RU2174448C1 - Method of enrichment of fine-fraction concentrates - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: enrichment of heavy fine-fraction concentrates for extraction of useful minerals in free not chemically fixed state both directly from starting rock mass, or from its concentrates or from concentration tailings. SUBSTANCE: method consists in mixing rock mass which was preliminarily sized with water and supplying this mass by means of pump to multi-passage volute mounted above taper, parabolic or irregular sizing sieve of hydraulic screen where from hydraulic mixture is distributed over surface of hydraulic screen by smooth flows via several passages, thus forcing hydraulic mixture through sieve; sizing may be effected both in one and in several (stage by stage) hydraulic screen in sieves having sizing holes of different diameters. The undersize from last screen is fed to cellular pulp line consisting of several pipes-cells; each of them is provided with several shut-off devices with units for control of their depth and rate of discharge of hydraulic mixture. In processing starting rock mass having large specific gravity, vibrator is mounted before each shut-off device on cellular pulp line at varying angle α and at varying vector of power pulse relative to direction of flow of hydraulic mixture in pulp line; provision is made for control of power pulse and frequency of vibrations. Hydraulic mixture (pulp) discharged from each pipe-cell through each shut-off device containing enriched concentrate is fed to settler and thickener. Thickened concentrate from settler and thickener is treated in centrifugal concentrator to obtain pure mineral or heavy concentrate in magnetic-and-liquid separation complex. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of enrichment of fine-fraction concentrates. 19 cl, 7 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of enrichment of heavy fine-grained concentrates in order to extract useful minerals, including small and fine ones, for example gold or platinum, which are in a free, chemically unbound state.

 The invention can be used to enrich and isolate useful minerals from the original rock mass or its concentrates, provided that the bulk density of particles of the extracted mineral exceeds the density of particles containing this rock mineral in two or more times.

 The invention can be used for the enrichment and extraction of minerals or their rich concentrates both directly from the original rock mass extracted from the bowels and from the waste of its primary processing - tailings.

 The invention can be used to isolate minerals or to obtain their rich concentrates from the original rock mass or waste from its primary processing both independently and as part of the technological lines of mining and processing enterprises.

 The invention can be used to create laboratory and industrial installations.

 The well-known "Method for the enrichment of fine-grained ore mass" (Patent RU N 2114701), where the initial rock mass is calibrated on a hydraulic screen sieve with subsequent enrichment in an inclined slurry conduit with the output of the concentrate through the bottom cutter.

 The disadvantage of the installation that implements this method is that at low speeds the pulp is fed to the sieve of a hydraulic screen, the pulp stream at a large angle of inclination passes along the surface of the sieve. In this case, the calibration of the rock mass does not occur on the entire surface of the sieve, and due to insufficient separation of the pulp stream along the sieve surface, a process of flow disruption from the sieve surface and the solid phase of the pulp with particles of useful mineral to be dumped occurs.

 The disadvantage of the installation that implements this method is that when processing large volumes of rock mass through an inclined slurry conduit, a large volume of pulp passes, which leads to an increase in the diameter of the pulp conduit, which complicates the manufacturing technology of the annular part of the pulp conduit.

 The disadvantage of the installation that implements this method is that the slit size of the bottom cutter, which determines the flow rate of the slurry (pulp) with enriched concentrate, is structurally constant and is determined within no more than 1% of the flow rate of the slurry in the slurry line. This leads either to the demolition of particles of a useful mineral, or to an increase in the content of "empty" rock in the concentrate (depending on the content of the useful mineral in the original rock mass).

 The well-known "Method for processing mineral-containing rock mass" (Patent RU N 2144430), according to which exclusion of gangue particles from the initial rock mass is carried out by dry or wet screening, followed by stepwise screening of the undergrate product on high-performance hydraulic screens with subsequent thickening and finishing in a concentrator. In this case, the entire liquid phase of the slurry (water) is passed through the thickener in order to isolate fine and fine particles of the allocated mineral.

 The disadvantage of this method is that when processing large volumes of rock mass, it is necessary to pass a large volume of the liquid phase of the slurry (water) through the sump and thickener, which leads to the creation of large (in size) sump and thickener, the complexity of installation and operation of such equipment directly at the field , as well as the use of high-performance concentrators or several concentrators, and, consequently, energy intensity.

 The task of the invention is to remedy the above disadvantages.

 Achievable technical result - increasing the efficiency of enrichment of fine fraction concentrates.

 This result is achieved by the fact that in the enrichment method, which consists in excluding the receiving hopper from the initial rock mass on the calibration sieve, exceeding the maximum particle size of the extracted mineral, determined by laboratory analyzes of the initial rock mass, and further processing the sublattice product into at least at least one hydraulic screen using various types of calibration sieves - conical, parabolic or broken, to control the time walking the processed mass on the surface of the sieve, then on thickeners of high-performance concentrators and finishing the concentrate to the state of pure mineral on the magnetic-liquid separation complex, according to the invention, the rock mass is calibrated on the sieve of the receiving hopper to a size of 20-60 mm and mixed with ground, sand in water or with a jet pump, they are fed into a multi-channel cochlear mounted above a hydraulic sieve calibration sieve, from where they are distributed and stratified along several (1 ... L) channels with uniform flows over the entire the surface of the hydraulic screen, providing wiping of the hydraulic mixture during the passage along the surface of the hydraulic screen, and depending on the particle size and lithological composition of the initial rock mass, as well as the size of the useful mineral, at least one conical, parabolic or broken sieve screen is performed with calibration holes of different diameter, moreover, the sublattice product of the last conical, parabolic or broken hydroscreens is sent to the "cell" pulp conduit, recruited h "pipes-cells", in each of which several 1 ... K cutoffs are installed, regulate the flow rate of pulp removed from the cutters with enriched concentrate and the cutter depth in the direction of flow of the pulp by a lever-type damper mounted in a monolithic cutter body under the bottom opening in pulp line.

 The indicated technical result is also achieved by the fact that when processing the initial rock mass with a large specific gravity, an electromagnetic, electromechanical or other type of vibrator is installed in front of each cutter on a “honeycomb” slurry conduit with a force impulse vector towards the pulp stream, due to a variable installation angle vibrator, as well as with adjustable magnitude and frequency of the power pulse.

 In addition, the granulometric composition according to standard classes and the class content of useful mineral or metal contained in the processed rock in free chemically unbound finely dispersed form, as well as the granulometric and lithological composition of the rock-metal interfering with the extracted mineral, are determined by laboratory analyzes.

 The initial rock mass can be fed with a bulldozer or according to a transport scheme to the table of the hydrogauge, where it is mixed with water supplied by a hydraulic monitor and calibrated to a size of 20-60 mm under the influence of gravitational force.

