RU215646U1 - Railway wagon for transporting glass - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of railway transport and relates to wagons intended for the transportation of large sheet glass. The technical result achieved by the utility model is to simplify the design and increase the reliability of a railway car for transporting glass. The technical result is achieved due to the fact that in a railway car for transporting glass, containing a carrier frame installed on the undercarriages, a superstructure placed and rigidly fixed on the frame for accommodating and fixing the transported glass, according to the utility model, the carrier frame contains a central longitudinal carrier beam rigidly connected with end beams at both ends, carrying cross beams placed between the end beams above the undercarriages symmetrically with respect to the transverse axes of symmetry of the trucks, while the ends of the load-bearing cross beams are connected to the load-bearing longitudinal beam by braces, in terms of the angle between each brace and the longitudinal load-bearing beam is 30 -45 °, between the load-bearing cross beams and the end beams closest to them, on both sides of the central longitudinal beam, there are longitudinal beams that form a rigid structure with the end and load-bearing cross beams, the distance L ₁ between the load-bearing cross beams, measured relative to their central longitudinal axes, is (0.59 ÷ 0.67)⋅L ₂ , where L ₂ is the length of the car without automatic couplers, the distance L ₃ between the end beams and the bearing cross beams closest to them is (0.5 ÷ 0.7)⋅(L ₂ -L ₁ ), the superstructure is mounted on supports fixed to the load-bearing cross beams. 3 w.p. f-ly, 5 figs.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of railway transport and relates to wagons intended for the transportation of large sheet glass.

Known frame for the transport of glass (patent No. CN 209337659 utility model), which is located in the gondola; the device comprises a bottom frame and an A-shaped frame pivotally connected to the bottom frame. The A-shaped frame contains the first column of the stand and the second column of the stand. The top of the first column and the second column are connected, and the bottom is separated; at least one reinforcing beam is located between the first stand of the stand and the second stand of the stand. The lower frame comprises a first frame body and a second frame body which are hinged. In this case, the first frame body and the second frame body are located opposite each other, the A-shaped frame is inserted into the lower frame, an adjacent angle of 3-6 degrees is formed between the upper faces of the first frame body and the second frame body. and a horizontal plane, the connecting device contains connecting elements located at two ends of the lower frame, and reinforcing seats detachably connected to the connecting elements, moreover, the reinforcing seats are connected to the inner wall of the gondola car. The device is simple in design, quickly assembled and disassembled from a gondola car, folded, convenient to transport and send back, has a very high practicality.

The disadvantage of the frame according to patent No. CN 209337659 is its complexity and unreliability.

A railway car is known for transporting oversized and oversized glass (RF patent No. 133484 for a utility model), containing a carrier frame installed on undercarriages, a body with flooring with placed fasteners for the transported cargo, end and sliding side walls, while the car is made with length from 13 m to 13.5 m, the body is made in the form of at least two telescopically connected U-shaped sections movable relative to the frame of the car, forming a hermetic shelter of the internal space of the car, the fastening element of the transported cargo is made in the form of a fixed on the carrier frame symmetrically with respect to the transverse axis wagon symmetry, at least one A-shaped pyramid.

Known wagon-body, specially adapted for the transport of large sheet glass or other heavy sheet material (patent document No. US 763555), which can be easily broken in the hands. The car body is mounted on wheels in the prescribed manner, and attached to this body is a bed or frame b, provided with crossbars Y and 15' to which the rollers are attached. b'. Said rollers P are adapted to receive a sliding or oscillating frame or platform, which usually rests on the top of the wagon body. In order to limit the sliding movement of the oscillating frame, guides d are provided in which a roller connection d' is adapted to engage, fixed to the oscillating frame or platform. Attached to the underside of the oscillating platform is a rod e, having a bent end e' and provided with teeth on the inner edge, which are adapted to mesh with a gear wheel f. Said gear f is mounted on a shaft f', which in turn is mounted on a platform b and a van body a. The outer end of the shaft f' is provided with a square end f' to which a handle y is fitted to provide means for turning the shaft to drive the pinion and engage the toothed bar. In order to guide the oscillating platform in its movement and to keep the gear wheel in engagement with the gear wheel on the rod, a guide e' or edge is provided which is adapted to engage with an annular projection on the gear wheel - wheel f. Near the end of the shaft f' and the ratchet wheel g' fixed on it, and in engagement with the said ratchet wheel and the locking pawl g' attached to the car body, which is used in combination with the said ratchet wheel to lock parts and prevent accidental displacement of the oscillating platform.

