RU2060017C1 - Apparatus for separating contaminants from leaf tobacco - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: tobacco industry, in particular, separation of heavy and other contaminants from leaf tobacco. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has sieving surface and rolls positioned in succession above sieving surface. Conveyance and throw-up disks are fit in alternating arrangement onto rolls to form separating surface. Disks are adapted to shred tobacco. EFFECT: increased efficiency, simplified construction and enhanced reliability in operation. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the tobacco industry and can be used to separate impurities from tobacco leaf.

 The technological process of preparing tobacco for cutting includes the following basic operations: thermal treatment of tobacco bale, bale cure, clearing (dividing the bales into separate leaves), mixing, additional thermal treatment, cutting.

 The efficiency of the cutting process depends on the degree of tobacco cleaning, temperature and humidity of the tobacco mass.

 The technological instruction for the production of smoking products provides for the cleaning of tobacco from impurities. For this purpose, pneumatic separation devices are used that emit impurities according to aerodynamic properties.

 These devices are characterized by high energy consumption, tobacco losses as a result of pneumatic transportation, a change in the moisture-thermal balance of tobacco raw materials (Kogan I.S. Pashkov V.S. Trubnikova V.F. Technological equipment of the tobacco industry, 1972).

 More economical is the method of separation of impurities mechanically.

 In devices that implement a mechanical cleaning method, the separating surface can be formed by a series of rolls with disks that rotate in the same direction and are in vibration mode (ed. St. N 1703200).

 The main disadvantage of this device is the lack of vibration effect in relation to the tobacco mass, which absorbs the vibrations of the rolls.

 As a prototype, a device for cleaning tobacco from impurities according to auth. N 1554880, cl. A 24 B 3/18, 1990.

 The device comprises a chamber with a rotating mesh drum installed inside, through which impurities pass through, and immediately peeled tobacco leaves.

The disadvantages of the prototype include the following:
low utilization of the screening surface (a general lack of drum-type devices);
the use of pneumatic conveying to feed tobacco into the drum reduces the temperature and humidity of the tobacco. Transportation in an air-conditioned environment leads to additional costs;
low efficiency of the selection of impurities. In the prototype device there are no conditions for the free fall of tobacco necessary for the separation of impurities.

 The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the process of separating impurities from leaf tobacco by repeatedly tossing tobacco leaves under mechanical action by working bodies, followed by separation of impurities and pharmaceuticals (small particles of leaf tobacco) by particle size and aerodynamic properties.

 This is achieved by the fact that the proposed device contains a screening surface made in the form of a vibrating screen with an air pipe under the outlet part (the place for large impurities to gather), successively mounted in series in a row one after the other over the screening surface with the possibility of rotation of the rolls on which transporting or throwing discs are mounted forming a separating surface and providing additional plucking of the tobacco mass, while the axis of the rolls of the tossing discs are located above the level of the axes of the rolls t transporting discs, and the teeth of the tossing discs are directed along the movement of the tobacco leaves, and the teeth of the transporting discs in the opposite direction.

 Thus, the proposed device design will allow the separation of impurities from leaf tobacco in several stages at the first stage using disc rolls to isolate impurities and small particles of tobacco leaves, at the second using fine screen to separate small impurities with subsequent separation of large impurities and particles of tobacco leaves ( descent from the sieve) by aerodynamic properties.

 To effectively toss tobacco leaf mass, the rolls have discs of the corresponding profile, and their axis of rotation are located at different levels.

 The combination of features set forth in the claims, allows to obtain the necessary technical result to increase the efficiency of separation of impurities by repeatedly tossing tobacco leaves, followed by separation of impurities and pharmaceuticals in size and aerodynamic properties.

 Figure 1 shows the proposed device; figure 2 is a cross section of the device.

The main structural elements of the device are
an upper separating surface 1 having successively mounted conveying 2 and tossing 3 rolls;
the lower separating surface 4 with a vibrating screen 5, a fan 6, a pipe 7 at the outlet of the screen 5 and a receiver 8 of heavy impurities;
an inclined conveyor 15 connecting the places of unloading tobacco leaves from the last roll 16 and unloading pharmaceuticals;
the drive section, in which the electric motor 10, the eccentric drive 11, the intermediate shaft 12, the bearing bearings 13 of the rolls 2, 3 with the drive sprockets 14;
a casing 17 with a pipe 18 above the upper separating surface, the duct 19.

 The transporting rolls 2 and the throwing 3 have gear disks 20 and are installed sequentially one after another, while the transporting rolls are located below the throwing rolls 3. The disks 20 are mounted in increments along the roll, and the disks of each roll enter the gap between the disks of two adjacent rolls.

Teeth discs have an apex angle ^of 60, with one tooth face is directed along the radius of the roll. The throwing rolls have discs with teeth directed in such a way that when they rotate, the working surface of the tooth is radial. The transporting rolls 2 have discs with teeth directed in the opposite direction with respect to the teeth of the discs of the throwing rolls.

 The device operates as follows.

 The eccentric drive 11, the vibrating screen 5 and the intermediate shaft 12 are driven from the electric motor 10. The transporting 2 and tossing 3 rolls in one direction are driven from the shaft 12. The fan wheel 6 is driven by an eccentric drive shaft.

 Leaf tobacco is fed to the conveyor roll 2, then, in the direction of travel, it is thrown (shaken) on the roll 3 and transported and thrown again, passing the subsequent rolls, and unloaded onto the inclined conveyor 15.

 The heavy impurities in the tobacco (stones, sand, etc.), when passing through the upper screening surface, fall through the gaps between the discs and, together with scraps of leaves (pharmaceuticals), enter the vibrating screen 5.

 Small fractions (sand, mineral and tobacco dust) are separated on the vibrating screen, and tobacco particles and large impurities go to the output part of the vibrating screen, where, when leaving, they get into the directed air flow coming out of the pipe 7, fan 6. As a result, heavy particles fall into the receiver 8, and the lungs (pharmacy) fall on the inclined conveyor 15, which unloads the sheet tobacco from the installation.

 To remove dusty air from the installation, an air duct 19 and a pipe 18 of the casing 17 are used, which are connected to the aspiration system of the enterprise.

Claims (1)

 A device for separating impurities from sheet tobacco, including a screening surface made in the form of a vibrating screen with an air pipe under the outlet, characterized in that the rolls are rotationally mounted on the screening surface over the screening surface, onto which transporting and tossing discs are mounted alternately, forming a separating surface and used to tear off the tobacco mass, while the axis of the rolls of the tossing discs are located above the level of the axes of the rolls of transporting discs s, the teeth flipping discs are directed along the movement of tobacco leaves, and the teeth of the conveying discs to the opposite side.

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