. D. Garkavy. Declared September 22, 1987, published September 15, 1989).

 The disadvantages of the described knife include limited functionality.

A closer analogue to the problem to be solved is the known tillage implement containing a frame on which front and rear disk batteries are sequentially mounted using hinge leashes, the working surfaces of the front battery disks being at an angle to the axis of rotation and the working surfaces of the rear battery disks between working the surfaces of the disks of the front battery and with an overlap in which, in order to increase the reliability of the process, the working surfaces of the disks of the rear battery are located wives at an angle to the axis of their rotation and are parallel to each other, while the angle between the working surface of each disk and the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation is
agsin (0.1-0.2) • L / R,
where L is the distance between adjacent disks;
R is the radius of rotation of the disk; the working surface of each disk is formed at an angle located relative to each other
α = arcSin (0.1-0.2) L / R
blade and central parts, the last of which is located in the area of the battery shaft (SU copyright certificate 1501939, M.cl. A 01 B 49/02. Tillage tool // A.F. Zhuk, A.P. Spirin, Yu.P. Kaushnikov, claimed on September 22, 1986, published on August 23, 1989).

 Despite the fact that the mounting part from the blade part of each disk is deflected by an angle α, when solving the technical problem with regard to the declared working body of the tillage implement, two lateral deviations when moving the disk knife in the direction of movement of the working body are clearly not enough. Most of the plant and root residues are only pressed into the soil and only a small part is cut despite the presence of an annular cutting edge.

 The closest analogue in its essence and the number of matching essential features is a combined implement for primary tillage, containing a frame on which wedge-shaped racks are mounted with chisels and left and right plowshares on its lower cut and a circular knife installed in the range of each rack, the working the surface of which is equipped with a blade and mounting parts, in front of the wedge-shaped part and the ductwork on its rear part (see "Combined implement for basic tillage".

 Information leaflet of the Volgograd Central Scientific and Technical Institute // Compiled by: V.G. Abezin, V.P. Boromensky. - Volgograd. - 1998 .-- 02-98. - C.4).

 This gun is accepted as the closest analogue.

 The disadvantages of the described tool include the fact that despite the fact that a disk knife is installed in front of the wedge-shaped rack in its alignment, however, root and plant residues hang on the rack. This is due to the fact that the cutting edge of the disk knife plant stems are pressed into the soil, and then sent to the rack with a chisel.

 The invention consists in the following.

 The problem to which the invention is directed is to increase the technological reliability of mineral fertilizers in the fields under crops of perennial forage crops and erosion-hazardous areas while maintaining the core background.

 The technical result is a decrease in traction resistance and increased productivity.

 The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the well-known working body of the tillage implement, which includes a wedge-shaped stand with a chisel and left and right-side plowshares on its lower cut and mounted with a circular knife in the stand alignment, the working surface of which is equipped with a blade and mounting parts, in front of the wedge-shaped part and the pipelines on its rear part, according to the invention, technological windows are made between the blade and mounting parts of the disk knife with equal distance from each other, selected woks which are alternately oriented in lateral directions.

 Due to the fact that the flanging of the technological windows creates alternating alternating forces in the lateral directions of the annular cutting edge of the circular knife, the above technical result is achieved.

 The invention is illustrated by drawings.

 Figure 1 shows the working body of the tillage implement, side view.

 In FIG. 2 - section AA in figure 1, a diametrical section of a circular knife, a section of one of the technological windows with a flanging on the blade part.

 Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed invention are as follows.

 On the frame 1 of the tillage implement in the alignment of rack 2, a disk knife 3 is sequentially mounted, and behind the rack 2 there is a piping 4. The wedge-shaped rack 2 is equipped with a chisel 5 and left and right plowshares 6 on its lower cut. Chisel 5 and plowshares 6 are fixed by fastening means on the heel 7 of the rack 2. The piping is fixed to the rear of the rack 2 and has a slice 8 at the lower end. The working surface of the disk knife 3 is provided with a blade part 9 and a mounting part 10. Between the blade part 9 and the mounting part 10 of the disk knife 3, technological windows 11 are made equally spaced from each other. The flanges 12 in the technological windows 11 are alternately oriented laterally from the plane of the knife 3.

 The working body of the tillage implement works as follows.

 The tillage tool is prepared for work. The required amount of fertilizer is poured into the fertilizer box and the metering devices are installed in the required position.

 With steady movement along the surface of the field occupied by fodder crops, for example, perennial legume-bluegrass mixtures of the third year of plant life, the annular cutting edge on the blade part 9 of the disk knife 3 cuts the root-containing layer to the required fertilizer depth. When introduced into the formed gap, the flanging 12 on the left plane of the knife 3, the blade part 9 of the knife 3 deflects to the right.

 This leads to the fact that the uncut root parts and parts of the overhanging stems on the cutting edge of the knife 3 undergo tensile deformations. Their further involvement in the gap and in the soil horizon leads to the fact that the subsequent curved section of the annular cutting edge is cutting stems on an elastic support.

 Then, the knife section 3 on the flat blade part 9 again enters between the adjacent technological windows 11. The rolling of the knife 3 further involves flanging 12 on the right plane of the blade part 9 of the knife 3. This leads to a deviation to the left of the cutting edge of the disk knife 3. Thus, alternating loads are created on the peripheral part of the disk knife 3. The complex movement of the cutting edge of the disk knife 3 leads to a complete cut of the root and plant residues in the soil layer without their removal the surface.

 In the implementation of the overall technological process, the bit 5 and the left and right-deflected shares 6, which the layer partially loosens and cut from below, consistently participate. A layer of soil, entwined with roots, is raised above the plow sole. Mineral fertilizers are sent to the vacant space through the piping 4. Further, a layer of soil with plant roots under its own weight covers fertilizers. In irrigated agriculture, this is facilitated by the vegetation irrigation of fodder crops carried out after this operation.

 A “clean” rack 2 without overhanging stems and roots provides a stable process performance with low energy consumption.

 This achieves the accomplishment of the task in this invention.

Claims (1)

 The working body of the tillage implement, comprising a wedge-shaped rack with a chisel, a pipe guide on the rear, a ploughshare on its lower part and a disk knife installed in the rack alignment, equipped with windows between the blade and mounting parts, characterized in that the windows of the disk knife are provided with flanges, alternately oriented in lateral directions.

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