где V_кр - критическая скорость потока, м/с;
D_п - внутренний диаметр трубы напорного патрубка, м;
ω - гидравлическая крупность частиц твердой фазы гидросмеси, м/с;
ρ_cм - плотность подаваемой гидросмеси, т/м³;
ρ_o - плотность воды, т/м³.The under-sieve product of the hydrogauge is fed by a jet, soil or sand pump through a pressure pulp line to a multichannel cochlea with a speed exceeding the critical speed value for a pulp line of a given diameter, determined by the formula:

where V _kr is the critical flow velocity, m / s;
D _p - the inner diameter of the pipe discharge pipe, m;
ω is the hydraulic particle size of the particles of the solid phase of the hydraulic mixture, m / s;
ρ _cm is the density of the supplied slurry, t / m ³ ;
ρ _o - the density of water, t / m ³ .

 In case of technological necessity, the calibration process is repeated the required number of times in the required number (1 ... n) of hydraulic screens, feeding the sublattice product from the previous hydraulic screen to the subsequent hydraulic screen with a sand, soil or jet pump.

где F_общ - общая площадь сечения "сотового" пульповода, м²;
Q_гр - производительность n-го (последнего, в случае применения нескольких) гидравлического грохота, м³/ч;
V_ср - средняя скорость перемещения потока гидросмеси (пульпы) в пульповоде, м/с;
3600 - число секунд в часе.Each of the "pipes-cells" of the slurry line is made in the form of a linear or linear-annular inclined slurry line, the total cross-sectional area of the slurry line is determined by the formula

where F _total - the total cross-sectional area of the "cellular" slurry line, m ² ;
Q _gr - productivity of the nth (last, in the case of several) hydraulic screen, m ³ / h;
V _sr - the average velocity of the flow of slurry (pulp) in the slurry line, m / s;
3600 - the number of seconds per hour.

V _sr = (1.3 - 1.5) V _don ,
where V _don is the bottom velocity, i.e. minimum speed at which homogeneous grains (particles) of any specific gravity move along the bottom of the slurry line.

где V_дон - донная скорость течения, м/с;
γ_п - удельный вес частиц, г/см³;
e - основание натуральных логарифмов;
d - размер переносимых частиц, мм;
производительность гидравлического грохота, например, с коническим решетом с круглыми калибрующими отверстиями определяется по эмпирической формуле:

где D₁ - диаметр верхнего сечения решета, м;
D₂ - диаметр нижнего (выходного) сечения решета, м;
V_п - скорость потока пульпы при заходе на решето, м/с;
d_гр - диаметр граничного зерна гидросмеси (пульпы), м;
d - диаметр отверстий решета, м;
K₁ - эмпирический коэффициент, определяющий соотношение суммарной площади отверстий к площади решета;
K₂ - коэффициент, учитывающий концентрацию исходной гидросмеси (пульпы);
K₃ - коэффициент, учитывающий содержание гравия в гидросмеси (пульпе);
K₄ - коэффициент, учитывающий форму отверстий решета.Bottom speed is determined by the empirical formula of Imshenetskiy, refined experimentally for the operating modes of the proposed method:

where V _don - bottom flow velocity, m / s;
γ _p - specific gravity of particles, g / cm ³ ;
e is the base of the natural logarithms;
d is the size of the transferred particles, mm;
the performance of a hydraulic screen, for example, with a conical sieve with round gauge holes is determined by the empirical formula:

where D ₁ - the diameter of the upper cross section of the sieve, m;
D ₂ - the diameter of the lower (output) section of the sieve, m;
V _p - pulp flow rate when entering the sieve, m / s;
d _gr - the diameter of the boundary grain slurry (pulp), m;
d is the diameter of the holes of the sieve, m;
K ₁ is an empirical coefficient that determines the ratio of the total area of the holes to the area of the sieve;
K ₂ - coefficient taking into account the concentration of the original slurry (pulp);
K ₃ - coefficient taking into account the gravel content in the hydraulic mixture (pulp);
K ₄ - coefficient taking into account the shape of the holes of the sieve.

где F_сот - площадь поперечного сечения одной "трубы-соты", м²;
m - число "труб-сот", шт.The value of F _total determine the value of the cross section of one "tube-cell" according to the formula

where F _honeycomb is the cross-sectional area of one "pipe-cell", m ² ;
m is the number of "pipe-cells", pcs.

где D_сот - диаметр "трубы-соты", м;
π - 3,14.The value of F _honeycomb determine the diameter of one "pipe-honeycomb" according to the formula

where D _honeycomb is the diameter of the "pipe-cell", m;
π - 3.14.

где V_ср - средняя скорость перемещения потока гидросмеси (пульпы) в пульповоде, м/с;
D_сот - диаметр одной "трубы-соты", м;
V₀ - скорость осаждения зерна (частицы) в движущемся потоке, м/с;
K₁ - коэффициент, учитывающий ускорение падения частицы в режиме интенсивного перемещения;
K₂ - коэффициент, учитывающий стесненные условия выпадания частицы в придонном слое пульпы.The length of the slurry line from its beginning to the cutter is determined by the formula

where V _sr - the average velocity of the flow of the slurry (pulp) in the slurry line, m / s;
D _honeycomb - the diameter of one "tube-cell", m;
V ₀ - the deposition rate of grain (particles) in a moving stream, m / s;
K ₁ - coefficient taking into account the acceleration of the fall of particles in the mode of intensive movement;
K ₂ - coefficient taking into account the constrained conditions of the precipitation of particles in the bottom layer of the pulp.

где V₀ - скорость осаждения зерна (частицы), м/с;
d - диаметр зерна (крупность), м;
ρ - плотность зерна (частицы), кг/м³;
0,89 - эмпирический коэффициент.The value of the deposition rate of grain (particle) V ₀ for transition from turbulent to laminar flow regime of the slurry (pulp) is determined by the formula:

where V ₀ is the deposition rate of the grain (particle), m / s;
d - grain diameter (fineness), m;
ρ is the density of the grain (particle), kg / m ³ ;
0.89 is an empirical coefficient.

,
где φ - коэффициент скорости, φ = 0,82 - 0,85;
g - ускорение свободного падения, g = 9,81 м/с;
H - перепад высот входного и выходного отверстий пульповода, м.V _cf - the average velocity of the flow of slurry (pulp) in the slurry conduit is determined by the dependence:

,
where φ is the velocity coefficient, φ = 0.82 - 0.85;
g is the acceleration of gravity, g = 9.81 m / s;
H is the height difference of the inlet and outlet openings of the slurry line, m

On each of 1 ... m `` pipe-cells '', at an estimated distance L of _{pulps, a} separate removable shut-off block is mounted, the design of which allows you to adjust the flow rate of pulp slurry with enriched concentrate and deposited native particles of the allocated mineral (metal) within 0.1 -20% of the pulp slurry flow rate for each of the 1 ... m "tube-honeycomb" slurry pipeline where _pulps L - length of slurry pipeline from its beginning to the blade.

This cutoff hole is made in the form of a parallel tape slit with a width b of the _slit and a length L of the _slit .

