RU2176870C2 - Method of planting pine forest on burnt wood areas - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: forestry. SUBSTANCE: method involves clearing burnt wood area; cutting furrows and planting seedlings into furrows. Clearing of burnt wood areas is carried out by directed felling of trees with their top parts being oriented in one direction. Furrows are cut a year ahead of planting from East to West between felled trees, with spacings being covered with nonstandard wood. Method allows soil to be protected from drying up, moisture to be kept for young plants, young plant root collar to be protected from sun burn, soil in spacings to be humus-incorporated, and young pine forest to be protected from crown fire. EFFECT: increased efficiency and improved quality of young pine forests. 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the field of forestry and can be used to restore a pine forest damaged by a horse forest fire to a degree of termination of tree growth.

 May Khrushchev is known to be a dangerous and widespread pest of young trees and pine crops. The cause of the foci of May may be, in particular, forest fires. (Forestry, 1968, N 7, p. 30).

 There is a method of planting mainly pine and larch on soils infected with larvae of May raspberry, including planting seedlings in recesses made in the soil in the form of areas deeper than the activity zone of May rape (a.s. N 1436937, MKI A 01 G 23/00) .

 There is a method of planting a pine forest by the type of pure crops with aisles of 2-4 m in deep furrows using pesticides (Forestry, 1968, No. 7, pp. 80-82).

 The disadvantages of using this method in pine burners are the low efficiency of protecting young pine crops from May larvae larvae, which prefer the warm sandy row-spacing soil in non-closed crops with grassy plants, the roots of which feed on the larvae in the first years, and mature, pass to the roots of seedlings, which leads to to the death of young plants; also the method requires a lot of labor and funds for cutting and harvesting from the area of the burned forest, is associated with a large consumption of pesticides, the use of which violates the ecology of the natural environment and can cause poisoning of people working with them.

 The invention eliminates all these disadvantages.

 This is achieved by the fact that the method includes clearing the area of the burner by the method of continuous felling of trees, and cleaning is carried out by the method of directed felling of trees with their vertices in one direction for the convenience of the subsequent formation of furrows that are oriented from east to west: between the felled trees, spreading them, lay furrows, forming aisles, covered with non-marketable wood, the next year in the prepared furrows planting seedlings.

 All of the above symptoms are significant.

 Compared with the prototype, the claimed method has distinctive features, namely: clearing is carried out by the directional felling of trees with vertices in one direction, a year before planting, furrows are laid between the felled trees from east to west, forming aisles covered with non-merchandise wood.

 In the patent and scientific and technical literature, we have not identified an analogue with a similar set of essential features, which means that the claimed technical solution is new.

 Coating row-spacings with non-marketable wood also protects the soil from drying out, and allows moisture to be retained for young plants. Oriented from east to west shafts of non-merchandise wood in the aisles protect the root necks of young plants from sunburn. In addition, collapsing, non-marketed wood enriches the soil between rows of rows with humus, which leads to the natural salinization of row-spacings of young pine crops with birch, and the alternation of pine crops with deciduous trees protects the young pine forest from a high forest fire.

 The method is as follows. The area of the burner is cleared, for this, a pine forest damaged by a horse forest fire to the extent that the growth of the trees is stopped, is dumped by the method of a continuous directional tree felling along with the root system with the peaks forward to move the tractor away. Felling trees with their peaks in one direction creates convenience for the subsequent formation of furrows. A year before planting, furrows are laid, pushing the charred non-merchandise wood apart using, for example, a wedge-shaped plow PLP-135, mounted in front of the tractor. The direction of the tumble and trees and the subsequent formation of furrows is from east to west, the aisles of 2-2.5 m wide are completely covered with shafts of non-merchandise wood.

 Throughout the year, by means of rains and meltwater, ash and ash are washed off to the bottom of the furrow, i.e. soil mineralization occurs. Planting seedlings is carried out in a furrow in a known mechanized manner.

 The method is illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1
In 1972, extensive forest fires in the Zelonogorsk Forest Plant of the Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic destroyed a pine forest on an area of 2897 hectares, including ripening pine forests on an area of 1480 hectares, middle-aged on an area of 1350 hectares, young forest crops produced in 1968-1971. on an area of 67 hectares.

 The restoration of young crops on 67 hectares has been carried out since 1973 in the usual way on the soil plowed by a PKL-70 plow and planting young plants in furrows with aisles of width X, 1.5-2 m without row spacing with non-merchandise wood, because young plants do not managed to accumulate wood pulp. 10-12 thousand pieces of seedlings were planted per hectare.

In the second year of planting by soil excavation between rows of forest crops, 8-12 larvae of May ragweed per 1 m ^{2 were found} . By 1997, 90% of the pine culture had died from May Chrysanthemum.

 On the remaining area of 2300 hectares, the restoration of dead forest crops was carried out as described.

 Thanks to the application of the proposed method, it was possible to get rid of the larvae of May chafer for the period of decomposition of charred non-merchandise wood, during which time the cultures closed, creating unfavorable conditions for the settlement and reproduction of May chafer. Soil contamination with larvae of May chrysanthemum is currently absent. In the rows of pine crops there was a natural population of birch. In the place of the burners of 1972, pine forests were established that are resistant to high forest fires on an area of 2300 ha.

 Forest crops were created on tiled areas according to the Forestry Committee of the Mari El Republic for the period from 1974 to 1992. (see table).

 From a comparison of the proposed method with the known obvious advantage of the proposed method.

Claims (1)

 The method of planting a pine forest on the burners, including clearing the area of the burner, laying furrows and planting seedlings in the furrows, characterized in that the area of the burner is cleared by the directional felling of trees with vertices in one direction, a year before planting, furrows are laid from east to west between the felled trees with aisles covered with non-merchandise wood.

Images