RU196527U1 - LATER INSULATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to means of fastening a rail of a rail track to its base. The technical result of the side insulator is to increase its reliability. To this end, the side insulator comprises a housing having a front wall, forming an inner face on the rear side of the insulator housing in a rear view, vertical plates with inner walls. Cutouts with upper and lateral sides are made at the ends of the housing from below, the height h of each cutout is in the range h = 2.0-15.0 mm from the lower edge of the front wall. The upper front chamfers are made on the back of the insulator on the sides of the front wall, the inner face and inner faces of the vertical plates form a truncated pyramid on the back of the insulator, tapering from the bottom up. Each vertical plate of the side insulator has a chamfer on the bottom side, opposite the inner face of the insulator, the vertical plates have conical protrusions, each of which is located in the recess of the plate on its horizontal wall, the upper chamfer is made on top of the outside of each vertical plate, on the front side of each vertical the plates are made of inclined guides, which are a continuation of the front wall and plates, cutouts are made in the bottom of the front wall. The inner face of the front wall is made inclined to the rear side of the insulator, each plate in the rear view has a face inclined towards the middle of the insulator at an angle β to the vertical within β = 0.5-10 °. The inner face is inclined to the rear side of the insulator, on which inclined projections are made, located at an angle μ to the horizontal in the range μ = 15-45 °. Each conical protrusion has a vertex and faces, one of which is a vertical face, and the other face is an inclined face to the side of the vertical plate.

Description

The side insulator refers to the elements of the rail mounting nodes to the base of the railway track, it is one of the components of the node. The insulator has a complex shape, it is designed to isolate the sole of the rail from the head of the mounting anchor, monolithic in the base, in particular in reinforced concrete sleepers. The insulator perceives lateral forces transmitted from the sole of the rail to the anchor, as well as to maintain the track gauge of the railway track.

There are known side insulators used for their installation between the soles of rail tracks and anchors, through which the rails are connected to the base of the rail track (RU 181212 U1 07/06/2018. RU 129938 U1, 07/10/2013. RU 189544 U1, 05/28/2019. RU 130316 U1, 07.20.13. RU 2691466 C2. 06/14/2019. RU 2017108803 A, 06/14/2019 - GB 1414595.7 08/18/2014).

A fixing device (side insulator) for holding a terminal is known, comprising means for positioning the terminal, which includes a base element and a couple of terminal elements connected thereto, extending upward, spaced relative to each other to form an opening and made with guide passes. Said guide passages are formed on the respective outer surfaces of the terminal holding elements. Each of the guide passes is made in the form of a groove formed in the side wall of the corresponding terminal holding element. Each of the terminal holding elements is made with an inwardly protruding portion extending above said opening. The arch of each said guide passage is made with a downward inclined part extending along it in the direction from its opening. The specified basic element supports the terminal when it is in the position before assembly inside the device. The lateral outer surfaces of the terminal holding elements are interconnected by a base element in part of their lengths. The base element connects the adjacent end parts of the terminal holding elements (RU 2125626 C1, 01/27/1999)

The aforementioned known lateral insulator of the rail fastening unit is made in the form of an integral part having a complex shape and consisting of a first plate, a second plate protruding perpendicularly from the Central part of the upper edge of the first plate, and at each end of the first plate made upward facing positioning elements of the insulator, which extend perpendicular to the first plate. The positioning elements of the insulator are spaced from the second plate. Each of the positioning elements in the lower part has a groove extending parallel to the first plate. The insulator has positioning supports extending from the bottom surface of each positioning element of the insulator, remote from the first plate and having an inclined upper surface. The insulator has walls connecting one side of the upper surface of the positioning supports with the positioning elements of the insulator. The first plate has a height in its central part, made with dimensions greater than or equal to 25 mm, but less than or equal to 36 mm (RU 129938 U1, 07/10/2013 - prototype). Common features of the prototype and the claimed insulator is that both contain a housing having a front wall, forming an inner side on the rear side of the insulator housing in the rear view, vertical plates with inner walls, and cutouts with upper and side sides are made at the ends of the housing from the bottom. The prototype insulator has a probability of putting it on the anchor and unreliable retention of the gasket of the attachment point by the insulator from its movement in the longitudinal direction. Other disadvantages disclosed in the prototype of the insulator are:

- insufficient range of cut heights in the insulator to remove it from the anchor, the possibility of scoring (engagement) of the side insulator with temperature extension of the rail or reducing its length, as well as in the process of discharging rail lashes,

- the inability to install the insulator in the fastening points of the rails on the curved sections of the railway with a small radius (bending of the rail can lead to destruction of the side shelf of the insulator),

- the complexity of the institution and positioning of the side insulator when putting it on the anchor, not tight and relatively unreliable connection, which leads to the likelihood of damage to the side insulator when putting on the anchor,

- the lack of protection of the surface of the insulator from damage when putting on the side insulator on the anchor, the possibility of engaging the side insulator with a rail when positioning and installing the rail between the anchors in the case of replacing a worn rail with a new rail,

- the possibility of stagnation of water in the gap of the connection of the insulator with the anchor and corrosion of the metal of the anchor and rail, the inability to ventilate the connection,

- unreliable retention of the side insulator from displacement in the plane of action on the insulator of torsion moments.