где C - глубина отсекателя, м;
C - величина переменная (регулируемая);
b_щели - ширина щели, м;
b_щели - (5-10)d_max;
d_max - максимальный размер отводимых частиц, м.The dimensions of the slit of the cutter are related by the dependence expressed by the formula:

where C is the depth of the cutter, m;
C - variable value (adjustable);
b _slots - _slit width, m;
b _slots - (5-10) d _max ;
d _max - the maximum size of the removed particles, m

The length of the slit of the cutter is selected within the dependence:
L _slots = (2-5) D _cells ,
where L _slots - the length of the slit, m;
D _honeycomb - the diameter of the "pipe-honeycomb", m

 In addition, the individual blocks of the shutoffs are interconnected by separate sections of pipes of the same diameter as the cutter body pipes using detachable flange connections, and the number (1 ... k) of cutoffs, and therefore the connecting sections of the pipes, is determined by laboratory analyzes of the hydraulic mixture with an enriched concentrator and native particles and minerals or metal for the demolition of the enriched concentrate and native particles of the released mineral or metal.

 Receiving bunkers are mounted under each shut-off device for collecting slurry with an enriched concentrator and native particles of a mineral or metal.

 A settling tank is installed under the first or k-th cutter, in the receiving hopper of which a solid slurry phase (solid particles of the concentrate and native particles of the allocated mineral) is accumulated and thickened by the method of natural deposition, and the liquid slurry phase (water), overflowing over the edges of the hopper, by gravity, pressurelessly enters the receiving funnel, from which it flows by gravity into the thickener through the connecting line (pipe).

 Or especially valuable small and fine particles of recoverable mineral (metal) removed from the sump are isolated on a press filter, and the deposited concentrate and native particles entering the hoppers are fed from them by a sand, soil or jet pump to the thickener.

 In addition, from the receiving hopper of the sump, after natural sedimentation and thickening, approximately to the ratio T: W = 1: 2, the solid phase of the hydraulic mixture (solid particles of the concentrate and native particles of the allocated mineral) through the outlet pipe with a hose valve flows by gravity, pressurelessly into the centrifugal concentrator , in which additional enrichment of the solid phase of the slurry takes place, which after drying is brought to the state of "pure" concentrate on the magnetic-liquid separation complex, which can significantly increase the recovery the carriage of small and thin minerals (metal, for example gold) from 5-10 microns and more in size, in the centrifugal concentrator the sediment from the accumulator hopper of the thickener is also processed, in which small and thin particles of useful minerals that are emitted by the deposition method are accumulated, carried out by the flow of water from the sump .

 The concentrate and native particles of the allocated mineral, removed from the sump, can be subjected to further technological processing, for example, by cyanidation, heap leaching or go to a concentration plant.

The slurry is discharged from the “cellular” slurry line through the end sections connected to the k-th last block of the cutter, the length of the end section is taken to be 0.5L _pulp and mounted to the block of the cutter by means of a flange connector secured by bolted connections.

 The use of two or more hydraulic screens is advisable to apply with a large, more than 10% clay content in the original rock mass or in the presence of other mineral substances that contribute to the “sticking” of small and fine particles of the extracted mineral, for example, fine and fine gold, as well as other technological reasons, due to the composition of the original rock mass or requirements, for example by size, to the desired product - concentrate.

 In the process of multiple passage of the slurry (pulp) flow along the working surfaces of the sieves (1 ... n) of hydraulic screens, not only high-quality calibration occurs - sifting of the solid phase of the slurry (rock particles) as a result of the design of calibration holes of different diameters in the sieves, but also “rubbing” it during the passage of the pulp stream over the sieve surface as a result of the impact of the pulp stream on the edges of the sieve holes.

 The number of cut-offs of the cellular slurry piping is determined by the laboratory processing of concentrate samples from each cutter for the presence of demolition of the useful allocated mineral. Cutoffs are made in the form of separate blocks-inserts in each of the "pipes-cells" of the "cellular" slurry line.

где V_ср - средняя (передвигающая) скорость потока гидросмеси (пульпы) в пульповоде, м/с;
D_сот - диаметр "трубы-соты", м;
μ - кинематическая вязкость гидросмеси, см²/с;
V_ср = (1,3-1,5)V_дон,

где V_дон - донная скорость течения, м/с;
γ_п - удельный вес частиц, г/см³;
e - основание натуральных логарифмов;
d - размер переносимых частиц, мм.The mode of movement of the slurry (laminar or turbulent) in each of the "pipes-cells" of the cell pulp line is determined by the Reynolds criterion Re. The value of the Reynolds criterion is determined by the formula:

where V _sr - the average (moving) flow rate of the slurry (pulp) in the slurry line, m / s;
D _honeycomb - the diameter of the "pipe-honeycomb", m;
μ is the kinematic viscosity of the slurry, cm ² / s;
V _sr = (1.3-1.5) V _don ,

where V _don - bottom flow velocity, m / s;
γ _p - specific gravity of particles, g / cm ³ ;
e is the base of the natural logarithms;
d is the size of the transferred particles, mm.

 At Re <2300, the mode of motion of the slurry is laminar; at Re> 2300, the regime is turbulent.

где D_cот - диаметр "трубы-соты", м;
Re - критерий Рейнольдса;
λ - коэффициент Дарси.According to experimental studies, basically the mode of movement of the slurry (pulp) in each "cell" of the "cell" slurry line, despite the gravity-free gravity flow of the slurry (pulp) stream, is turbulent. In the turbulent mode of motion of the slurry (gravity and pressureless) in a thin wall layer of thickness δ, the slurry flows in a laminar mode. The thickness of this laminar layer is determined by the formula:

where D _cot is the diameter of the "pipe-cell", m;
Re - Reynolds criterion;
λ is the Darcy coefficient.

В относительно тонком (по отношению к диаметру "трубы-соты" D_сот) слое толщиной δ движение гидросмеси происходит в ламинарном режиме, скорость движения гидросмеси (пульпы) быстро возрастает от нуля до некоторого значения, близкого к среднему V_ср для потока. Через короткий переходный участок пограничный ламинарный слой плавно соединяется с турбулентным ядром основной части потока (где скорость движения гидросмеси гораздо выше скорости движения в пристеночном ламинарном слое) и скорость движения гидросмеси (пульпы), как показывают экспериментальные исследования, достигает максимального значения на продольной оси "трубы-соты".For hydraulically smooth pipes in which the roughness of the wall R _{3 of the} inner surface (the size of the protrusions) is less than the thickness of the wall laminar layer δ of the Darcy coefficient is determined by the formula:

In a relatively thin (with respect to the diameter of the "pipe-cell" D _honeycomb ) layer of thickness δ, the movement of the slurry occurs in a laminar mode, the speed of the slurry (pulp) increases rapidly from zero to a value close to the average V _sr for the flow. Through a short transitional section, the boundary laminar layer smoothly connects with the turbulent core of the main part of the flow (where the speed of the slurry is much higher than the speed in the wall laminar layer) and the speed of the slurry (pulp), as shown by experimental studies, reaches its maximum value on the longitudinal axis of the pipe honeycombs. "

The magnitude (length) of the inlet section (stabilization section), which must pass the flow of slurry (pulp) in the "pipe-cell" before you establish a velocity profile corresponding to the laminar mode of motion in the wall layer, is determined by the formula
L _article = 0.693 • D _honeycomb • Re ^0.25 ,
where L _article - the length of the stabilization section, m;
D _honeycomb - the diameter of the "pipe-honeycomb", m;
Re is the Reynolds criterion.

