RU188917U1 - ANCHOR OF RAIL STRING - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to rail rail fastenings to the bases of the track. To increase the accuracy of the relative position of the rails of the railway track relative to their bases, the anchor contains a pair of brackets with supporting horizontal projections, upper projections are made in the upper part of the anchor, side channels are made in the brackets on the sides for fixing the ends of the elastic terminal, below the anchor projections there is a leg monolith in the monolith of the base of the railway track. In the zone of connection of the leg with the brackets, the back wall of the anchor connecting the brackets and the middle of this wall is made its height is formed on the projecting outwardly from a wall resistant shelf, above which is located a side of the dielectric insulator materiala.Izolyator formed with protrusions at the ends of the insulator, disposed in the side brackets channels, it is molded on the upper projections of the anchor with the possibility of removal and replacement. The cross section of the insulator is L-shaped, formed by an upper horizontal wall and a lower vertical wall adjacent to the back wall of the anchor. Between the anchor shelf of the anchor and the lower end of the vertical wall of the insulator is formed a gap for clamping the rail track in it. The thickness t of the vertical wall of the side insulator is within 6.0-12.0 mm, the width f of the horizontal wall of the insulator is 2t, and the height h of the vertical wall of the insulator is equal to the width f of the horizontal wall. The insulator is due to the elasticity of the dielectric plastic from which it is made , put on the upper protrusions of the anchor with a tightness, with the possibility of its removal and replacement with another side insulator, having a different thickness of the vertical wall within the specified limits. The lower end surface of the vertical wall of the side insulator has a lower clamping platform for interaction with the rail strip and a chamfer, which forms a cavity with the anchor.

Description

The utility model relates to the upper structure of the railway track, in particular, to the means of fastening the rails to the railways, such as sleepers, rails, slabs and concrete blocks.

Known anchors rail fasteners for connecting the base of the track with rails (EN 109465 U1, 10.20.2011. EN 2228979 C2, 10.27.2003. DE 3820243 A1, 08.02.1990. US 4802623 And 07.02.1989. US 3428253 And, 18.02. 1969. WO 9312294 A1, 06/24/1993. RU 159985 U1, 02/27/2016. RU 2269613 C2, 02.10.2006. RU 2434986 C2, 11/27/2011. US 5735458 A, 04/07/1998. RU 2116397 C1, 07.27.1998) .

A device for fastening a rail to a sleeper is known, comprising an anchor assembly secured in the sleeper with a head bounded in the upper outwardly protruding part by a surface of a given profile and provided with side channels for fixing the ends of an elastic terminal in contact through an insulator with a rail bottom, characterized in that the surface of the protruding upper parts of the head are made in the form of two adjacent planes with different angles of inclination relative to the horizontal plane, and the plane closest to the rail foot is made odyaschey, and adjacent to it - rising (RU 2235159 C2, 27.08.2004 - closest analogue). In this analogue, the removal of the side insulator from the anchor can be carried out after the removal of the terminal, which significantly increases the laboriousness of replacing the side insulator with another insulator.

A rail fastener is known for connecting a rail base with rails comprising an anchor with a fastener for holding the fastening clip (terminal) of a side insulator to provide an electrically insulating bearing surface between a vertical side surface of the rail base of the rail and an electrically insulating support surface along the outer surface of the wall is provided insulator. The insulator further comprises an element connected to the inner surface of the wall, and this element has an upper surface that extends substantially in the perpendicular direction relative to the carrier surface to a depth of do from the inner surface of the wall that is more or almost equal to the depth dw of the wall in the indicated direction (WO 2016027059 A1, 02.26.2016, E01B 9/30 - a prototype).

Common features of the prototype and the utility model presented in this description are that each technical solution presented in the prototype and utility model contains a rail fastening anchor containing a pair of brackets, on the ends of which the supporting horizontal projections are made, and in the upper part of the anchor the upper projections are made, at the same time, the side channels for fixing the ends of the elastic terminal are made in the brackets on the sides, the anchor has a leg below the support lugs for monolithing it in the iron base monolith roadway, in the zone of connection of the leg with brackets, the back wall of the anchor connecting the brackets is made; in the middle of the back wall along its height there is a thrust shelf protruding outward from the wall, above which the side insulator is made of dielectric material.

