RU2101098C1 - Device for separating material flow into size fractions - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: classification of waste in wood-working industry and wood pulp and paper industry. SUBSTANCE: device for separating material flow into size fractions has receiving and discharging sections, roller screen consisting of shafts with disks staggered on the shafts and shaft drive. All the disks are installed at an angle of 70 to 80 deg in relation to the shaft axis to ensure constant cross-section of the screen. Projections of the discs onto the plane perpendicular to the shaft axis comprise circumferences. EFFECT: improved efficiency. 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to agricultural machinery, and in particular to working bodies for dividing the flow of materials (industrial waste from pulp and paper and woodworking enterprises, organic fertilizers and quarry lime) into size fractions.

 A device is known for cleaning a pile of coarse impurities, consisting of parallel rotating rollers and rollers fixed to them, between which gaps of a rectangular shape are formed (Kozhukhovsky NE Grain-cleaning machines. M. Engineering, 1974. P.38-39).

 The disadvantage of this device is the lack of tedding of cohesive waste when the mass of material moves along the sieve, which leads to a decrease in the productivity of the process.

 The closest analogue to the proposed device is a device for separating the flow of materials into size fractions (sifting), including receiving and unloading sections, a drive mechanism, a roller sieve, consisting of shafts with ellipse disks mounted on them in a checkerboard pattern, some of which are angled to the axis of the corresponding shaft (GB, patent N 2017536, CL B 07 B 1/16, 1979).

 The disadvantage of this device is the low activity of tedding the material and the inability to maintain constant dimensions between the inclined axis of the shafts and normal disks during their rotation, which excludes the use of the device as a separator.

The objective of the invention is to ensure uniform distribution of materials on the surface of the sieve in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the mass flow, providing separation into fractions due to the installation of disks on the shafts of the roller sieve at an angle of 70-80 ^o to the axis of the shaft and the constancy of the living section of the sieve during rotation of the rollers.

 The technical result that can be obtained by carrying out the invention is to increase the performance of the process and maintaining the constancy of size fractions during separation.

 The essential features characterizing the invention are as follows.

 Restrictive signs: receiving and unloading sections, drive mechanism, roller sieve, consisting of shafts with ellipse disks mounted on them in a checkerboard pattern.

Distinctive features: all disks are mounted at sharp angles of 70-80 ^o to the axis of the shafts with the possibility of ensuring the constancy of the living section of the sieve, and their projections on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the shaft are circles.

 The causal relationship between the totality of the essential features of the invention and the achieved result is as follows.

As a result of the installation of disks on the shafts at an angle of 70-80 ^o to the axis of the shaft, the section of the holes between the disks of adjacent shafts is preserved, which ensures a constant material size in the passage fraction. During rotation of the disks of the roller sieve, they oscillate and intensively loosen the materials on the sieve, as a result of which the material does not cake, and the process of their movement and separation is activated, productivity increases.

 In FIG. 1 schematically shows a device for separating the flow of material into size fractions, side view; figure 2 is a view along arrow A in figure 1 (shafts of a roller sieve with discs and drive sprockets); figure 3 is a view along arrow B in figure 2 (an ellipse disk in cross section and on aligned planes).

A device for separating the flow of material into size fractions (figure 1) contains a roller sieve 1, receiving 2 and unloading 3 sections. The surface of the roller sieve 1 is formed by a series of shafts 4, on which are mounted ellipse disks 5, located at an angle of 70-80 ^o to the axis of the shafts. The drive of the shafts 4 of the roller sieve 1 is carried out by sleeve-roller chains 6 and 7 from the pulley shaft 8 on both sides of the sieve 1.

 The conveyor 9 provides the supply of source material through the receiving device 10 to the surface of the sieve 1. The output of the separation products is carried out by conveyors 11 and 12.

The shafts 4 of the roller sieve 1 (Fig. 2) are made in the form of pipes on which the trunnions 13 with sprockets are fixed 14. The ellipse disks 5 of the roller sieve 1 are staggered at an angle of 70-80 ^° to the longitudinal axis of the shaft.

 The projections of the working elements (ellipse disks) onto a plane perpendicular to the axis of the shaft fit into the circle, ensuring the constancy of the living section of the sieve 1.

The ellipse disk (figure 3) on two combined planes represents: on the first disk with constant inner D ₁ and outer D ₂ diameters, and on the other ellipse.

где Δ зазор между диском и валом, мм.The living cross section μ _F is determined by the formula

where Δ is the gap between the disk and the shaft, mm

где
l_min рабочий размер между дисками двух смежных валов, определяемый исходя из вида материала и требований агротехники, мм;
δ угол наклона диска, град; d70-80^o;
h расстояние между валами, мм.The largest particle size of the passage fraction is determined by the formula

Where
l _{min is the} working size between the disks of two adjacent shafts, determined on the basis of the type of material and the requirements of agricultural technology, mm;
δ angle of inclination of the disk, degrees; d70-80 ^o ;
h distance between shafts, mm.

Устройство работает следующим образом.

The device operates as follows.

 The loading conveyor 9 provides the supply of the source material to the receiving device 10. When you turn on the pulley 8 of the drive of the working bodies, the mass of material moves along the sieve 1. The shafts 4 make a rotational, and the ellipse disks 5 oscillatory movement, provide intensive mixing of the lower layers of continuously incoming material and moving it to exit. The disks 5, rotating, entrain the small fraction into the hole between them and simultaneously transport large fractions to the exit from the sieve 1, dropping them onto the conveyor 11. The pass-through fraction of the roller sieve 1 wakes up on the conveyor 12 and is transferred to the vehicle.

 Thus, uniform distribution of the material over the surface of the sieve and intensive screening of the fine fraction are ensured.

Claims (1)

A device for separating the flow of materials into size fractions, including receiving and unloading sections, a roller sieve, consisting of shafts with disks mounted on them in a checkerboard pattern, a shaft drive, characterized in that all disks are installed at an angle of 70 80 ^o to the shaft axis with the possibility ensuring the constancy of the living cross-section of the sieve, and their projection on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the shaft, are circles.

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