 Thus, as the distance from the walls of the "cell-cell", the flow velocity of the slurry (pulp) in the axial direction increases, and small and thin particles of heavy extractable mineral (metal), whose sizes are less than the thickness of the wall laminar layer δ, fall into the wall layer and how would be “locked” in it by moving layers of slurry (pulp) moving at high speeds (located closer to the axis of the “pipe-cell”), i.e. held in it as in a "hydraulic trap".

 Since gravitational forces act on particles moving in a slurry (pulp) stream, including small and thin particles that are trapped in a “hydraulic” trap, these particles moving in a thin wall laminar due to the curvature of the inner wall of the “tube-cell” layer, “slide” along the inner wall and move along the bottom of the “honeycomb pipe” in the form of a thin “tow”. In this case, the movement of these particles (tow) together with larger particles of the released mineral (metal), which have moved to the bottom of the “honeycomb pipe” due to gravitational force, occurs due to the “locking” layers of the hydraulic mixture (pulp) moving with greater speed.

 Reaching the slit of the cutter block, particles moving in the “bundle” are removed from the “honeycomb” of the “cellular” pulp line in the form of a “rich” concentrate.

Технологическая схема предложенного способа приведена на фиг. 1.The magnitude H of the difference in height of the inlet and outlet openings of the slurry duct and the length of the slurry duct L _pulps determines the angle of inclination of the slurry duct (mounting angle) β by the formula:

The technological scheme of the proposed method is shown in FIG. 1.

 A cross-sectional view of a hydraulic screen housing with a top view of a multi-channel scroll is shown in FIG. 2.

 A cross section of a “cellular” pulp line is shown in FIG. 3.

 A longitudinal section of one "cell" in the region of the cutter and vibrator is shown in FIG. 4.

 A top view of the bottom tape gap of one honeycomb pipe is shown in FIG. 5.

 A graphical representation of the distribution of the velocity of the flow of slurry (slurry) in the "pipe-cell" of the slurry line and the location of the wall laminar layer of the slurry are shown in FIG. 6.

 Structural varieties of “cellular” slurry lines are shown in FIG. 7.

 The method is as follows.

 1. Determined by laboratory analysis, the particle size distribution (according to standard classes) and the content of the classes of allocated useful mineral (metal) contained in the processed rock mass in a free (chemically unbound) finely dispersed form, as well as the particle size and lithological composition containing the extracted mineral (metal) rock formation.

 2. The initial rock mass (see Fig. 1) is fed with a bulldozer 1 (or according to the transport scheme) to the sieve of the receiving hopper, for example, to the table of the hydraulic sash 2, where it is mixed with water supplied, for example, by the hydraulic monitor 3; and under the influence of gravitational force it is calibrated to a size of 20-60 mm.

 3. The sublattice product in the form of a slurry (pulp), for example, from under the table of the hydraulic saber 2, is fed by a jet, soil or sand pump 6 through a pressure pulp line into a multi-channel cochlear 23 (see Fig. 2) mounted above a conical, parabolic or broken sieve 25 of the first high-performance hydraulic screen 8 (see Fig. 1).

 4. Leaving the multi-channel cochlea 23 (see Fig. 2) in several streams (along the perimeter of the sieve 25), the flow of slurry (pulp) from (1 ... L) channels is evenly distributed and stratified over the entire working surface of the sieve 25, which ensures highly effective calibration of the solid phase of the slurry (particulate matter) and its “wiping” during the passage of the slurry (pulp) flow along the surface of the sieve 25 as a result of impacts of the pulp stream on the edges of the openings 26 on the surface of the sieve 25.

 The use of various types of sieves (conical, parabolic or broken), as well as the design of calibration holes of different diameters in sieves, allows more efficient calibration of the initial rock mass (depending on its granulometric and lithological composition) by adjusting the time it takes for the mass to be processed over the surface of the sieve while improving the quality of particle sieve calibration.

 Oversize product (gangue) in the form of pulp with a small amount of water (5-10%) is discharged into the hydraulic dump 7.

 6. In case of technological necessity, the calibration process is repeated the required number of times in the required number (1 ... n) of hydraulic screens, feeding the under-sieve product from the previous hydraulic screen to the subsequent hydraulic screen with a sand, soil or jet pump.

 7. After the calibration process and “wiping” during the passage of the slurry (pulp) flow over the sieve surface as a result of impacts of the pulp stream on the edges of the openings on the sieve surface, the calibrated sublattice product enters the “cell” slurry line 11, drawn from (1 ... m) “pipe-cells” (see FIG. 3).

 8. According to experimental studies, basically the mode of movement of the slurry (pulp) in each "cell" of the "cell" slurry line, despite the gravity-free gravity flow of the slurry (pulp) stream, is turbulent. In the turbulent mode of motion of the slurry (gravity and pressureless) in a thin wall layer of thickness δ, the slurry flows in a laminar mode. The thickness of this laminar layer for new steel seamless pipes ranges from (20-70) microns, for used (operated) steel seamless pipes it is (20-50) microns.

In a relatively thin (with respect to the diameter of the "pipe-cell" D _honeycomb ) layer of thickness δ, the movement of the slurry occurs in a laminar mode, the speed of the slurry (pulp) increases rapidly from zero to a value close to the average V _sr for the flow. Through a short transitional section, the boundary laminar layer smoothly connects with the turbulent core of the main part of the flow (where the speed of the slurry is much higher than the speed in the wall laminar layer) and the speed of the slurry (pulp), as shown by experimental studies, reaches its maximum value on the longitudinal axis of the pipe honeycombs. "

 Thus, as the distance from the walls of the "cell-cell", the flow velocity of the slurry (pulp) in the axial direction increases, and small and thin particles of heavy extractable mineral (metal), whose sizes are less than the thickness of the wall laminar layer δ, fall into the wall layer and how would be “locked” in it by moving layers of slurry (pulp) moving at high speeds (located closer to the axis of the “pipe-cell”), i.e. held in it as in a "hydraulic trap".

 Since gravitational forces act on particles moving in a slurry (pulp) stream, including small and thin particles that are trapped in a “hydraulic” trap, these particles moving in a thin wall laminar due to the curvature of the inner wall of the “tube-cell” layer, “slide” along the inner wall and move along the bottom of the “honeycomb pipe” in the form of a thin “tow”. In this case, the movement of these particles (tow) together with larger particles of the released mineral (metal), which have moved to the bottom of the “honeycomb pipe” due to gravitational force, occurs due to the “locking” layers of the hydraulic mixture (pulp) moving with greater speed.

 Reaching the slit of the cutter block, particles moving in the “bundle” are removed from the “tube-cells” of the cellular pulp line in the form of a “rich” concentrate.