In this prototype, as in the analogue, the removal of the side insulator from the anchor can be carried out after the removal of the terminal, which significantly increases the complexity of replacing the side insulator with another insulator. In this case, a significant disadvantage of the prototype is that it lacks the ability to accurately fix the rail in the design position in cases of technological deviations of the rail from this position or in case of wear of the rail head from its lateral inner side, which is in contact with the wheel flange of the wheel pair of the car. In these cases, it is necessary to adjust the position of the rail to its design position. This adjustment is carried out in order to achieve the accuracy of the location of the rail in its working design position, and the adjustment is performed by moving the rail after it has been laid on the rail pad between the anchors.

The technical result presented in this description of the utility model is to improve the accuracy of the relative position of the rail of the railway track relative to the base of the track.

The technical result was obtained by a rail fastening anchor containing a pair of brackets, on the ends of which there are horizontal supporting lugs, and in the upper part of the anchor there are upper lugs, while the lateral channels for fixing the ends of the elastic terminal are made on the sides of the anchor, below the supporting lugs the anchor has a leg for its monolithing in the monolith of the railway track base, in the zone of the leg connection with the brackets there is a back wall of the anchor connecting the brackets in the middle of the back wall along its the cell is made protruding outward from the wall thrust shelf, over which the side insulator is made of dielectric material, the side insulator made with protrusions at the ends of the insulator, located in the side channels of the brackets and the side insulator is pressed on the upper ledges of the anchor with the possibility of its removal and replacement The lateral insulator in cross-section is L-shaped, formed by the upper horizontal wall and the lower vertical wall adjacent to the back wall of the anchor, while between the anchor shelf and the lower end of the vertical wall of the insulator formed a gap intended for clamping a rail track track in it, the thickness t of the vertical wall of the side insulator is within 6.0-12.0 mm, width f of the horizontal wall of the insulator and 2t, height h the vertical wall of the insulator is equal to the width f of the horizontal wall.

The lateral insulator due to the elasticity of the dielectric material from which it is made, is put on the upper protrusions of the anchor with tension, with the possibility of its removal and replacement with another lateral insulator, having a different thickness of the vertical wall within the specified limits.

The lower end surface of the vertical wall of the side insulator has a lower clamping platform for interaction with the rail strip, an internal bevel that forms a cavity with the anchor, as well as an external bevel that faces the outside of the anchor.

Each anchor bracket is made with a thickening on the outside of the bracket, and each end of the side insulator is stepped, with the step covering the side thickening of the bracket on the front and bottom sides of the thickening.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings illustrating an example implementation of a technical solution.

FIG. 1 shows a rail fastening anchor, side view.

FIG. 2 is a view A of FIG. one.

FIG. 3 is a view B in FIG. one.

FIG. 4 shows a section B-B in FIG. 3

FIG. 5 - a junction of an anchor with a side insulator in an enlarged form.

The implementation of the technical solution is made, for example, by a cast steel anchor 1 fixed in a concrete base (FIG. 1), the upper part of which is located above the track base (which may be a concrete sleeper, a supporting concrete slab or a solid concrete base). The upper part of the anchor is located above the base, and its lower part is embedded in a concrete base.

The upper part of the anchor includes a pair of brackets 2 connected by a bridge, which are symmetrically located relative to the longitudinal axis of the anchor (Fig. 3).

The lower part of the anchor is made in the form of a leg 3 (Fig. 1), while in the zone of transition of the leg in the upper part 1 the anchor has a thrust shelf 4 (shoulder). On the opposite side of the thrust flange 4 in the side walls of the brackets, channels 5 and 6 (Fig. 3) are provided under the ends of the elastic rail fastening clip to the base of the track. The brackets also have horizontally oriented support lugs 7, each of which has a platform 8. The leg 4 of the anchor is located below the support lugs 7, the protrusions are designed to support the anchor on the base of the track.

The platform 8 of each support protrusion 7 and the surface 9 of the support flange 4 are located in the same horizontal plane 10 (FIG. 1). The brackets 2 and the supporting protrusions are located symmetrically relative to the axis 11 of the symmetry of the anchor (Fig. 3). FIG. 1 below the horizontal plane 10 there is an array of the rail track base, for example, concrete (shown conventionally by a set of points).

