RU209351U1 - Rail fastening side insulator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is intended for use in rail fastenings of railway transport. The technical result of the side insulator is to increase its compactness and reduce material consumption. The side insulator has a front wall with drainage recesses, side walls, vertical l-shaped protrusions in cross section and horizontal l-shaped protrusions in cross section. The upper surface of each horizontal protrusion is inclined to the outside at an angle to the horizontal, a ledge is located above each horizontal protrusion to abut the end of the rail fastening terminal against it. Each side wall has an inclined flat upper part, under which there is a straight part and a step formed by the side face and the upper face of the side wall, while the overall length L of the side insulator depends on the height H of the side wall of the insulator within L=(4.5 -5.5)H, the inclined upper part of the side wall has a height h=(0.4-0.6)H, the straight part of the side wall has a height within h1=(0.15-0.27)H, the height h2 vertical edge of the corner recess is within h2=(0.15-0.27)H, and the angle β of inclination from the vertical of the upper part of the side wall towards the middle of the insulator is within β=2-6º. In the corner lower parts of the insulator there are corner drainage thresholds, each of which has a height equal to the height of each drainage recess of the insulator.

Description

The utility model relates to the elements of the attachment points of the rail to the base of the railway track. The side insulator is a removable component of the assembly and is intended primarily for its use in rail fasteners with anchor plates that are connected to the base of the track with screw fasteners recessed into the base dowels.

The insulator is designed to absorb lateral forces transmitted from the rail base to the mounting plate heads, to keep the track gauge within the calculated limits, to isolate the anchor head and track base from the electric current passing in the track circuits, to extinguish and transfer the load from the rail to the anchor head by means of sensing lateral forces transmitted from the base of the rail. In this case, in the case of replacing the anchor with another mounting anchor having a different thickness of the working shelf, the anchor is used to adjust the gauge of the rail track in cases of increased lateral wear of the rail head, or to change the smooth transition of straight sections of the track into curved sections at different radii of the track curvature.

From publications on the Internet, lateral insulators of rail fasteners are known for their use in the junctions of rails of a rail track with a concrete base of the track (Specifications "Rail spring fasteners for reinforced concrete sleepers PANDROL FASTCLIP", p. 5,20, Fig. D.1. General view of the side insulator "Side fastening insulator for anchor rail PANDROL-350", TU 3185-005-59753858-2009).

In the designs of Pendrol Limited (GB), side insulators are disclosed with numerical parameters characterizing the location and shape of the positioning support, preventing the displacement of the insulator in operation, while the wall of the insulator connects one side of the upper surface of the positioning support with the positioning element of the insulator, which can have the following dimensions : first plate, length 119 mm, height in the central part 20 mm and height in the rest 26 mm, with a thickness of 8 mm; the second plate is 55 mm long, 15.5 mm wide and 6 mm thick; the positioning element of the insulator has a length of 21.5 mm, a height of 26 mm and a width of 19.5 mm; the insulator recess has a width of 10.5 mm; the slot of the insulator has a height of 20 mm, a width of 8.5 mm and a length of 13 mm, and the thickness of the material forming two of the three vertical walls of the slot is approximately 8 mm; the positioning foot has a thickness of 3.5 mm at its thinnest point, the foot has an upper surface inclined at an angle of 16 ^° to the horizontal, a length of 15.5 mm, a width of 8.5 mm and a lower surface which rises 2 mm above the lowest point of the first plates (RU 2125626 C1, 27.01.1999. Fig.6-8, description text).

Also known are side insulators for rail fastening, disclosed in the patents of JSC "RS-Komplekt" RU 129938 U1, 10.07.2013. RU 130316 U1, 20.07.2013. RU 196527 U1, 03/03/2020, and the designs of insulators known from the indicated sources are intended for their use in such rail fasteners, the anchors of which have lower parts embedded in the concrete base. Such insulators cannot be used in compact rail fastening designs having plates that are screwed to the concrete bases of the rail track. This is due to the fact that each insulator disclosed in the above references has a relatively large dimension along its length due to the fact that each side wall of the insulator has a large projection into the outer side of the insulator. The form of execution of the side wall of the insulator significantly affects the consumption of the material of the insulator during its manufacture.

Of the known side insulators, patent RU 196527 U1 is selected as a prototype, in which a rail fastening side insulator is disclosed, which has common features with the side insulator disclosed in this description, containing a front wall, side walls, vertically oriented l-shaped protrusions and horizontally oriented inclined top L-shaped protrusions in cross section, the upper surface of each of which is inclined to the outside at an angle to the horizontal, and above each protrusion there is a ledge for resting the end of the rail fastening terminal against it, while each side wall has an inclined upper part, under which there is a straight line part and step formed by the side face and the top face of the side wall. The technical result of the side rail fastening insulator presented in this description is to increase the compactness of the insulator and reduce its material consumption.