9. On each of the (1 ... m) “pipe-cells”, at an estimated distance L of the _pulps (see Fig. 4), a separate removable block is mounted in the form of a part of the pipe of the slurry conduit of the cutoff 12, the design of which allows you to adjust the flow rate of the hydraulic mixture (pulp) with enriched concentrate and precipitated native particles of the allocated mineral (metal) within (0.1-20%) of the flow rate of the hydraulic mixture (pulp) for each of the (1 ... m) "pipes-cells" of the slurry line 11.

Bottom opening 28 in each "cell-pipe" slurry pipeline under which the body 27 is mounted clipper 12 configured as a slot parallel to the tape 28, _{the gap} width b and _{the slit} length L (FIG. 5 cm.). Enriched concentrate from the housing 27 of the cutter 12 is discharged through the slot 32 in the bottom of the housing 27.

 The depth control of the cutter and the flow rate of the output pulp is carried out by a lever-type damper 35 (see Fig. 4) mounted in a monolithic body 27 mounted in the lower part of the pipe of the block of the cutter 12 under the tape slot 28.

 10. Cutoffs 12 are installed in the line of each of the (1 ... m) “pipes-cells”, while separate blocks of cutters are interconnected by separate sections of pipes of the same diameter as the cutter pipes using detachable flange connections.

 The number (1 ... k) of cutoffs, and therefore the connecting sections of pipes, is determined by laboratory analyzes of a hydraulic mixture with an enriched concentrator and native particles of a mineral (metal) for demolition of the enriched concentrate and native particles of the released mineral (metal).

11. Under (1 ... k) shut-off devices mounted as separate blocks in each of the (1. ..m) “pipes-cells” of the slurry conduit, located at the same distance from the beginning of the pulp conduit L _pulps , receiving hoppers 36 are mounted for collecting slurries with enriched concentrate and native particles of mineral (metal), of which, for example, by jet pumps 15 (Fig. 1), slurry with enriched concentrate and native particles of mineral (metal) is fed to settling tank 14, for example, thin-layer, arc, etc.

 12. When processing the initial rock mass with a large specific gravity in order to extract a useful mineral from it, an electromagnetic, electromechanical or other type of vibrator 13 is installed in front of each of the cutters 12 installed on the honeycomb pulp line 11 with a variable direction of flow moving in the pulp line hydraulic mixtures (at an angle α) by the vector of the power pulse P, as well as with adjustable magnitude of the power pulse itself and the oscillation frequency. The vibrator 13 is attached to the “tube-cell” of the cell slurry duct 11 by an articulated bracket 33, the direction of the vector of the power pulse P (angle α) is changed by moving the back of the vibrator 13 along the arc bracket 34.

 13. Under the first or k-th cutter, a settling tank 14 is installed (see Fig. 1), in the receiving hopper of which the solid phase of the hydraulic mixture (solid particles of the concentrate and the native particles of the released mineral) is accumulated and thickened by the method of natural deposition, and the liquid phase of the hydraulic mixture (water ), pouring over the edges of the receiving hopper, by gravity, flows into the receiving funnel without gravity, from which it flows by gravity, through the connecting line (pipe), to the thickener 16. In laboratory installations or when isolating especially valuable small and fine particles of useful recoverable mineral (metal), carried out by the flow of water from the sump, can be isolated in a press filter of any design.

 The concentrate and native particles of the released mineral (metal) from other cutters entering the receiving hoppers 36 are fed from them by sand, soil or jet pumps 15 into the receiving hopper of the thickener 16.

 14. From the receiving hopper of the sedimentation tank 14 (after natural sedimentation and thickening, approximately to the ratio (T: W = 1: 2), the solid phase of the hydraulic mixture, solid particles of the concentrate and native particles of the allocated mineral through the branch pipe flow by gravity into the centrifugal concentrator 17, in which additional enrichment of the solid phase of the slurry takes place, which, after drying in the dryer 18, is brought to the state of a “pure” mineral or concentrate 21, for example, on a magneto-liquid separation complex 19, which allows a significant increase The extractability of a fine and fine mineral or metal, for example gold, ranging in size from 5-10 microns and more .. Concentrate 21 is collected in a collection 20 (see Fig. 1).

 In the centrifugal concentrator 17, the sediment from the thickener storage hopper 16 is also processed, in which small and fine particles of the useful mineral extracted by the flow of water are collected by the precipitation method. undergo further processing, for example, by cyanidation, heap leaching, or go to a concentration plant.

 15. The slurry is discharged from the cell slurry through the end sections connected to the k-th (last) block of the cutoff.

 16. The water supply to the units of the installation, which implements the method of enrichment of heavy small-fraction concentrates, is carried out by a pump 4 from a reservoir 5 (or from a water supply network). Tails (gangue) are dumped into hydraulic dumps 7.

Calculation Example
1. A hydraulic elevator unit with a jet pump with a capacity of V _t = 30 m ³ / h of solid product (initial rock mass) is selected to feed the pulp into the first hydraulic screen, and the ratio in the hydraulic mixture supplied by the jet pump T: L = (1:15) - (1:17). The initial mass is sand with a grain size of 2.5 mm.

The density of the supplied initial rock mass is equal to γ _T = 2.6 t / m ² , i.e. the hydraulic elevator unit delivers 78 tons per hour of the initial rock mass and 510 tons of water (V _B = 510 m ³ / h) at a water density of γ _B = 1 t / m ³ .

2. Для подачи воды в гидроэлеваторный узел выбирается насос 12НДС-11М производительностью 750 м³/ч и давлением 24,5 мм вод.ст. Подачу пульпы осуществляют по трубе диаметром 219 мм и толщиной стенки 5 мм, т.е. внутренний диаметр напорного пульповода D_п = 209 мм.The density of the slurry (pulp) ρ _cm supplied by the jet pump is determined by the formula

2. To supply water to the hydraulic elevator unit, a pump 12NDS-11M with a capacity of 750 m ³ / h and a pressure of 24.5 mm water column is selected. The pulp is fed through a pipe with a diameter of 219 mm and a wall thickness of 5 mm, i.e. the inner diameter of the pressure pulp duct D _p = 209 mm

V_кр = 2,485 м/с
где V_кр - критическая скорость потока, м/с;
D_п - внутренний диаметр трубы напорного патрубка, м;
D_п = 0,209 м;
ω - гидравлическая крупность частиц твердой фазы гидросмеси, м/с;
ρ_см - плотность подаваемой гидросмеси, т/м³; ρ_см = 1,088 т/м³ ;
ρ_о - плотность воды, т/м³; ρ_о = 1 т/м³ .3. The feed rate of the pulp V _pulps through the pressure pipe must be greater than the critical speed V _cr determined by the formula

V _cr = 2,485 m / s
where V _kr is the critical flow velocity, m / s;
D _p - the inner diameter of the pipe discharge pipe, m;
D _p = 0.209 m;
ω is the hydraulic particle size of the particles of the solid phase of the hydraulic mixture, m / s;
ρ _cm is the density of the supplied slurry, t / m ³ ; ρ _cm = 1,088 t / m ³ ;
ρ _{about the} density of water, t / m ³ ; ρ _about = 1 t / m ³ .

