RU2097120C1 - Reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: multiphase systems for chemical, nuclear, and other industries. SUBSTANCE: reactor has tubular vertical tank with facility for holding solid material, external tube, sediment chamber, liquid inlet and outlet pipes, and solid-material charging pipe. Reactor is also provided with valve box connected to bottom part of tank and having its intervalve space communicating with pipe for admitting intermittent pulse; space under valves communicates with external circulating tube. Top part of tank communicates with sediment chamber through transfer tube which communicates with circulating tube. Transfer tube has bell mouth, and solid-material charging pipe is made the form of funnel placed in bell mouth in a spaced relation to its walls. Solid-material holding facility is, essentially, perforated shell whose top part is placed in bell mouth. EFFECT: enlarged functional capabilities. 3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to constructions of contact devices used for carrying out processes in multiphase systems and can be used in chemical, atomic and other industries for dissolving bulk material in acids, desorption of various components from adsorbents and conducting chemical reactions in solid-liquid systems.

 A known apparatus for processing granular material with a liquid [1] comprising a housing with a lid, a sealed container and a perforated container with the processed material installed in it, nozzles for the input and output of the working fluid connected to the container, a pump for recirculating the liquid through the container. The device cannot be used for the reprocessing of nuclear fissile materials, as has a nuclear geometrical shape.

 Known multiphase contact apparatus [2, prototype] containing a tubular body, a remote circulation pipe, a device for placing a solid substance made in the form of plates mounted on a movable rod, a settling chamber, fluid inlet and outlet pipes and a material loading pipe, a pipe for inputting gas into the circulation pipe. The circulation of fluid in the apparatus is due to the effect of a gas lift.

Known devices [1, 2] are not reliable enough for the following reasons:
1. The volume of the settling chamber is negligible, therefore, when the substances are dissolved, accompanied by large foaming, it is not possible to reliably separate the gas phase from the liquid and reduce the entrainment of valuable products.

 2. The presence of moving parts in the apparatus requires reliable sealing, complicates the maintenance of the apparatus.

 The problem to which the invention is directed, is to increase the reliability of the reactor during the dissolution of nuclear fissile materials, as well as in the implementation of technological processes, accompanied by intense gas and foam formation.

 To solve this problem, the reactor, containing a vertical tubular body with a device for accommodating solids, an external circulation pipe, a settling chamber, liquid inlet and outlet nozzles and a solid loading nozzle, is equipped with a valve chamber connected to the lower part of the body, the inter valve space of which is communicated with a pipe for supplying a pulsating pulse, and the sub-valve space is in communication with the circulation pipe, while the upper part of the body is connected to the settling chamber, discharge pipe, communicating with a circulation pipe. In addition, the adapter tube has a socket with holes at the base, and the pipe for loading solid is made in the form of a funnel placed in the socket with a gap with respect to its walls, and the device for placing solid is made in the form of a perforated glass, the upper part of which is placed in the bell.

 In FIG. 1 schematically shows the proposed reactor; in FIG. 2 shows element A in FIG. one.

 The reactor (Fig. 1) consists of a cylindrical vertical casing 1, to the lower part of which a valve chamber 2 is connected, the inter-valve space of which is communicated with a pipe 3 for supplying a pulsating pulse and a pipe 4 with a valve 5 for supplying the initial solution. The valve chamber contains valves 6 and 7. The upper part of the housing has a transition pipe 8 and a settling chamber 9 with antifoam 10. The bottom of the settling chamber is made with a slope towards the transition pipe 8. The transition pipe 8 is in communication with the under-valve space 11 by means of a remote circulation pipe 12. Under-valve the space is equipped with a pipe 13 for emptying the reactor. To this branch pipe is connected a system 14 with valves 15, 16 for draining the solution from the housing 1 and the valve chamber 2. The adapter pipe 8 has a socket 17 with holes 18 (see Fig. 2) at the base, and the pipe 19 for loading solid is made with a funnel 20 so that between the bell 17 and the funnel 20 there is a gap 21. The pipe 19 has a sealed cover 22. In the settling chamber 9 there is a pipe 23 for the exit of the generated gases.

 In the reactor, a device for placing the solid phase is installed, made in the form of a perforated glass 24 with a seal 25.

 The reactor operates as follows.

 The solid phase is loaded into the perforated cup 24 through the nozzle 19, then the reactor is sealed with a cap 22 and filled with the liquid phase through the nozzle 4. A pressure pulse is supplied from the pulsator (not shown) through the nozzle 3 to the valve chamber 2, while valves 5, 15, 16 are closed. Under the influence of a pressure pulse, valve 6 opens and a directed movement of the liquid phase from the valve chamber is created through perforation into the glass 24, where interaction with the solid phase takes place, then the liquid phase through the gap 21 enters the settling chamber 9. Gases released during the interaction of liquid and solid the phases and forming the foam are separated in the settling chamber with the help of an antifoam 10 and discharged through the pipe 23 to the gas cleaning system, and the liquid phase flows through the openings 18 of the pipe 17 into the transition pipe 8. When from the pulse chamber stumbles pulse "vacuum" in the valve chamber 2 opens the valve 7 and the fluid from transition tube 8 flows through open valve 7 to mezhklapannoe space. Next, the cycle repeats. Due to pulsation pulses in the reactor, the circulation movement of the solution from the valve chamber 2 through the openings in the glass 24, the processed material, the settling chamber 9, the transition pipe 8, the circulation pipe 12 and then again into the valve chamber 2 is created. The seal 25 serves to prevent the solution from spilling from housing 1 into the circulation pipe 12, bypassing the glass 24.

 After a specified time or according to the results of the analysis of the solution, the latter is discharged from the reactor through valves 15, 16 and pipe 13.

 Then the process is repeated.

 The proposed design allows you to perform the geometric parameters of the reactor, ensuring reliable nuclear safety of the process of dissolution of fissile materials, accompanied by gas evolution and increased foaming. In comparison with the prototype of the proposed reactor has fewer moving parts.

Sources of information taken into account when filling out the application:
1. USSR author's certificate N 1104722, cl. B 01 J 8/00, 1986.

 2. Patent of the Russian Federation N 2036710, cl. B 01 F 13/02, 11/00, 1995.

Claims (3)

 1. The reactor containing a vertical tubular body with a device for accommodating solids, an external circulation pipe, a settling chamber, liquid inlet and outlet pipes and a solid material loading pipe, characterized in that it is provided with a valve chamber connected to the lower part of the body, the space of which is communicated with a pipe for supplying a pulsating pulse, and the subvalve space is communicated with a remote circulation pipe, while the upper part of the housing is connected to the settling chamber A gray transition pipe in communication with the circulation pipe.  2. The reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the transition pipe has a socket with holes at the base, and the pipe for loading solid is made in the form of a funnel placed in the socket with a gap with respect to its walls.  3. The reactor according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the device for placing a solid substance is made in the form of a perforated glass, the upper part of which is placed in the socket.

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