RU2179399C2 - Method to increase productivity in pigs and poultry - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: animal science, fodder production. SUBSTANCE: the method of pigs' and poultry rearing includes introduction of natural amino acids' salt: orotic and gamma-aminobutyric acids are taken. The suggested biosupplement is given at 0.001- 0.003 dose against diet's weight for 1-d-aged chickens till the end of rearing process, for laying hens during the whole egg yield period and for pigs aged 10 to 60 d at 5 mg/kg body weight concentration. Biologically active additive enables to increase body weight in chickens by 12.91-18.74% and livestock safety by 1.06-8.68%, increase body weight in pigs by 9.63% and livestock safety by 0.38%, decrease fodder expenses/kg body weight gain by 9.3% against a control. EFFECT: increased body weight gain, improved livestock safety and decreased fodder expenses. 3 tbl

Description

 To increase the productivity of farm animals and poultry, in addition to vitamin and mineral supplements, various biologically active substances are used in the feed - anti-stress and enzyme preparations, adaptogens, antioxidants and a number of other vital substances.

 The most gentle and safe for the body of animals and birds is the use of adaptogens as additives in food. Adaptogens include orotic and ascorbic acids, preparations of ginseng, eleutherococcus, golden root, lemongrass, zamanchi and others.

 New adaptogens include organic acids and amino acid derivatives: fumaric, phenibut (gamma-amino-beta-phenylbutyric acid hydrochloride) - a chemical analogue of the natural metabolite of the human and animal organisms - gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a inhibitory mediator in the central nervous system: quaternine - trimethylammonium derivative of the amino acid alanine, a structural analogue of the butyrobetaine metabolite (Redko N.V., Antonov A.Ya., Handbook of feed additives, Mn .: 1990, p. 307-309).

 The use of natural metabolites as dietary supplements is very promising, since they are harmless to the body and give positive results in feeding animals and birds.

 There is evidence that GABA is used as a feed additive in the diet of broiler chickens. The inclusion in the diet of birds of GABA in a concentration of 50-300 g per ton of feed increases the live weight of males by 2.8-3.9% compared with the control (A.S. USSR, 957836, A 23 K 1/16, 1962 )

 The disadvantage of the studies is the lack of gain in live weight in hens.

 Positive results were obtained when using GABA as a feed additive at a concentration in the range of 75-150 mg / kg of feed. In experiments on broiler chickens, it was found that the increase in live weight of the bird was at the level of 10.2-18.4% with a decrease in feed costs per 1 kg of increase in body weight by 4.0-18.5% (Krivtsov V.I., Abstract of candidate dissertation, Zagorsk, 1987).

 In order to increase the meat productivity of broiler chickens, studies were carried out to include GABA in the diet of birds at a concentration of 0.015% with the addition of 0.2% methionine. The authors succeeded in 10% increase the safety of the livestock and 4.9% live weight and reduce feed consumption by 17.37% (RF Patent, 2053680, A 23 K 1/00, 1996). However, the results of previous work show that the increase in live weight of broiler chickens was 2-3 times higher than in the experiment with the addition of GABA and methionine to the diet.

 The use of GABA in aminolone in the composition of premix for weaned piglets is known. The addition of premix to the diet of piglets, containing 2.7% of aminolone, allowed to increase the live weight of piglets from 2 to 4.2% and reduce feed costs per 1 kg of body weight gain by 0.12% compared with the control (Patent RF, 2053686, A 23 K 1/16, 1996).

 The disadvantage of this work is that the cost of the aminolone included in the premix exceeds the cost of the premix without the tested additive, at low rates of gain in live weight and feed costs.

 A known method of feeding piglets with a diet, which included potassium orotate. In experiments on pigs, it was shown that the addition of potassium orotate to the diet at a concentration of 20 mg / kg live weight increased the average daily gain in live weight during the feeding period by 12% while reducing feed costs per 1 kg of body weight gain by 9.8% (Patent RF, 2120766, A 23 K 1/16, A 61 K 33/00).

 The closest analogue is essentially a method of growing broiler chickens and piglets by adding gamma-aminobutyric acid derivative (GABA - calcium hydroxybutyrate) - GOB-calcium to the feed. The inclusion of GOB-calcium in the diet increased the live weight of chickens by 2.8–4.9% in males and by 4.7–11.8% in chickens, in piglets by 5.6–15% and reduced feed consumption by 1 kg of body weight gain in chickens by 7.7-15% and in piglets by 5.6-15.1% (RF Patent, 2054266, A 23 K 1/16, 1995).

 The disadvantage of this work is the use of GOB-calcium as a prototype of GABA; its concentration in the case of broiler chickens is underestimated, and in the case of piglets it is overestimated, which makes it impossible to compare the experimental results.

