RU2147122C1 - Method for setting early stage diagnosis of cholelithiasis - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: method involves taking patient blood sample from finger and drying it between the microscope slides. Photometric examination of the so produced optic cell is carried out between the crossed polarizers in measuring light intensity passed through the blood samples. The measurements are repeated 24, 48 and 72 h later after holding the cell at room temperature. The obtained data are compared and early stage of cholelithiasis is to be diagnosed when finding the minimum and maximum value spread to be 2.1-5.0 times as large. EFFECT: revealed active lithogenesis process at early stage in the gallbladder and biliary duct before the concrement formation takes place.

Description

 The invention relates to medicine, namely to laboratory research relating to the diagnosis of somatic diseases.

 Known methods for the diagnosis of cholelithiasis by determining an increase in blood cholesterol, insufficient bile acids in bile (Therapist's Handbook. Edited by Acad. RAMS N.R.Paleeva. M., Medicine, 1995, v. 2, p. 377- 380), according to the assessment of anisotropic structures in bile with polarizing microscopy (Rubens, Yu.P., Skuya N.A. "New methods of diagnosis and treatment in the clinic of internal diseases". Riga, 1981, p. 142-144). These methods for the diagnosis of gallstone disease can be used only with a pronounced clinical picture of the disease.

 Closest to the claimed invention is a method for the differential diagnosis of gallstone disease and calculous cholecystitis in the study of dried bile in the form of a drop. In the presence of a fully crystallized surface of the drop, gallstone disease is predicted (positive decision to grant a patent according to application 97108761/14 (009295).

 The disadvantage of this method is the inability to use it for mass research in connection with the need to obtain bile from the subjects.

 The essence of the invention lies in the fact that for research, take a sample of capillary blood from a finger, place it between the subject and cover glasses and incubated for three days. The resulting optical cells are placed between crossed polarizers and the intensity of light passing through the cells is measured immediately after preparation of the cell after 24, 48 and 72 hours. According to the difference in the intensity of the glow, gallstone disease is diagnosed.

 The technical result of the use of the invention is the ability to identify the active process of stone formation in the gallbladder and biliary tract before the stage of stone formation, which allows you to take appropriate preventive measures, as well as increasing the number of examined patients, reducing labor costs for research by eliminating the procedure for sampling bile.

The method is as follows. The patient takes blood from the pulp of a finger in an amount of 0.02-0.025 ml and is placed between the subject and coverslips. Then, the obtained optical cell is photographed between the crossed polarizers and the intensity of the light passing through the blood samples is measured. The measurement is repeated after 24, 48 and 72 hours after holding the cell at room temperature (20-28 ^o C). The values of the measurement of the intensity of the glow are expressed in arbitrary units (conventional units). Next, the obtained data is compared and, when the scatter of the minimum and maximum indicators is detected, 2.1 - 5.0 times the early stage of gallstone disease is diagnosed.

 Example 1. Patient M., 45 years old, has a history of hepatitis B. The patient takes blood from the pulp of a finger in the amount of 0.02 ml and is placed between the subject and coverslips, incubated for three days. The resulting optical cells are placed between crossed polarizers and the intensity of the light passing through the cells is measured immediately after the preparation of the cell after 24, 48 and 72 hours. The light intensity passing through the blood samples of patient M. after 0 hours was 6 conventional units, after 24 hours - 7 conventional units, after 48 hours. - 26 standard units, after 72 hours - 29 standard units The spread of indicators between measurements was 4.9.

 Conclusion: an early stage of gallstone disease is diagnosed.

 Confirmation was obtained by studying the crystallization pattern of a drop of bile by the method of differential diagnosis of gallstone disease and calculous cholecystitis (a positive decision to grant a patent according to application 97108761/14 (009295) - the entire surface of the dried drop is covered with salt crystals.

 Example 2. Patient C. 33 years. A history of hepatitis A. Preparation of blood samples is carried out as described in example 1. The light intensity passing through the blood samples of patient B. after 0 hours was 6 srvc. units , after 24 hours - 8 conventional units, after 48 hours. - 8 conventional units, after 72 hours - 14 standard units The spread of indicators between measurements was 2.3.

 Conclusion: an early stage of gallstone disease is diagnosed.

 Confirmation was obtained by studying the pattern of crystallization of a drop of bile by the method of differential diagnosis of gallstone disease and calculous cholecystitis, as described in example 1.

 Example 3. Patient S. 33 years. History of measles, rubella. The preparation of blood samples is carried out as described in example 1. The light intensity passing through the blood samples of patient C., after 0 hours was 6 srvc. units , after 24 hours - 8 conventional units, after 48 hours. - 8 conventional units, after 72 hours - 10 conventional units The spread of indicators between measurements was 1.6.

 Conclusion: gallstone disease is absent.

 Confirmation was obtained by studying the crystallization pattern of a bile drop by the method of differential diagnosis of gallstone disease and calculous cholecystitis (a positive decision to grant a patent according to application 97108761/14 (009295) - a transparent ring is determined along the perimeter of the dried bile drop.

Literature:
1. Handbook of the therapist. Ed. Acad. RAMS N.R.Paleeva. M., Medicine, 1995, v. 2, p. 377-380.

 2. Rubens Yu.P., Skuya N.A. "New methods of diagnosis and treatment in the clinic of internal diseases." Riga, 1981, p. 142-144.

 3. A method for the differential diagnosis of gallstone disease and calculous cholecystitis (a positive decision to grant a patent according to the application 97108761/14 (009295), priority dated 10.06.1997).

Claims (1)

 A method for early diagnosis of cholelithiasis by examining biological fluid in polarized light, characterized in that a blood sample is taken from a finger for research, dried between a glass slide and a cover slip, then the light intensity in the polarized field is re-measured after 0 - 72 hours and if there are changes in the intensity of the glow between its minimum and maximum values, 2.1 - 5.0 times diagnose the early stage of gallstone disease.