где V_т = 30 м³/ч;
V_в = 510 м³/ч;

4. Применим гидравлический грохот, например, с коническим решетом с круглым и калибрующими отверстиями определяется по эмпирической формуле

,
где D₁ - диаметр верхнего сечения решета, м; D₁ = 1,5 м;
D₂ - диаметр нижнего (выходного) сечения решения, м; D₂ = 0,5 м;
V_п - скорость потока пульпы при заходе на решето, м/с; V_п = 4,76 м/с;
d_гр - диаметр граничного зерна гидросмеси (пульпы) м; d_гр = 0,003 м;
d - диаметр отверстий решета, м, d = 0,007 м;
K₁ - эмпирический коэффициент, определяющий соотношение суммарной площади отверстий к площади решета; K₁ = 0,25;
K₂ - коэффициент, учитывающий концентрацию исходной гидросмеси (пульпы); K₂ = 1,12 (берется из таблиц);
K₃ - коэффициент, учитывающий содержание гравия в гидросмеси (пульпе); K₃ = 1 (берется из таблиц);
K₄ - коэффициент, учитывающий форму отверстий; K₄ = 0,8 для круглых отверстий.The feed rate of the pulp through the pulp D _p = 0,209 m is determined by the formula:

where V _t = 30 m ³ / h;
V _in = 510 m ³ / h;

4. We apply a hydraulic screen, for example, with a conical sieve with round and calibrating holes is determined by the empirical formula

,
where D ₁ - the diameter of the upper cross section of the sieve, m; D ₁ = 1.5 m;
D ₂ - the diameter of the lower (output) section of the solution, m; D ₂ = 0.5 m;
V _p - pulp flow rate when entering the sieve, m / s; V _p = 4.76 m / s;
d _gr - the diameter of the boundary grain slurry (pulp) m; d _gr = 0.003 m;
d is the diameter of the sieve holes, m, d = 0.007 m;
K ₁ is an empirical coefficient that determines the ratio of the total area of the holes to the area of the sieve; K ₁ = 0.25;
K ₂ - coefficient taking into account the concentration of the original slurry (pulp); K ₂ = 1.12 (taken from the tables);
K ₃ - coefficient taking into account the gravel content in the hydraulic mixture (pulp); K ₃ = 1 (taken from the tables);
K ₄ - coefficient taking into account the shape of the holes; K ₄ = 0.8 for round holes.

где F_общ - общая площадь сечения "сотового" пульповода, м²;
Q_под - подача в гидравлический грохот (в последний, в случае применения нескольких), м³/ч; Q_под = 588 м³/ч;
V_ср - средняя скорость перемещения потока гидросмеси (пульпы) в пульповоде, м/с;
3600 - число секунд в часе,
V_ср = (1,3-1,5)V_дон,
где V_дон - донная скорость, т.е. минимальная скорость, при которой происходит перемещение однородных зерен (частиц) любого удельного веса по дну пульповода.5. The total cross-sectional area of the “cellular” slurry line is determined by the formula:

where F _total - the total cross-sectional area of the "cellular" slurry line, m ² ;
Q _under - feed into a hydraulic screen (in the latter, in the case of several), m ³ / h; Q _under = 588 m ³ / h;
V _sr - the average velocity of the flow of slurry (pulp) in the slurry line, m / s;
3600 - the number of seconds per hour,
V _sr = (1.3-1.5) V _don ,
where V _don is the bottom velocity, i.e. minimum speed at which homogeneous grains (particles) of any specific gravity move along the bottom of the slurry line.

где V_дон - донная скорость течения, м/с;
γ_п - удельный вес частиц, г/см³; γ_п = 2,6 г/см³ ;
e - основание натуральных логарифмов; e = 2,71828;
d - размер переносимых частиц, мм; d = 2,5 мм.Bottom speed is determined by the empirical formula of Imshenetskiy and updated experimentally for the operating modes of the proposed method:

where V _don - bottom flow velocity, m / s;
γ _p - specific gravity of particles, g / cm ³ ; γ _p = 2.6 g / cm ³ ;
e is the base of the natural logarithms; e = 2.71828;
d is the size of the transferred particles, mm; d = 2.5 mm.

6. The value of V _sr is determined - the average velocity of the flow of the slurry (pulp) in the slurry line according to the formula:
V _sr = (1.3-1.5) V _don V _sr = 1.5 • 43.377 = 65.066 (cm / s).

We take V _sr = 1 m / s.

где F_сот - площадь поперечного сечения "трубы-соты", м²;
m - число "труб-сот", шт.; m = 4.The value of F _total (the value of the cross section of one "tube-cell") is determined by the formula:

where F _honeycomb is the cross-sectional area of the "pipe-honeycomb", m ² ;
m is the number of "pipes-cells", pcs .; m = 4.

7. Величина площади поперечного сечения одной "трубы-соты" F_сот определяется по формуле

где D_сот - диаметр "трубы-соты", м; π = 3,14.

7. The value of the cross-sectional area of one "tube-cell" F _honeycomb is determined by the formula

where D _honeycomb is the diameter of the "pipe-cell", m; π = 3.14.

Take D _honeycomb = 209 mm (using a standard pipe with a diameter of 219 mm and a wall thickness of 5 mm).

8. Длина пульповода (до отсекателя) определяется по формуле:

.Then

8. The length of the slurry line (to the cutter) is determined by the formula:

.

Considering the unevenness of the pulp feeding process with a hydraulic elevator assembly, we increase the length L of the _{pulps by} 1.5 times, i.e. L _pulp = 13 m
where V _sr - the average velocity of the flow of the slurry (pulp) in the slurry line, m / s;
D _honeycomb - the diameter of one "tube-cell", m;
V ₀ - the deposition rate of grain (particles) in a moving stream, m / s;
K ₁ is a coefficient that takes into account the acceleration of particle fall in the intensive movement mode for particles larger than 1 mm, K ₁ = 1, particles smaller than 1 mm K ₁ is determined by the formula:

where d is the size of the particles of a useful mineral deposited in the pulp line, mm.

d = 5•3,38 = 16,9 (мкм), примем d = 20 мм. Определим K₁:

,
K₂ - коэффициент, учитывающий стесненные условия выпадения частицы в придонном слое пульпы, K₂ = 0,1 (берется из таблиц).We take d = 5 μm for Au, then the particle size of the same weight of the “empty” rock (sand) will be larger by the equidivisibility coefficient K _p , determined by the formula:

d = 5 • 3.38 = 16.9 (μm), we take d = 20 mm. Define K ₁ :

,
K ₂ - coefficient taking into account the constrained conditions of the precipitation of particles in the bottom layer of the pulp, K ₂ = 0.1 (taken from tables).

где V₀ - скорость осаждения зерна (частицы), м/с;
d - размер зерна (крупность), м; d = 0,0002;
ρ - плотность зерна (частицы), кг/м²; ρ = 2600;
0,89 - эмпирический коэффициент.The value of the deposition rate of grain (particle) V ₀ for transition from turbulent to laminar flow regime of the slurry (pulp) is determined by the formula:

where V ₀ is the deposition rate of the grain (particle), m / s;
d - grain size (size), m; d = 0,0002;
ρ is the grain density (particles), kg / m ² ; ρ = 2600;
0.89 is an empirical coefficient.