Above the support shelf 4 there is a lateral insulator 12 made of dielectric plastic, having vertical grooves 13 (FIG. 3) in which vertical projections 14 of the anchor brackets are located. The insulator 12 has a L-shaped cross section (FIG. 4), which is formed by an upper horizontal wall and a lower vertical wall 15 located above the anchor shelf 4 of the anchor. The vertical wall is adjacent to the back wall 16 of the anchor, which is located between the brackets. The side insulator has side projections 17 (FIG. 3). The horizontal wall 18 of the side insulator has a width f (Fig. 4). Between the anchor shelf 4 of the anchor and the bottom end surface of the vertical wall 15 of the insulator, a gap s is formed for clamping the rail strip 19 therein (conventionally shown).

The thickness t of the vertical wall 15 of the side insulator is within 6.0-12.0 mm, the width f of the horizontal wall 18 of the insulator is 2t, the height h of the vertical wall 15 of the side insulator is equal to the width f of the horizontal wall 18.

The side insulator 12 is designed to seal the conductive rail connection with the conductive anchor and to insulate them apart from each other by eliminating electrical contact between them, and also by tightly pressing the gasket 19 to the thrust shelf 4 by applying pressure to the gasket of the end wall of the insulator vertical wall 15.

The side insulator 12 is pressed in or tightly fitted on the vertical protrusions 14 of the anchor and secured to them in the working position. The tabs 14 are a continuation of the back wall 16 of the anchor, they eliminate the offset of the side insulator relative to the anchor. Fixing the side insulator is also carried out extending from the vertical wall 15 of the side insulator lugs 17 (Fig. 3) at the ends of the insulator. The protrusions 17 are located in the side channels 5 and 6 brackets.

Mount on the anchor side insulator 12 is made with the possibility of removal from the anchor one insulator and install on it another side insulator having a greater or lesser thickness t of the vertical wall 15 within t = 6.0-12.0 mm.

The lower end of the vertical wall 15 interacts with a rubber rail liner 19 (Fig. 5) in the working position of the anchor (the gasket is not included in the design of the anchor). The lower end of the vertical wall 15 (Fig. 4, 5) has an inner bevel 20, forming a cavity 21 with the anchor, in which the end of the gasket is located 19. The lower end of the vertical wall 15 also has an outer face 22 facing the outside of the anchor. As a result, the lower end has a wedge-shaped shape on the sides, adjacent to the lower clamping platform 23 of the end face of the wall 15.

Above the side channels 5 and 6 of the brackets there are made thickenings 24 located in the upper part of the bracket. Each end of the side insulator is stepped, with the step 25 covering the side thickening of the bracket from the front and bottom sides of the thickening 24.

An anchor with a lateral insulator pressed on it is a rail fastening unit ready for use with a rail track base. The sets of anchors with side insulators and legs embedded on them that are embedded in reinforced concrete rail sleepers are a ready-to-install structure — a rail section or a tie grid.

The anchor works as follows.

The base of the railway track is joined with anchors in the known manner with the soles of the rail tracks, while for mounting each rail the rail is positioned on a rail strip 19 (FIG. 5) located between each pair of anchors. Anchors are located on both sides of the rail foot (in Fig. 1, one anchor is shown in the position to the right of the rail). Since each anchor of the presented type is rigidly monolithic at the base of the track and it is impossible to move the anchor away from the rail or to the rail, then, if necessary, change the position of the rail on the rail pad so that the rail occupies the required design position. To do this, move the rail to the axis of symmetry of the railway track or from the axis along the entire length of the rail. After adjusting the position of the rail to its design position, the tool reveals the gap between the back wall 16 (Fig. 4) of each anchor and the end of the rail bottom. After the gap is detected, a vertical wall 15 of the side insulator of such thickness is introduced into this gap, which corresponds to the identified gap. Similar operations are carried out with another anchor located on the other side of the rail. It should be noted that the adjustment of the position of the rail between other pairs of anchors located along the length of the rail, perform sequentially in a similar way.