The technical result is obtained by a side rail fastening insulator having a front wall with drainage recesses, side walls, vertical L-shaped protrusions in cross section and horizontal L-shaped protrusions in cross section, while the upper surface of each horizontal protrusion is inclined to the outside at an angle to horizontal and above each horizontal ledge there is a ledge for abutting the end of the rail fastening terminal into it, and each side wall has an inclined flat upper part, under which there is a straight flat part and a step under the straight flat part, formed by the side face and the upper face of the side wall, with In this case, the overall length L of the side insulator depends on the height H of the side wall of the insulator within L=(4.5-5.5)H, the inclined flat upper part of the side wall has a height h=(0.4-0.6)H , the straight flat part of the side wall has a height within h1=(0.15-0.27)H, the height h2 of the vertical face is angular mki is within h2=(0.15-0.27)H, and the angle β of inclination from the vertical of the upper part of the side wall towards the middle of the insulator is within β=2-6º, while in the corner lower parts of the insulator there are corner drainage thresholds, each of which has a height equal to the height of each drainage recess of the insulator.

In FIG. 1 shows a rail fastener side insulator, front view.

In FIG. 2 - side insulator, bottom view along arrow A in Fig.1.

In FIG. 3 - side insulator, rear view along arrow B in Fig.2.

In FIG. 4 - side insulator, side view along arrow B in Fig.1.

In FIG. 5 shows the side insulator in the view along the arrow D in Fig.3.

Figure 6 - side insulator in a perspective view, rear view with rotation around the vertical axis of the insulator.

Figure 7 - side insulator in a perspective view, front view with rotation

around the vertical axis of the insulator.

Figure 8 is a diagram of the side wall of the insulator.

Figure 9 is a diagram of the location of the side insulators on the rail fastening plate, fixed on the concrete base of the rail track.

The side insulator has a complex three-dimensional shape in the form of a spatial molded part (figure 1-3) made of electrically insulating durable material. The insulator has a plurality of intersecting monolithically made walls, which form the contour of the positioning working support shelf. The side insulator contains a front wall 1, a rear surface 2 of the wall 1 (figure 3), side walls 3, vertical l-shaped in cross-section ledges 4 guides (figure 1.5), which protrude perpendicularly from the central part of the insulator and form from the inside recesses 5 (figure 5).

Each side wall 3 (Fig.6,7) has an upper flat part inclined towards the middle of the insulator, below which there is a flat vertical part 6 of the wall 3 and under it there is an edge 7 inclined to the horizontal plane (Fig.7), forming with a vertical edge 8 corner notch 9.

On the rear side of the insulator there are horizontal L-shaped protrusions 10 in cross section (figure 4), the upper surface 11 of each of which is inclined to the outside at an angle to the horizontal. The protrusions 10 extend from the front wall 1 to the outside, they are designed to be located under the ends of the rail fastening clamp, as well as to keep the side insulator from moving in the plane of action on the torsional insulator.

Above each protrusion 10 is a ledge 12 (Fig.4,6,7), which serves to abut against its surface of the terminal end of the rail fastening unit (terminal not shown). In the bottom of the insulator in the front wall there are rectangular drainage recesses 13 (Fig.1,3) to prevent stagnation of water condensate in the joints of the insulator with the head of the rail fastening plate.

The insulator has conical protrusions 15 located in its recesses 14 (figure 2), which provide a tight connection and reliable fixation of the side insulator on the head of the rail connection plate. The protrusions 15 also protect the surfaces of the insulator behind them from damage when the side insulator is put on the head of the plate.

Said corner recess 9 (Fig. 7) is located at each end of the insulator from its lower side so that face 7 serves to press the rail pad (not shown) to the rail fastening plate. In this case, the side face 8 serves to prevent the movement and rotation of the rail pad in the horizontal plane when the pad and the side insulator are in working position on the rail fastening plate (the plate is not shown).

In the lower corner parts of the insulator there are corner drainage sills 16 (FIGS. 1, 7), each of which has a height equal to the height of each drainage recess 13. Thresholds 16 serve to drain condensate and water from the rail fastening.

In the view of the insulator from below and behind (Fig.6), each vertical L-shaped protrusion 4 in the front view forms a truncated pyramid, tapering away from the insulator, which makes it easier to insert the insulator onto the anchor head of the fastening plate and put it on the head, at the same time, in the process of connecting the insulator to the head of the plate, the insulator is connected to the head with an interference fit, forming a tight and reliable connection.

The side insulator has an overall length L (Fig. 5), a height H of the side wall (Fig. 8), a height h of the inclined part of the side wall, a height h1 of the straight part of the side wall, a height h2 of the vertical face 8 of the corner recess 9 and a height h3 of the drainage corner threshold 16, equal to the height of each drainage recess 13.