In the aggregate, the listed disadvantages of the prototype significantly reduce the reliability of the side insulator during its interaction with other elements of the rail mount to the base of the track.

The technical result of the side insulator presented in this description is to increase its reliability.

The technical result is obtained by a side insulator comprising a housing having a front wall, forming an inner face on the rear side of the insulator housing in the rear view, vertical plates with inner walls, while cutouts with upper and side sides are made at the ends of the housing, the height h of each cut is within h = 2.0-15.0 mm from the lower edge of the front wall, while the upper front chamfers, the inner face and the inner faces of the vertical plates are made on the sides of the front wall behind the insulator form a truncated pyramid in the form of an insulator at the back, tapering from bottom to top, with each vertical plate of the side insulator having a chamfer on the inside from below, the vertical plates opposite the inner face of the insulator have conical protrusions, each of which is located in the recess of the plate on its horizontal wall, from above an upper chamfer is made on the outside of each vertical plate; inclined guides are made on the front side of each vertical plate, which are a continuation of the front cuts and plates, cutouts are made below in the front wall, the inner face of the front wall is inclined to the rear side of the insulator, each plate in the rear view has a face inclined towards the middle of the insulator at an angle β to the vertical within β = 0.5-10 °, the inner the face is inclined to the rear side of the insulator, on which inclined protrusions are made, located at an angle μ to the horizontal in the range μ = 15-45 °.

Each conical protrusion has a vertex and faces, one of which is a vertical face, and the other face is an inclined face to the side of the vertical plate.

In FIG. 1 shows a side insulator in a rear view.

In FIG. 2 - side insulator in front view.

In FIG. 3 - side insulator in the bottom view.

In FIG. 4 - side insulator in a top view.

In FIG. 5 is a side insulator in longitudinal section along BB in FIG. 4.

In FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional side insulator along AA in FIG. 1.

In FIG. 7 is a section BB of FIG. 6 (fragment).

The side insulator is made monolithic of durable non-metallic material and is a part having such a complex shape, which is shown in (Fig. 1-6). This insulator contains a front wall 1 (Figs. 2-4, 6), vertical plates 2 (Figs. 3, 5) protruding perpendicularly from the central part of the insulator and forming internal recesses 3 from the inside (Figs. 3, 4). At the end of each plate, a side cutout 4 is made on the end side of the insulator (Figs. 1, 2, and 5). The height h of each cutout 4 is in the range h = 2.0-15.0 mm from the lower edge of the front wall 1. The upper side 5 (Figs. 1-3 and 5) of cutout 4 is designed to press the laying ears to the railroad track (laying not shown). The upper side 5 of the cutout 4 is also intended to prevent the laying of the strip in the vertical direction during operation of the rail-to-sleeper assembly, and the sides 6 (Figs. 1-3 and 5) of the cutout 4 keep the strip from moving in the longitudinal direction.

The design of the side insulator allows it to be manufactured with a cutout height h in the specified wide range, since the design provides that when adjusting the rail in height relative to the sleepers, removable shims are placed under the rail sole and the rail is positioned in height from 2.0 to 15.0 in height mm In this regard, the height h of each cut-out that performs these functions is selected empirically and takes into account the thickness of the mounting unit gasket and the thickness of the removable adjusting shims used, which are placed under the rail sole together with the main gasket.

The cutouts 4 of the side insulator also serve to remove the side insulator from the anchor of the mount, during which the insulator is hooked by the tool at the same time on the two upper sides 6 of the cutout and raise the insulator up. It is possible to alternately lift the side insulator over one or the other side, lifting each edge of the side insulator in turn.

In front of the insulator, on the sides of its front wall 1, upper front chamfers 7 are made (Fig. 2-4), due to which the rail does not bulge during the temperature extension of the rail or to reduce its length, as well as during the discharge of rail lashes, and does not form wedge preventing the movement of the rail. The front wall 1 of the side insulator with chamfers 7 also allows you to install the insulator in the fastening points of the rails on the curved sections of the railway with a small radius. In this case, the chamfers 7 eliminate the dangerous contact of the rail with the angle of the side insulator, since the chamfers allow the rail to smoothly bend around the insulator.

In the bottom view of the side insulator (Fig. 3), it has inner faces 8 of the plates 2, while the faces 8 serve to facilitate the positioning of the side insulator while putting it on the anchor. Each vertical plate 2 of the side insulator (Fig. 3) has a chamfer 9 on the inside from the bottom, which serves to facilitate the positioning of the insulator when it is put on the anchor. Also, in the form of a side insulator at the bottom (Fig. 3) and in the form of a side insulator at the back (Fig. 1), the side insulator has an inner face 10, which together with faces 8 form a truncated pyramid (Fig. 6), tapering from the bottom up, which makes it easier to establish lateral insulator on the anchor and putting it on the anchor, while in the process of connecting the insulator to the anchor, the insulator is connected to the anchor with an interference fit, forming a tight and reliable connection. This connection reduces the likelihood of damage to the side insulator when donning to the anchor.