The disadvantage of the body car is its complexity and unreliability.

The body car (No. US 763555) was chosen as the closest analogue.

The technical problem solved by the proposed utility model is the creation of a simple and reliable railway car designed to transport glass.

The technical result achieved by the utility model is to simplify the design and increase the reliability of a railway car for transporting glass.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that in a railway car for transporting glass, containing a carrier frame installed on the undercarriages, a superstructure placed and rigidly fixed on the frame for accommodating and fixing the transported glass, according to the utility model, the carrier frame contains a central longitudinal carrier beam rigidly connected with end beams at both ends, carrying cross beams placed between the end beams above the undercarriages symmetrically with respect to the transverse axes of symmetry of the trucks, while the ends of the load-bearing cross beams are connected to the load-bearing longitudinal beam by braces, in terms of the angle between each brace and the longitudinal load-bearing beam is 30 -45 °, between the load-bearing cross beams and the end beams closest to them, on both sides of the central longitudinal beam, there are longitudinal beams that form a rigid structure with the end and load-bearing cross beams, the distance L ₁ between the load-bearing cross beams, measured relative to their central longitudinal axes, is (0.59 ÷ 0.67)⋅L ₂ , where L ₂ is the length of the car without automatic couplers, the distance L ₃ between the end beams and the bearing cross beams closest to them is (0.5 ÷ 0.7)⋅(L ₂ -L ₁ ), the superstructure is mounted on supports fixed to the load-bearing cross beams.

The add-on for placing and fastening the transported glass contains a base resting on supports, a pyramidal rack is placed along the base, designed to fasten sheets of glass relative to it.

The longitudinal edges of the base are raised relative to the central longitudinal section of the base.

The distance L ₄ between the supports of the superstructure can be equal to L _1.

The claimed utility model is illustrated by figures.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the claimed railway car for transporting glass.

In FIG. 2 shows a side view of the claimed car.

In FIG. 3 shows the frame of the inventive railway car for transporting glass.

In FIG. 4 shows a diagram of the bending moment in the case of L ₄ = L ₁ .

In FIG. 5 shows the curve of the bending moment in the case of L ₄ ≠ L ₁ .

Positions on figures:

1 - frame;

2 - running carts;

3 - superstructure;

4 - longitudinal bearing beam;

5 - load-bearing cross beams;

6 - end beams;

7 - braces;

8 - supports;

9 - base;

10 - pyramidal rack;

11 - longitudinal beams.

The inventive rail car for transporting glass contains installed on the undercarriage 2 carrier frame 1; superstructure 3 placed and rigidly fixed on the frame for placement and fastening of the transported glass, the carrier frame 1 contains a central longitudinal carrier beam 4, rigidly connected at both ends with the end beams 6, the bearing transverse beams 5, placed between the end beams 6 above the undercarriages 2 symmetrically relative to the transverse axes of symmetry of the trucks 2; while the ends of the bearing transverse beams 5 are connected to the bearing longitudinal beam 4 by braces 7; in terms of the angle α between each brace 7 and the longitudinal bearing beam 4 is 30-45°; between the bearing cross beams 5 and the end beams 6 closest to them, on both sides of the central longitudinal beam 4, longitudinal beams 11 are located, forming a rigid structure with the end beams 6 and the load-bearing cross beams 5; the distance L ₁ between the bearing cross beams 5, measured relative to their central longitudinal axes, is (0.59÷0.67)⋅L ₂ , where L ₂ is the length of the car excluding automatic couplers; the distance L ₃ between the end beams 6 and the bearing cross beams 5 closest to them is (0.5÷0.7)⋅(L ₂ -L ₁ ), the add-on 3 is mounted on supports 8 fixed on the load-bearing cross beams 5. Add-on 3 for placement and fastening of the transported glass contains the base 9, based on the supports 8; along the base 9 there is a pyramidal rack 10, designed to fasten sheets of glass relative to it. The longitudinal edges of the base 9 are raised relative to the central longitudinal section of the base 9. The distance L ₄ between the supports of the superstructure is L ₁ for reasons of uniform distribution of the load on the load-bearing transverse beams and the exclusion of the bending moment M in the frame of the platform, while if the distance L ₄ between the supports of the superstructure is not equal to L ₁ (for example ± 200 mm), the presence of a bending moment is inevitably M, which will lead to a decrease in strength and fatigue life of the platform frame structure.

