RU2109281C1 - Method to determine pathology of gastrointestinal tract in a child subjected to a low-dose radiation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine, radiology, medical diagnostics. SUBSTANCE: saliva is collected by micromethod and placed onto a glass underlying material. One salivary sample remains to be open for testing solid crystals with NaCl, another is covered with a cover glass to test liquid (anisotropic) crystals. Morphotypes are estimated on a light microscope, at the same time mesomorphic structures are placed between crossed polarized films. Branched or linear system of crystallization is revealed in the first sample, and an increase in comparison with the norm of mesomorphic structures, their thickness and diameter above 1 mcm is observed in the second sample. EFFECT: higher efficiency and accuracy of the method.

Description

 The invention relates to medicine, specifically to laboratory methods for mass research.

 Information on the detection of diseases of the adult and children's population in ecologically different regions is of great medical and social significance.

 A mass examination of children most fully and accurately reflects environmental problems, as the child’s body quickly responds to existing harmful factors in the environment. At the same time, children do not migrate in the region, are not associated with exposure to harmful production factors.

 To date, a sufficiently informative screening test for these purposes has not been developed. Used modern clinical and laboratory methods for conducting mass research of the population are quite laborious, require sufficient material costs.

 The proposed method is non-invasive, simple to implement and informative for assessing health using the "Healthy-sick" test. It is based on a combined study in saliva using a micromethod of solid and liquid crystal structures.

 The prototype of this method is a solid-crystalline method for the study of biofluids (Mints R.I. et al. Arch. Pat., 1987, N 7, p. 3-12; Anderson HE, Reid B. Appl. Phys. Commun., 1984, vol. 4, N 2 - 3, p. 217 - 239; Savelyeva L.A. et al. Pediatrics, 1985, N 2, p. 45 - 47; Plaksina GV et al. Crystallographic research method in gastroenterology. letter .-- M., 1990, p. 24).

 However, the known method is not accurate enough due to the fact that the results are taken into account on the basis of one pathological indicator in the crystallogram pattern. Moreover, due to the uneven structuring of NaCl in the central and peripheral zones of the drug, an erroneous interpretation of the obtained research results is possible. The information content of the method is not more than 70%.

 The aim of the invention is to improve the accuracy of diagnosis of assessing the state of the body.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that an additional microscopic examination of a sample of saliva in a drop covered by a coverslip and when a branched or linear crystallization system is detected in the first sample and an increase in comparison with the norm of liquid crystal structures, their thickness and diameter of more than 1 μm in the second sample is diagnosed as a pathological condition .

 A significant difference between this method and the prototype is that the diagnosis is based on a combined study of the process of structuring the biofluid during the mesophase by morphotypes of liquid crystal structures of saliva and the features of the formation of a solid crystalline NaCl pattern in it.

 The liquid crystal phase characterizes the state of the homeostasis of the body, the solid crystalline phase - the physico-chemical characteristics of the protein gel biofluid.

 It was first used for screening crystallographic studies of saliva, which makes the method non-invasive and simple for mass screening of the population.

 The liquid crystal structures of the saliva of a healthy child are found in two morphotypes: in the form of rare, thin (no more than 0.5 μm) liquid crystal lines and small "prosovidnyh" structures in diameter up to 0.4 μm.

 Under various pathological conditions, the number of morphotypes is much larger: there are “oily paths”, “spherulites”, wide “confocal domains”, reservoir structures and a dense network of thin structures. Their appearance is observed in various pathological processes.

 In this regard, an increase in the thickness of liquid crystal structures and the diameter of spherulites is reliably informative for pathology.

 The established patterns make it possible to increase diagnostics from 70% to 96% while maintaining low labor intensity, the possibility of applying the method for mass research and performing analyzes in the laboratory network of medical institutions.

 Example 1. Patient Tishkov S.A. (medical history N 13247/749), born in 1988, he was admitted to the hospital on 10.10.94 g for examination under the radiation program for the health status of children exposed to small doses of radiation.

 No complaints. Objectively, the condition of the boy is satisfactory. She feels well. By internal organs without visible pathology.

 For rapid diagnosis of the presence of a pathological process, crystallography of saliva was performed.

According to the proposed method, saliva was taken from the patient according to the method developed by us:
1. Mixed saliva is collected individually with an eye dropper and instilled into 2 cells of the study plate. In one of them there are 2 drops in advance of a 0.9% NaCl solution.

 2. Preparation of the drug is carried out by the drip method on a glass substrate (a cleanly washed and alcohol-treated glass slide). One drop remains open for studying solid crystals with NaCl, the other drop is closed by a coverslip, which creates an unpressurized chamber for studying liquid (anisotropic) crystals.

 3. The drug is aged 24 hours at room temperature.

 4. Evaluation of the results is carried out using a light microscope with a magnification of 7 • 8 by describing morphotypes. To study liquid crystal structures, the drug is placed between crossed polarized films in a light microscope.

 The results of crystallography of saliva.

 the crystallographic pattern with NaCl is represented by a branched system with a diamond-shaped center and radial rays. Liquid crystal morphotypes: an abundance of thickened LCD lines (1–3 μm), spherulites (2.0 μm), stab-like structures.

 Conclusion: the nature of the changes corresponds to the presence of a pathological process.

 Further in-depth examination of the child with the inclusion in the research plan of ultrasound of the abdominal organs, esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed the presence of chronic gastroduodenitis, reactive pancreatitis.

 Example 2. On an outpatient basis, a survey of 125 children with a suspected pathology of the gastrointestinal tract was performed. Saliva was pipetted into a tablet according to the method described in Example 1. Her further study was carried out similarly to that described in the same example. According to the proposed examination method, 96% of children revealed a pathological saliva test, which was verified in the future by a modern diagnostic complex, including ultrasound, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, and a morphological study of the state of the digestive mucosa.

 The effectiveness of the proposed method: convenient for mass screenings, reduces the examination time and material costs, and also eliminates the risk of contracting AIDS and other viral diseases.

Claims (1)

 A method for determining the pathology of the gastrointestinal tract of a child exposed to small doses of radiation by means of a crystallographic study of biofluids, characterized in that saliva is taken as a biofluid in an open and closed glass cover drop and in the presence of a branched or linear NaCl crystallization system and an increase compared to the norm of morphotypes of liquid crystal structures with a thickness and diameter of more than 1 micron determines the pathology of the gastrointestinal tract of the child.