RU2152703C1 - Interrow crop sowing method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: method involves carrying out sowing simultaneously with presowing soil cultivation by shaving hoes having angle of penetration which may be adjusted depending upon soil density; providing treatment at postemergence period by basic herbicide mixture applied at flow rate of 400-500 g/ha or Lantrel mixture applied at flow rate of 300-400 g/ha. EFFECT: reduced costs for mechanical and chemical treatment and improved quality of young crop.

Description

 The invention relates to agriculture, and in particular to methods of cultivating row crops.

 A known method of cultivating corn, including two, three different depth pre-treatment, applying mineral fertilizers, sowing, two pre-emergence harrows, emergence harrowing, 3 to 4 inter-row treatments. However, under conditions of increased wetting, multioperationality leads to soil compaction, increased costs, and the execution of technological operations is frustrated during the rainy season / Ya.V. Smolsky, 1970 /.

 Also known is the technology of cultivating row crops, including pre-sowing treatments, fertilizer application, pre-emergence harrowing, seedling harrowing, row-spacing treatments, and Bazis herbicide treatment.

 The disadvantages of this method of cultivation can also include multioperational presowing and vegetation treatments.

 The low efficiency of the herbicidal treatment with weed by perennial dicotyledonous weeds and with a mixed root-offspring-juvenile type of weed leads to additional chemical or mechanical treatments / Herbicide Bazis, 750 st.s. - a new word in weed control in corn crops // Protection and Plant Quarantine. - 1998. - N 9. - S. 1 /.

 The purpose of the invention is to reduce the cost of mechanical and chemical treatments, improving the quality of sowing.

 The method is as follows.

In spring, if necessary, loosening to a depth of 12-14 cm is carried out by the KCh-5.4 cultivator with a leveling device - a drag. Sowing is carried out with the SUPN-8 seeder, in front of each opener of which the working parts of the cultivator KCH-5.4 are attached with brackets - springy racks with razor legs / l -27-33 cm /. On cultivated soils with normal density / 1.0-1.25 g / cm ³ / razor paw set in a horizontal position at the optimum depth. With increased soil density / more than 1.25 g / cm ³ /, the razor paw is set at an acute angle of entry into the soil / 0.5 ^o - 3 ^o /. When the soil is folded below the optimal values / less than 1.0 g / cm ³ / paws are attached at an obtuse angle of entry into the soil.

 The use of a spring strut and adjusting the angle of entry of shaving paws into the soil, depending on its condition, ensures the stability of the drill coulters, uniform placement of seeds on a hard bed with sufficient loosening of the top soil layer.

 The proposed method of sowing with simultaneous strip tillage in the row zone allows you to abandon the independent pre-sowing treatment even in difficult terrain and rocky soils, helps to reduce erosion processes.

3 - 5 days after sowing, loosening is performed with locally tape uniform application of mineral fertilizers of a grain-fertilizer seeder with a row spacing of 12.5 - 15 cm. Processing is carried out at an angle of 35 - 45 ^o to the direction of sowing, which reduces the damage to seedlings of corn seeds in rows and eliminates stimulation of viable weed seeds in the surface soil layer.

 In a phase of 3 to 5 leaves, the crops are treated with a tank mixture of Basis 750 st. with. in a minimum dose of up to 20 g / ha with Lantrel 300BP - 50 g / ha or Banvel 400 - 500 g / ha. Adding Lantrel or Banvel allows you to reduce the dose of Basis, and effectively affect perennial dicotyledonous weeds that are not amenable to Basis.

 In conditions of increased moisture and soil compaction during the formation of crust and weediness by perennial and perennial weeds, inter-row cultivation is carried out with the protective zone and rows sprinkled using cultivating paws with left and right dumps. This provides optimal soil conditions and prevents the formation of a new, sustainable type of weediness.

Example. On a rocky area with an increased soil density of 10 ha, corn was sown with the SUPN-8 seeder with spring racks fixed in front of the seeders, with razor legs at an angle of entry into the soil of 2 ^o .

When hitting obstacles / stones, bumps / working bodies of the combined sowing unit, the surface of the soil was corroded, the sowing coulters were evenly moved in depth. 5 days after sowing, pre-emergence cultivation was carried out with the simultaneous application of fertilizers at an angle of 40 ^o to the direction of sowing. In a phase of 3 to 5 leaves, the crops were treated with a potato mixture of Basis at a dose of 20 g / ha and Lantrel - 500 g / ha.

 When weeds and crusts appeared after rain, they carried out inter-row cultivation to a depth of 10 cm with sprinkling of protective zones and rows with paws with left- and right-hand dumpers.

 The proposed method allows to exclude independent pre-sowing treatment, to ensure the stability of the coulters on different soils, the friendliness of seedlings. Unlike the prototype, the use of a tank mixture of minimum doses of Basis with Lantrel or Banvel allows you to effectively affect all varieties of weeds when removing the total herbicidal load on the crop.

Claims (1)

 A method of sowing row crops, including pre-sowing treatment, sowing and herbicidal treatment, the sowing being carried out simultaneously with pre-sowing treatment with razor legs on springy racks attached in front of the coulters, characterized in that the herbicidal treatment is carried out in the post-emergence period with a Basis tank mixture of 750 bp . - 20 g / ha with Banvel 400 - 500 g / ha or Lantrel 300 - 500 g / ha, and the angle of entry of the razor paws is regulated depending on the density of the soil.