где ф - коэффициент скорости, ф = 0,82-0,85; примем ф = 0,835;
g - ускорение свободного падения, g = 9,81 м/с;
H - перепад высот входного и выходного отверстий пульповода, м

.9. On the other hand, V _sr - the average velocity of the flow of slurry (pulp) in the slurry is determined by the dependence:

where f is the velocity coefficient, f = 0.82-0.85; take f = 0.835;
g is the acceleration of gravity, g = 9.81 m / s;
H - height difference of the inlet and outlet openings of the slurry line, m

.

.10. Installation (mounting) angle β of the slope of the cell pulp line to the horizontal plane is determined by the formula

.

где V_ср - средняя скорость перемещения потока гидросмеси (пульпы) в пульповоде, м/с; V_ср = 1,19 м/с;
D_cот - диаметр "трубы-соты", м; D_сот = 0,209 м;
μ - кинематическая вязкость гидросмеси, см²/с; μ = 0,0131 м²/с.11. The mode of movement of the slurry (laminar or turbulent) in each of the “pipes-cells” of the “cellular” slurry line is determined by the Reynolds criterion Re. The value of the Reynolds criterion is determined by the formula:

where V _sr - the average velocity of the flow of the slurry (pulp) in the slurry line, m / s; V _sr = 1.19 m / s;
D _cot is the diameter of the "pipe-cell", m; D _honeycomb = 0.209 m;
μ is the kinematic viscosity of the slurry, cm ² / s; μ = 0.0131 m ² / s.

где D_сот - диаметр "трубы-соты", мм; D_сот = 209 мм;
Re - критерий Рейнольдса; Re = 189854,96;
λ - коэффициент Дарси; λ = 0,0085129.12. The thickness of the parietal laminar layer δ, in which the hydraulic mixture (pulp) during gravity and pressureless movement along each of the "pipes-cells" of the "cellular" pulp duct, moves in laminar mode, is determined by the formula

where D _honeycomb is the diameter of the pipe-honeycomb, mm; D _honeycomb = 209 mm;
Re - Reynolds criterion; Re = 189854.96;
λ is the Darcy coefficient; λ = 0.0085129.

.For hydraulic smooth pipes in which the roughness of the wall R _{e the} inner surface (the size of the protrusions) is less than the thickness of the wall laminar layer δ, the Darcy coefficient is determined by the formula:

.

13. The magnitude (length) of the inlet section, which must pass the flow of hydro-mixture (pulp) in the “pipe-cell”, before the velocity profile corresponding to the laminar regime of movement in the wall layer is established, is determined by the formula:
L _article = 0.693 • D _honeycomb • Re ^0.25 = 0.693 • 0.209 • 189854.96 ^0.25 = 3.023 (m),
where L _article is the diameter of the stabilization section, m;
D _honeycomb - the diameter of the "pipe-honeycomb", m; D _honeycomb = 0.209 m;
Re is the Reynolds criterion, Re = 189854.96.

где C - глубина отсекателя, м
C - величина переменная (регулируемая); C = (0-30) мм;
b_щели - ширина щели, м; b_щели = 25 мм;
b_щели = (5-10)d_max;
d_max - максимальный размер отводимых частиц, м; d_max = 3 мм.14. The bottom hole of the cutter is made in the form of a parallel tape slit with the width b of the _slit and the length L of the _slit . The depth of the cutter "C" and the flow rate of the output pulp are controlled by a lever-type damper mounted in the monolithic housing of the cutter under the bottom hole, and we take the dimensions of the cutter in the following ratios :

where C is the depth of the cutter, m
C - variable value (adjustable); C = (0-30) mm;
b _slots - _slit width, m; b _slots = 25 mm;
b _slots = (5-10) d _max ;
d _max - the maximum size of the removed particles, m; d _max = 3 mm.

The length of the target cutter is selected within the dependence:
L _slots = (2-5) D _cells ,
where L _slots - the length of the slit, m; L _slots = 0.5 m;
D _honeycomb - the diameter of the pipe-honeycomb, m; D _honeycomb = 0.209 m.

 The set of essential features of the proposed method exhibits new properties, consisting in the fact that the proposed combination and sequence of the proposed rock mass operations create the necessary conditions and ensure high-quality separation of mineral particles from the rock mass in the form of a "pure" mineral or rich concentrate - concentrate that was impossible highlight with existing industrial installations, for example, such particles of a mineral (metal) with a size of less than 0.25 mm that are not shown in the characteristics of the s trial fields during exploration for their industrial development, for example in the fields of fine and thin gold.

Claims (18)

 1. The enrichment method, which consists in eliminating on the calibration sieve the receiving hopper from the initial rock mass of gangue exceeding the maximum particle size of the recoverable mineral, determined by laboratory analyzes of the initial rock mass, and further stage-by-stage processing of the undergrate product on at least one hydraulic screen using various types of calibration sieves - conical, parabolic or broken, to control the transit time of the processed mass on the surface sieve, then on thickeners, high-performance concentrators and refinement of the concentrate to the state of pure mineral on the magneto-liquid separation complex, characterized in that the rock mass is calibrated on the sieve of the receiving hopper to a size of 20-60 mm and mixed with water with a ground, sand or jet pump they are fed into a multi-channel cochlear mounted above the hydraulic sieve calibration sieve, from where they are distributed and stratified along several surfaces of the hydraulic sieve over several 1 ... L channels along the entire surface of the hydraulic sieve, providing by wiping the slurry during the passage along the surface of the sieve, and, depending on the granulometric and lithological composition of the initial rock mass, as well as the size of the extracted useful mineral, at least one conical, parabolic or broken sieve of the sieve is made with calibration holes of different diameters, moreover, the under-sieve product of the last hydraulic screen is sent to a “cellular” slurry line drawn from “pipe-cells” in each of which several l ... K cutters, etc. and this controls the flow rate of pulp with enriched concentrate removed from the slurry cutters and the cutter depth in the direction of flow of the pulp flow with a lever-type damper mounted in the monolithic cutter body under the bottom hole in the pulp duct.  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when processing the initial rock mass with a high specific gravity, an electromagnetic, electromechanical, or other other type of vibrator is installed in front of each cutter on a honeycomb pulp conduit with a power pulse vector that is variable in the direction of the pulp stream, due to the variable the angle of installation of the vibrator, as well as with adjustable magnitude and frequency of the power pulse.  3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the laboratory analysis determines the particle size distribution according to standard classes and the content according to the classes of the allocated useful mineral (metal) contained in the processed rock mass in a free, chemically unbound finely dispersed form, as well as particle size and lithological composition containing the extracted mineral (metal) of the rock. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the initial rock mass is fed with a bulldozer or according to the transport scheme to the table of the hydraulic sash, where it is mixed with water supplied by a hydraulic monitor and calibrated to a size of 20-60 mm under the influence of gravitational force,
5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the sub-sieve product of the hydrogauge is jet, soil or sand pump is fed through a pressure pulp line to a multichannel cochlea with a speed exceeding the critical speed value for a pulp line of a given diameter, determined by the formula