 The objective of the invention is the use of dietary supplements in the feed to increase the egg production of laying hens, meat productivity, preservation of the livestock, reducing feed costs in piglets and chickens.

 To solve this problem, we proposed as a dietary supplement in feed for pigs and chickens, as well as for laying hens, salt of orotovy and gamma-aminobutyric acid, which are natural metabolites of the animal organism.

The product is a white with a yellowish tint powder of sour taste, odorless. Racks when heated to 80 ^o C, soluble in alkaline solutions, insoluble in alcohol, benzene, acetone, not volatile. Virtually harmless to animals and humans.

Example 1
In a scientific and production experiment, 1 million 400 thousand / 700000 heads were used - control, 700000 heads - experience / laying hens of egg breed - cross Belarus.

 The control group received the main diet (OR) without supplementation, and the experimental group received (OR) with the addition of the salt of orotic and gamma-aminobutyric acid at a concentration of 10 g / t of feed during the 150-day experiment.

 The results of the production experiment are shown in table 1.

 Based on the data presented in the table, it follows that a dietary supplement at a concentration of 0.001% by weight of the feed increased egg production by 0.2 pcs. eggs on average per hen or 1.01% reduced feed costs in the production of every 10 pcs. eggs by 5.56%, increased the safety of livestock of laying hens by 0.4%.

Example 2
Two series of experiments were carried out on the bird using different breeds - egg and meat-egg.

 In the first series of the scientific-production experiment, 72,200 heads of chickens / 36,000 goals were used. - control, 36,200 goals. - experience / egg breed / cross Belarus /. The control group received the main diet (OR) without dietary supplementation, and the experimental group received (OR) with the addition of the salt of orotic and gamma-aminobutyric acid at a concentration of 30 g / t of feed. Chickens were fed twice a day from day old to 68 days.

 The results of the production experiment are shown in table 2.

 Based on the data presented in the table, it follows that a dietary supplement at a concentration of 30 g / t feed increased the safety of chickens in the experimental group by 8.2%, the average live weight of the chicken at the end of the experiment was higher by 122 g or 18.74% compared to control.

 In the second series of scientific and industrial tests conducted on two groups of chickens breed Loman-Brown. In the experiment, 36844 chickens / 17844 goals were used. - control, 19000 goals. - experience/.

 The control group received the main diet without supplementation, the experimental group received (RR) plus 10 g / t of feed, salt of orotic and gamma-aminobutyric acid. The chickens were fed twice from day old to 85 days. The data obtained in the experiment indicate that the dietary supplement at a concentration of 10 g / t of feed increased the safety of the number of chickens by 1.06%, the increase in live weight of the chicken at the end of the experiment was 125 g (12.31%).

 From the results of two series of scientific and production tests on a comparatively large number of chickens of different breeds, it was shown that a dietary supplement at a concentration of 10-30 g / t feed increases the safety of the livestock from 1.06 to 8.62%, live weight on average per chicken by 12 , 31-18.74%.

Example 3
Experimental studies on the effectiveness of the use of the salts of orotic and gamma-aminobutyric acid as a dietary supplement in weaned piglets were carried out on animals of large-white breed of pigs.

 For experiments, in each group offspring of 4-5 sows were selected. The formation of groups was carried out after completion of farrowing of all sows, which were kept in individual machines along with litter. They fed piglets and sows according to the norms of VIZH and NIIS.

 Piglets of the control group received the main diet (OR) without supplementation, and in the experimental group to the (OR) salt of orotic and gamma-aminobutyric acid was added at a concentration of 5 mg / kg live weight. The drug was introduced into the diet (GOST / OST - 176.2, premix P51-7) with compound feed.

 The experiments were carried out on pigs from 10 days of age to 60 days. Studies have shown that most of the piglets have moved to 10 days of age, and from 21 days of departure was not observed.

 From the data presented in table 3, it follows that a dietary supplement to (OR) at a concentration of 5 mg / kg live weight increases the safety of the number of piglets by 2.4%, the average daily gain in live weight increased by 10.1%, and reduced feed costs per 1 kg of growth body weight by 9.3% compared with the control.

 Thus, the results of experiments to study the effectiveness of the use of orotic and gamma-aminobutyric acid salts as a dietary supplement for piglets and poultry indicate that its concentration in the diet of chickens is 7.5-15 times lower than the addition of GABA, and 4 times less than the addition of potassium orotate to piglets.

Claims (1)

 A method of increasing the productivity of piglets and birds, including the introduction of a dietary supplement in the diet, characterized in that as a dietary supplement they use the salt of orotic and gamma-aminobutyric acid and introduce it to chickens and laying hens in an amount of 0.001-0.003% by weight of the diet, to chickens from the daily age until the end of growing, and piglets at a concentration of 5 mg / kg body weight from 10 days of age to 60 days.

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