Glass is one of the most fragile and specific cargoes. Currently, the most common method of glass fastening is the use of pyramidal racks 10, which are installed symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the car. Such pyramidal racks 10 allow the glass to be stacked at an angle, thus ensuring the best possible safety of the glass during transport. Before transportation, glass sheets are collected in transport packages. The specific type of glass fastening in the car is selected individually for each loading, depending on the size, quantity and weight of glass. Pyramidal rack 10 allows you to transport blocks of sheet glass without special packaging in wooden containers without significant damage. The rack 10 is permanently fixed in the cars, it is mainly ˄-shaped. The rack 10 is fixed on the base 9, made of transverse and longitudinal beams fixed on the supports 8. The longitudinal beams of the base 9 are raised relative to the central longitudinal section of the base 9 to ensure a more stable position of the glass packages on the base 9.

Since glass should be transported with a minimum probability of glass damage due to dynamic loads arising during transportation, the car frame is made in such a way that the main dynamic loads fall on the most rigid and reliable beams. Also, to reduce the number of structural elements that perceive dynamic loads and are able to transfer them to the superstructure 3, in the frame 1 in the area between the beams 6 there are no longitudinal beams connecting the ends of the beams 6. The pyramidal rack 10 is located along the central longitudinal beam 4, while above Beam 4 is exactly the design of the rack 10, and not glass. The glasses rest on the base 9 on the side of the rack 10. For a more stable position of the glass, the edges of the base 9 are raised. In addition, this design of the base 9 ensures the presence of minor elastic properties, which allows to some extent to compensate for the dynamic loads acting on the superstructure 3.

Frame 1 is made with geometric parameters that ensure its sufficient rigidity and reliability.

The size L ₁ and, accordingly, the size L ₄ are selected based on the maximum possible glass dimensions for safe and non-damaging transportation. With large dimensions of glass, its own mechanical strength is significantly reduced, and the risk of its damage during transportation increases significantly due to dynamic loads arising in the process of movement.

Size L ₂ is chosen by calculation based on the need to place undercarriages 2 within the dimensions of frame 1.

Size L₃also chosen by calculation based on the minimum required and sufficient distance between the beams 5 and 6 from the point of view of the stability of the frame 1, as well as on the basis of ensuring reliable adhesion between the cars when passing curved track sections.

The value of the angle α was chosen by calculation based on the strength and reliability of frame 1, as well as on the basis of the need to absorb the main dynamic loads by beams 4 and 6, reducing the load from braces 7.

The utility model fully allows to achieve (in comparison with the closest analogue) the technical result, which consists in simplifying the design and increasing the reliability of a railway car for transporting glass.

Claims (4)

1. A railway car for transporting glass, containing a carrier frame mounted on trolleys, a superstructure placed and rigidly fixed on the frame for accommodating and securing transported glass, characterized in that the carrier frame contains a central longitudinal carrier beam rigidly connected at both ends with end beams , bearing transverse beams placed between the end beams above the undercarriages symmetrically with respect to the transverse axes of symmetry of the carts, while the ends of the bearing transverse beams are connected to the supporting longitudinal beam by braces, in terms of the angle between each brace and the longitudinal supporting beam is 30-45 °, between the bearing transverse beams and the end beams closest to them, on both sides of the central longitudinal beam, there are longitudinal beams that form a rigid structure with the end and load-bearing cross beams, the distance L ₁ between the load-bearing cross beams, measured relative to their central longitudinal axes, is t (0.59÷0.67)⋅L ₂ , where L ₂ is the length of the car excluding automatic couplers, the distance L ₃ between the end beams and the bearing cross beams closest to them is (0.5÷0.7)⋅( L ₂ -L ₁ ), the superstructure is mounted on supports fixed to the load-bearing cross beams. 2. The car according to claim. 1, characterized in that the superstructure for placing and fastening the transported glass contains a base resting on supports, a pyramidal rack is placed along the base, designed to fasten sheets of glass relative to it. 3. The car according to claim. 2, characterized in that the longitudinal edges of the base are raised relative to the central longitudinal section of the base. 4. The car according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance L ₄ between the supports of the superstructure is equal to L _1.

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