RU211260U1 - Combined coulter for multi-level sowing of seeds and fertilization on an untreated background - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, mainly to sowing implements, in particular for sowing crops using zero technology with the simultaneous application of mineral fertilizers. The combined coulter for multi-level sowing of seeds and fertilizing on an untreated background includes a stand, a chisel, a seed duct and fertilizer ducts with furrow formers in the form of wedges. The furrow formers are located symmetrically on both sides behind the stand with the seed tube with the possibility of supplying fertilizers to the soil below the seed placement level. The inner plates of the furrow formers are installed parallel to the direction of movement. A replaceable removable sealing plate is installed on the lower end of the chisel for planning and stabilizing the seed bed. The use of the device helps to increase the yield of the cultivated crop.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, mainly to sowing implements, in particular for sowing crops using zero technology with the simultaneous application of mineral fertilizers.

A combined anchor coulter is known, containing a rack, a chisel, a seed tube, furrow formers are symmetrically installed on the rack in the form of side plates 6 mm thick, the rear lower working edges of which are located below the level of the toe of the bit, and a fertilizer tube is installed on the back side of the seed tube, which is a tube that bifurcates into two tubes of a smaller section, fixed on the rear ends of the furrow formers so that their ends extend beyond the rear lower working edges of the furrow formers (Utility model patent 207073 RU, publ. 10/11/2021, bull. No. 29).

The disadvantage of the combined anchor opener is the clogging of the space between the furrow formers with soil and plant residues, due to the small distance between the furrow formers.

As a prototype, a combined coulter for multi-level sowing of seeds and fertilizing was chosen, including a stand with a wedge-shaped chisel, a fertilizer duct, a seed guide and expanders installed behind the stand to the right and left of the chisel. The coulter is equipped with two mounting plates rigidly connected to the post and a second seed guide, while a sealing plate is fixed in the lower part of the fertilizer duct, and the seed guides are rigidly fixed between the expanders and the mounting plates for symmetrical sowing of seeds relative to the fertilizers applied to the furrow cut by the wedge, and the seed guides located with an inclination forward in the direction of the coulter movement (Patent for utility model 183148 RU, publ. 12.09.2018, bull. No. 26).

The disadvantage of this anchor coulter is the incomplete digestibility of fertilizers as the plant grows.

As the results of studies show, the supply of fertilizers to a depth of up to 6 cm below the level of the seeds with a shift away from the axis of the row up to 6 cm, depending on the crop being sown, row spacing and soil type, increases the yield of cultivated crops (Efimov V.N., Donskikh I.N., Tsarenko V.P. Fertilizer system / Under the editorship of V.N. Efimov - M.: KolosS, 2003, table 7, p. 21).

The technical task of the utility model is to supply mineral fertilizers below the level of the seeds with an offset away from the axis of the row, which ensures the development of a powerful fibrous root system of plants and an increase in their yield.

The technical result is ensured by the fact that in the combined coulter for multi-level sowing of seeds and fertilizing on an untreated background, including a stand, a chisel, a seed tube and fertilizer lines with furrow formers in the form of wedges, the furrow formers are located symmetrically on both sides behind the stand with a seed tube with the possibility of supplying fertilizer to the soil below the seed placement level, wherein the inner furrow former plates are installed parallel to the direction of movement, and a replaceable removable sealing plate is installed on the lower end of the bit for planning and stabilizing the seed bed.

In FIG. 1 shows a combined coulter for multi-level sowing of seeds and fertilizing on an untreated background (main view), in Fig. 2 is an isometric view, in FIG. 3 is a rear view, according to FIG. one.

The combined coulter for multi-level sowing of seeds and fertilizing on an untreated background includes a stand 1, a chisel 2, a seed duct 3 and fertilizer ducts 4 with furrow formers 5 in the form of wedges.

The furrow formers 5 are located symmetrically on both sides behind the post 1 with the seed tube 3 with the possibility of supplying mineral fertilizers to the soil below the level of seed placement. Moreover, the inner plates 6 of the furrow formers 5 are installed parallel to the direction of movement. At the lower end of the bit 2, a replaceable removable sealing plate 7 is installed for planning and stabilizing the seed bed.

Combined coulter for multi-level sowing of seeds and fertilization on an untreated background works as follows.

When performing a technological operation, the chisel 2 cuts a slot in the soil to a predetermined depth. The sealing plate 7 performs the planning and stabilization of the seed bed. The seeds are fed through the seed tube 3 and placed on the seed bed, prepared by the sealing plate 7. The sealing plate 7 is made with the possibility of removal and replacement. For example, to stabilize the seed bed, it is possible to install a sealing plate 7 of constant thickness along the length, i.e. with a zero relief angle, and to increase the degree of compaction, you can install a sealing plate 7 with a negative relief angle. Furrow formers 5 cut two grooves symmetrical with respect to the chisel 2 on both sides of the seed bed below the level of the sealing plate 7. Mineral fertilizers are fed through fertilizer lines 4 into the grooves formed by furrow formers 5. Mineral fertilizers can be both in granular and liquid form. Depending on the crop to be sown, the row spacing and soil type, the coulter size is selected according to the depth of mineral fertilizer supply relative to the level of the seeds and the shift away from the row axis.

The use of a combined coulter for multi-level sowing of seeds and fertilizing on an untreated background helps to increase the yield of the cultivated crop.

Claims (1)

A combined coulter for multi-level sowing of seeds and fertilizing on an untreated background, including a stand, a chisel, a seed tube and fertilizer lines with furrow formers in the form of wedges, characterized in that the furrow formers are located symmetrically on both sides behind the stand with the seed tube with the possibility of supplying fertilizers to the soil below the laying level seeds, and the inner plates of the furrow formers are installed parallel to the direction of movement, and a replaceable removable sealing plate is installed on the lower end of the bit for planning and stabilizing the seed bed.

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