Opposite the inner edge 10, each vertical plate 2 has a conical protrusion 11 (Fig. 3, 6 and 7) located in the recess 3 of the plate 2 on its horizontal wall. The protrusions 11 provide a tight connection and reliable fixation of the side insulator on the anchor. In this case, the protrusions protect the surfaces beyond the protrusions from damage when putting the side insulator on the anchor. Each conical protrusion 11 has a vertex and two faces (Fig. 7), one of which is a vertical face, and the other face is a face tilted towards the vertical plate.

On top of the outside of each vertical plate 2, an upper chamfer 12 is made (Fig. 6); in another embodiment, the vertical plate can be rounded instead of a chamfer. Chamfer 12 eliminates the engagement of the side insulator with the rail when positioning and installing between rail anchors in case of replacement of a worn rail with a new rail. Also for this purpose, on the side insulator, angular guides 13 are made (Fig. 1, 2, 4-6), extending upward from the front wall 1 and the plates 2.

In operation, the side insulator wears out, and a gap is formed between the anchor and the inner surface of each vertical plate 2 and the inner face 10. In order to avoid water stagnation in the gap and corrosion of the metal of the anchor and rail, cutouts 14 are made in the bottom 1 of the wall 1 (Fig. 1, 2 and 3) that provide ventilation and reduce corrosion. Face 8 of each plate 2 is made inclined to the middle of the insulator at an angle β to the vertical within β = 0.5-10 °. The inner edge 10 is inclined to the rear side of the insulator (Fig. 6).

On the rear side of the side insulator (Fig. 6) there are inclined projections 15 located at an angle μ to the horizontal. The angle μ is set between μ = 15-45 °. The protrusions 15 are intended for their location under the ends of the clamping terminal of the rail mounting unit to the railroad tie and for holding the side insulator from displacement in the plane of action of the torsion moment insulator. Each of these conical protrusion 11 is located on a horizontal wall 16 (Fig. 3) of the plate 2, forming a recess 3.

The side insulator works as follows. Put the side insulator on the anchor (not shown) and carry out the installation of the node connecting the rail with the base in a known manner. In this case, in the working position, the front wall 1 of the insulator is in the clamped position between the end face of the rail sole and the working elements of the anchor. As a result, the insulator dampens the shock and dynamic loads from the rail to the anchor, isolates the rail, perceives the lateral forces transmitted from the sole of the rail to the anchor, and keeps the track gauge of the rail track within the design limits. The side insulator disclosed in this utility model excludes:

- the probability of damage to the side insulator when put on the anchor,

- unreliable retention of the gasket of the fixing unit by the insulator from its movement in the longitudinal direction,

- unacceptable height of the cutout in the insulator for its removal from the anchor of the attachment point,

- the possibility of scoring (engagement) of the side insulator with temperature extension of the rail or reducing its length, as well as in the process of discharging rail lashes,

- provides the ability to install the insulator in the fastening points of the rails on the curved sections of the railway with a small radius (bending of the rail can lead to destruction of the side shelf of the insulator),

- eliminates the complexity of the institution and positioning of the side insulator when putting it on the anchor, not tight and relatively unreliable connection, which leads to the likelihood of damage to the side insulator when putting on the anchor,

- the possibility of stagnation of water in the gap of the connection of the insulator with the anchor and corrosion of the metal of the anchor and rail, the inability to ventilate the connection,

- unreliable retention of the side insulator from displacement in the plane of action on the insulator of torsion moments.

Together, these positive aspects of using the anchor significantly increase the reliability of the insulator in conjunction with other elements of the rail mount to the base of the track.

Claims (2)

1. A side insulator comprising a housing having a front wall, forming an inner face on the rear side of the insulator housing in a rear view, vertical plates with inner walls, and cutouts with upper and side sides are made at the ends of the housing, characterized in that the height h each cut is within h = 2.0-15.0 mm from the lower edge of the front wall, while the upper front chamfers, the inner face of the front wall, and the inner faces of the vertical edges are made on the sides of the insulator on the sides of the front wall Astin form a truncated pyramid on the back of the insulator in the form of an insulator, tapering from bottom to top, with each vertical plate of the side insulator having a chamfer on the underside, opposite the inner face of the insulator, the vertical plates have conical protrusions, each of which is located in the recess of the plate on its horizontal wall, an upper chamfer is made on top of the outside of each vertical plate, inclined guides are made on the front side of each vertical plate, which are a continuation of of the same wall and plates, cutouts are made at the bottom in the front wall, the inner face of the front wall is made inclined to the rear side of the insulator, each plate in the rear view has a face inclined towards the middle of the insulator at an angle β to the vertical within β = 0.5-10 °, the inner face is inclined to the rear side of the insulator, on which inclined projections are made, located at an angle μ to the horizontal in the range μ = 15-45 °. 2. The side insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that each conical protrusion has a vertex and faces, one of which is a vertical face, and the other face is an inclined face to the side of the vertical plate.

Images