The inclined upper part of the side wall 3 has a height within h=(0.4-0.6)H, the straight part of the side wall has a height h1 within h1=(0.15-0.27)H, the height h2 of the vertical face 8 the corner recess is within h2=(0.15-0.27)H, the height h3 of the drainage threshold 16 is within h3=(0.1-0.2)N. The angle β of the inclination of the upper part of the side wall 3 to the middle of the insulator from the vertical plane is within β=2-6º. The optimal angle β=4º of inclination of the inclined part of the side wall 3 is set, which is between the minimum value of this angle β=2º (at which the overhang of the side wall 3 is minimal) and the maximum value equal to the angle β=6º (at which the overhang of the side wall is maximum) . With the optimal value of β=4º, the optimal values of the overall length L and height H of the side wall are achieved, which meet the requirements for the optimal layout of the side insulator in the rail fastening unit. The minimum angle is obtained from the conditions of high-quality extraction of the finished insulator from the mold after its casting and curing.

The two side insulators 17 (FIG. 9) are part of one rail fastening assembly, shown schematically in (FIG. 9). Conditionally shown in the top view in dimensions, the insulators are fixed on the terminal devices 18 so that the insulators are located on the sides of the rail 19 of the rail track and the sole 20 of the rail is located between the insulators 17 on two opposite sides from the rail axis. Terminal devices 18 and insulators 17 rest on the rail fastening plate 21 and are located offset to opposite edges of the plate 21. Next to each terminal device is a screw device 22 for fastening the plate 21 to the concrete base 23 of the rail track. When choosing such a layout of the rail fastening, which is shown in Fig.9, the overall length of the side insulator is selected depending on the height H of the side wall of the insulator within L=(4.5-5.5)N. As a result, a side insulator was obtained that satisfies the conditions for increasing the compactness of the rail fastening and the compactness of the side insulator itself, provided that its material consumption is reduced within 5-10% of the material consumption of a standard side insulator.

The side insulator works as follows. A side insulator is put on the head (not shown) of the rail fastening plate and the assembly of the rail-to-base connection is mounted in a known manner. In this case, in the working position, the front wall 1 of the insulator is in a preloaded position against the end of the sole 20 of the rail 19 (Fig.9).

When the rolling stock moves along the rail track, the rail experiences loads of pressing against the base 23 of the track, separation from the base and shear relative to the base. These loads are transferred to the side insulator.

As a result, the insulator insulates the rail from the electric current passing in the track circuits, dampens the shock and dynamic loads acting from the rail, perceives the lateral forces transmitted from the rail base to the slab head, and keeps the railway track gauge within the calculated limits.

At the same time, due to the simplification of the design of the insulator and the change in its shape, the length of the insulator and the consumption of material are reduced due to the exclusion of end conical parts of complex shape from the design. Reducing the length of the side insulator made it possible to increase the area on the surface of the rail fastening plate in its corner zones, which made it possible to compactly arrange the bolts of the bolted connection of the plate with the sleeper.

The side insulator disclosed in this invention excludes: the possibility of its damage when put on the head of the plate, the displacement of the under-rail pad of the rail fastening in the longitudinal direction, the possibility of scuffing the side insulator with thermal elongation of the rail or with a decrease in its length. The insulator also makes it possible to manufacture identical mounting insulators with different flange thicknesses for reinstalling them in case of wear of the rail heads of the track, as well as for adjusting the track gauge on curved sections of the railway with a small radius.

Together, the design and shape of the insulator made it possible to place it compactly in the corner area of the mounting plate of the bolted rail fastening, the plate of which is fixed to the concrete base of the rail track with screws.

Claims (1)

Side rail fastening insulator containing a front wall with drainage recesses, side walls, vertical L-shaped projections in cross section and horizontal L-shaped projections in cross section, while the upper surface of each horizontal projection is inclined to the outside at an angle to the horizontal and above each horizontal protrusion has a ledge for abutting the end of the rail fastening terminal into it, characterized in that each side wall has an inclined flat upper part, under which there is a straight flat part and a step under the straight flat part, formed by the side face and the upper face of the side wall, with In this case, the overall length L of the side insulator depends on the height H of the side wall of the insulator within L=(4.5-5.5)H, the inclined flat upper part of the side wall has a height h=(0.4-0.6)H , the straight flat part of the side wall has a height within h1=(0.15-0.27)H, the height h2 of the vertical edge of the corner recess is within h2=(0.15-0.27)H, and the angle β of inclination from the vertical of the upper part of the side wall towards the middle of the insulator is within β=2-6°, while in the corner lower parts of the insulator, angular drainage thresholds are made , each of which has a height equal to the height of each drainage recess of the insulator.

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