As a result of the operations, the rail is securely fixed in the exact working position and is blocked from movement relative to the longitudinal axis of the track. Next, a clamping terminal is inserted into each anchor bracket and the rail foot is pressed against the gasket 19 and to the base of the railway track.

When the side insulator is connected to the anchor, the rail strip 19 is clamped in the gap s (Fig. 4, 5) between the anchor thrust shelf 4 and the lower clamping platform 23 of the vertical wall 15. In this position, the end of the rubber gasket is located inside the cavity 21 between the anchor and the inner facet vertical wall 15 of the side insulator (Fig. 5) in a secure position pushed from displacement. In this position, the side projections 17 of the side insulator are located in the side channels 5, 6 of the anchor brackets, and the steps 25 of the ends of the side insulator 12 cover the thickenings 24 of the brackets.

Similarly, the other end of the rail strip is pinched with a side insulator of the second anchor mirrored on the other side of the rail foot.

During long-term operation of the track, the rubbing surfaces of the rail fastening of the rail with the anchor wear out, including the vertical wall 15 of the side insulator, and also the flanges of the wheelsets of the rolling stock and the side surfaces of the rail heads wear out. At the same time between the wall 15 of the side of the insulator and the end of the foot rail forms a dangerous gap, leading to lateral movement of the rail relative to the base of the path within acceptable limits.

The design of this anchor allows, by changing the thickness t of the vertical wall 15 of the insulator, to change the track width of the track within t = 6.0-12.0 mm and thus change to compensate for the wear of the rail heads and flange of the wheels. By changing the thickness t, the specified gaps in the rail fastening joints are eliminated.

In such cases, after identifying the specified gap perform repairs. The worn side insulator is removed from the anchor in a known manner, the position of the rail is corrected, the gap between the end of the rail foot and the back wall 16 of the anchor is detected, a new side insulator with thickness t of the vertical insulator wall 15 corresponding to the identified gap is installed and the new side insulator is replaced in place of the former side insulator . This eliminates the identified gap between the back wall 16 of the anchor and the end of the foot rail.

Thanks to the described construction of the rail fastening anchor, it is possible to move each rail of the railway track from the design position to the middle of the track at a distance of about 6.0 mm and the ability to adjust the track gauge to the design position within 12.0 mm. As a result, the accuracy of the location of the rail track relative to the base of the track, and the quality of the installation of the railway track and its repair is improved.

Claims (4)

1. Rail fastening anchor containing a pair of brackets, at the ends of which horizontal supporting protrusions are made, and upper projections are made in the upper part of the anchor, while the lateral channels for fixing the ends of the elastic terminal are provided on the sides of the anchor; its monolithing in the monolith of the railway track base, in the zone of the leg connection with the brackets, the back wall of the anchor is connected, connecting the brackets, in the middle of the back wall along its height there is a protruding bed Already from the wall there is a thrust shelf above which a side insulator is made of a dielectric material, characterized in that the side insulator is made with protrusions at the insulator ends located in the side channels of the brackets, while the side insulator is pressed on the upper protrusions of the anchor with the possibility of its removal and replacement The lateral insulator in cross section has a g-shaped form formed by the upper horizontal wall and the lower vertical wall adjacent to the back wall of the anchor, between the anchor thrust shelf and the lower end of the vertical wall of the insulator is formed by a gap intended for clamping a rail track rail in it, the thickness t of the vertical wall of the side insulator is within 6.0-12.0 mm, the width f of the horizontal wall of the insulator is 2t, the height h of the vertical wall of the insulator is the width f of the horizontal wall. 2. The anchor under item 1, characterized in that the lateral insulator due to the elasticity of the dielectric material from which it is made, is mounted on the upper protrusions of the anchor with tension, with the possibility of its removal and replacement with another lateral insulator having a different vertical wall thickness specified limits. 3. Anchor under item 1, characterized in that the lower end surface of the vertical wall of the side insulator has a lower pressure pad to interact with the rail strip, the inner chamfer forming a cavity with the anchor, as well as an outer chamfer facing the outside of the anchor. 4. Anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that each anchor bracket is made with a thickening on the outside of the bracket, and each end of the side insulator is stepped, with the step covering the side thickening of the bracket on the front and bottom sides of the thickening.

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