where V _kr is the critical flow velocity, m / s;
D _p - the inner diameter of the pipe discharge pipe, m;
ω is the hydraulic particle size of the particles of the solid phase of the hydraulic mixture, m / s;
ρ _CM - the density of the supplied slurry, t / m ³ ;
ρ _O is the density of water, t / m ³ .  6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in case of technological necessity, the calibration process is repeated the required number of times in the required number of 1 ... n hydraulic screens, feeding the under-sieve product from the previous hydraulic screen to a subsequent hydraulic screen with a sand, soil or jet pump . 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the "pipes-cells" of the slurry line is made in the form of a linear or linear-annular inclined slurry line, and the total cross-sectional area of the "cell" slurry line is determined by the formula

where F _total - the total cross-sectional area of the "cellular" slurry line, m ² ;
Q _gr - productivity of the nth (last, in the case of several) hydraulic screen, m ³ / h;
V _cp is the average velocity of the flow of slurry (pulp) in the slurry line, m / s;
3600 - the number of seconds per hour,
V _sr = (1.3-1.5) V _don ,
where V _don is the bottom velocity, i.e. the minimum speed at which homogeneous grains (particles) of any specific gravity move along the bottom of the slurry conduit is determined by the empirical formula

where V _don - bottom flow velocity, m / s;
γ _p - specific gravity of particles, g / cm ³ ;
e is the basis of natural logarithms;
d is the size of the transferred particles, mm,
the performance of a hydraulic screen, for example, with a conical sieve with round gauge holes, is determined by the empirical formula

where D ₁ - the diameter of the upper cross section of the sieve, m;
D ₂ - the diameter of the lower (output) section of the sieve, m;
V _p - pulp flow rate when entering the sieve, m / s;
d _{gr the} diameter of the boundary grain slurry (pulp), m;
d is the diameter of the holes of the sieve, m;
K ₁ is an empirical coefficient that determines the ratio of the total area of the holes to the area of the sieve;
K ₂ - coefficient taking into account the concentration of the original slurry (pulp);
K ₃ - coefficient taking into account containing gravel in slurry (pulp);
To ₄ - coefficient taking into account the shape of the holes of the sieve. 8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the value of F _total determines the value of the cross section of one "pipe-cell" according to the formula

where F _honeycomb is the cross-sectional area of one "pipe-cell", m ₂ ;
m is the number of "pipe-cells", pcs. 9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that according to the value of F _cells , the diameter of one "pipe-cell" is determined by the formula

where D _honeycomb is the diameter of the "pipe-cell", m;
π - 3.14. 10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the slurry line from its beginning to the cutter is determined by the formula

where V _cp is the average velocity of the flow of the slurry (pulp) in the slurry line, m / s;
D _honeycomb - the diameter of one "tube-cell", m;
V ₀ - the deposition rate of grain (particles) in a moving stream, m / s;
K ₁ - coefficient taking into account the acceleration of the fall of particles in the mode of intensive movement;
K ₂ - coefficient taking into account the constrained conditions of the precipitation of particles in the bottom layer of the pulp,
the value of the deposition rate of grain (particle) V ₀ for transition from turbulent to laminar flow regime of the slurry (pulp) is determined by the formula

where V ₀ is the deposition rate of the grain (particle), m / s;
d - grain diameter (fineness), m;
ρ is the density of the grain (particle), kg / m ³ ;
0.89 - empirical coefficient;
V _cp - the average velocity of the flow of slurry (pulp) in the slurry conduit is determined by the dependence

where φ is the velocity coefficient, φ = 0.82-0.85;
q is the acceleration of gravity, q = 9.81 m / s;
N is the height difference of the inlet and outlet openings of the slurry line, m 11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that on each of l ... m. "pipes-cells" at a calculated distance L of _{pulps, a} separate removable shut-off block is mounted, the design of which allows you to adjust the flow of slurry (pulp) with enriched concentrate and deposited native particles of the allocated mineral (metal) within 0.1-20% of the flow rate of slurry slurry for each of the l ... m "tube-honeycomb" slurry pipeline, wherein the length L _pulp slurry pipeline from its beginning to the blade. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the bottom hole in the slurry pipeline for each clipper is in the form of parallel strip slit _gap width b and length L _slit dimensions of which are connected by relation

where C is the depth of the cutter, m;
C - variable value (adjustable);
b _slots - _slit width, m;
b _slots - (5-10) d _max ;
d _max - the maximum size of the removed particles, m,
slit length of the cutter is selected within the dependence
L _slots = (2-5) D _cells ,
where L _slots - the length of the slit, m;
D _honeycomb - the diameter of the "pipe-honeycomb", m  13. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the individual blocks of the cutters are interconnected by separate sections of pipes of the same diameter as the pipes of the housing of the block block of the cutter using detachable flange connections, and the number l ... k of cutters, therefore, of the connecting pipe sections is determined laboratory analyzes of slurries with an enriched concentrate and native particles of a mineral (metal) for demolition of the enriched concentrate and native particles of a released mineral (metal).  14. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that under each cutter mounted receiving bins for collecting slurries with enriched concentrate and native particles of mineral or metal.  15. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a settler is installed under the first or k-th cutter, in the receiving hopper of which a solid phase of the hydraulic mixture (solid particles of the concentrate and native particles of the allocated mineral) is accumulated and thickened by the method of natural deposition, and the liquid phase of the hydraulic mixture (water), overflowing over the edges of the receiving hopper, by gravity, without pressure, enters the receiving funnel, from which it flows by gravity, without pressure, through the connecting line (pipe) to the thickener.  16. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that under each cutter a settling tank is installed, especially valuable small and fine particles of recoverable mineral (metal) removed from it are separated on a press filter, and the deposited concentrate and native particles entering the hoppers are fed of which a sand, soil or jet pump into the thickener.  17. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that from the receiving hopper of the sump after natural sedimentation and thickening, approximately to the ratio T: W = 1: 2, the solid phase of the hydraulic mixture (solid particles of the concentrate and native particles of the allocated mineral) through the outlet pipe with with a hose valve, it flows by gravity, without pressure, into a centrifugal concentrator, in which an additional enrichment of the solid phase of the hydraulic mixture takes place, which, after drying, is brought to the state of “pure” concentrate on the magneto-liquid separation complex, which allows significantly increase the extractability of a small and fine mineral (metal, for example gold) from 5-10 microns and more in size, while in the centrifugal concentrator the sediment from the accumulator of the thickener is also processed, in which small and fine particles of the useful emitted mineral released by the precipitation method are accumulated the flow of water from the sump.  18. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the concentrate and native particles of the allocated mineral discharged from the sump can be further processed, for example, by cyanidation, heap leaching, or fed to an enrichment plant. 19. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the discharge of the slurry from the "cellular" slurry line occurs through end sections connected to the k-th last block of the cut-off of each "cell-cell", while the length of the end section is taken equal to 0.5 L _{the pulp} and is mounted to the blocker by means of a flange connector secured by bolted connections.

Images