RU179190U1 - RAIL ANCHOR ANCHOR - Google Patents

Abstract

Anchor refers to the nodes of the connection of rails of the rail track with its base or sleepers. The technical result of the utility model is to increase the reliability of the anchor, for which purpose, in the anchor, including a support having a pair of brackets, at the ends of which support projections are made, and a leg located below the support, an abutment collar is made in the zone of connection of the leg with the support, and in the form of an anchor in front of the leg made curved, forming two rectilinear parts, one of which is the upper vertical part, and the other part is inclined with respect to the upper part at an angle β to the inner side of the anchor and is the lower inclination constant part of the legs. A semicircular protrusion made to the outside from the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the leg is made on the bottom side of the leg, and the working contact surfaces of the thrust shoulder and the support protrusions are located in one horizontal plane. The axis of symmetry of the semicircular protrusion is parallel to the vertical part of the leg, and it is located from the outer contour of the upper part of the leg at a distance of 40-50 mm, and the extreme lower point of the semicircular protrusion is located at a distance of 120-130 mm from the specified horizontal plane. The height of the semicircular protrusion from the horizontal part of the butt end is in the range of 6-8 mm, and the angle between the vertical and inclined parts of the leg is in the range β = 15-30 °.

Description

The utility model relates to the upper structure of a railway track and is intended for attaching rails to reinforced concrete rail bases, such as sleepers, beams, slabs, blocks and others, as well as for high-speed trunk lines with increased axial loads and high load-bearing strength.

Known rail fastening anchor containing a shank made of a corner, one shelf of which is a wall, and the second shelf is a support (RU 2228979 C2, 10.27.2003 - with analogues SU 1401095 A1, 06/07/1988. DE 3820243 A1, 02/08/1990. US 4802623 A, 02/07/1989. US 3428253 A, 02/18/1969).

Known anchor bolt for mounting the rail, containing the head, the support support platform and the shank. The head is made in the form of a semicircle having a certain thickness and is placed on the supporting platform, the upper part of the head is offset in the direction of the platform rail. A hole and a groove for accommodating the elastic clamp are provided on both sides of the axis of the head. Rectangular grooves for receiving the adjusting sleeve are located front and rear in the middle of the head. Rectangular recesses for mounting the regulating sleeve are provided in front, side, facing the support platform under the rail, above the support platform. The distance from the elastic clamp to the head support platform is equal to the thickness of the control sleeve. The lower part of the head is equipped with a supporting platform, which tapers down and goes into a shank, the shank consists of two parallel vertical walls connected by separate rectangular ribs that form transverse side walls, the gaps between which in the plane of the longitudinal section of the shank are provided with through windows of different heights: lower height in the upper part and greater height at the periphery of the shank (WO 2017180080 A1, 10.19.2017).

A fastener device is known comprising a base element that extends horizontally and a pair of terminal holding elements that connect at one end thereof to each end of the base element so as to extend perpendicular to their vertical and horizontal surfaces. A groove formed in the outwardly facing wall of each terminal holding element provides a passage for receiving external terminal branches. The terminal holding elements are spaced relative to each other with the base element in order to limit the opening between them for receiving the internal terminal branches. The protruding inward protrusions located above the opening of the upper part of each terminal holding element serve to limit the movement of the internal branches of the terminal upward, which may occur due to the inclination of the rail when using the terminal. Each passage has an opening at the end of the terminal holding element, which is remote from the base element and is closed by a wall at the other end of the terminal holding element. The fastening device is attached to the concrete foundation of the rail with a rod so that it protrudes from its base (WO 9312294 A1, 06.24.1993).

Known rail fastening anchor having a shank walled into the sleeper, a wall restricting lateral movement of the rail, a hook for attaching an elastic terminal, pressing the rail against the sleeper, and support on the sleeper. The anchor is made of a corner, one shelf of which is a wall, and the second is a support, and the shank is made of the middle part of the second shelf, cut near the edge and bent in the direction from the first shelf (UA 49368 C2, 09.16.2002).

It is known an anchor device for holding a rail fastening terminal, wherein the design of the above device provides for casting concrete sleepers and contains a head and a rod, while the rod extends downward from the lower side of the head of the device for embedding into concrete sleepers, and the head contains two spaced apart connectable walls configured to place between them the portion of the terminal rail fastening to be held, while the surface for contact with the terminals supported by the above walls form means for interacting with the terminal and holding such a rail fastener terminal in a working position in which the terminal rests on the rail, while no other area of the device is designed to contact the rail fastener terminal and none of the above surfaces for contact with the device terminal cannot be seen when the anchor device is in the working position, in which the lower side of the head is facing down when viewed from the anchor device with top down towards the top of the head. All of the above surfaces for contact with the terminal of the device can be seen when looking at the lower side of the anchor device from the bottom of the rod when it is in the above working position (RU 159985 U1, 02.27.2016, RU 2269613 C2, 02.10.2006; RU 2434986 C2, 11/27/2011).

A device for attaching a rail to a railroad tie is known, comprising an anchor assembly fixed in the railroad tie with a head bounded in the upper protruding part of the surface of a given profile and provided with lateral channels for fixing the ends of the elastic terminal contacting the rail sole through the insulator, characterized in that the surface of the protruding upper part of the head is made in the form of two adjacent planes with different angles of inclination relative to the horizontal plane, and the plane closest to the bottom of the rail is made down odyaschey and adjacent to it - uplink (RU 2235159 C2, 27.08.2004).

A fixing device for holding the terminal is known, comprising means for positioning the terminal, characterized in that said means include a base element and a couple of terminal elements connected thereto, extending upward, spaced relative to each other to form an opening and made with guide passages, guide passages are formed on the respective outer surfaces of the terminal holding elements. Each of the guide passes is made in the form of a groove formed in the side wall of the corresponding terminal holding element. Each of the terminal holding elements is made with an inwardly protruding portion extending above said opening. The arch of each of the said guide passage is made with a downward inclined part extending along it in the direction from its opening. The specified basic element supports the terminal when it is in the position before assembly inside the device. The lateral outer surfaces of the terminal holding elements are interconnected by a base element in part of their lengths. Connected to the base element are adjacent end parts holding the terminal of the elements (RU 2125626 C1, 01/27/1999).

Known rail fastening anchor containing a shank embedded in the sleeper, a wall restricting lateral movement of the rail, a hook for attaching a spring terminal pressing the rail to the sleeper, and a support on the sleeper, characterized in that it is made of a corner, one shelf of which is a wall, and the second support, and the shank is made of the middle part of the second shelf, notched at the edge and bent in the direction of removal from the first shelf RU 2228979 C2, 10.27.2003). This anchor rail fastening according to the patent does not provide a sufficiently reliable positioning of the anchor in the tooling for the manufacture of reinforced concrete sleepers in the process of its manufacture.

Close in technical essence to the utility model presented in this description is a rail fastening anchor, including an upper part for installing an elastic terminal made of two brackets and a lower part in the form of an I-beam, fixed in a rail support - reinforced concrete sleepers by monoling it (RU 109465 U1 , 10.20.2011).

The disadvantages of the rail fastening anchor according to the patent RU 109465 U1 are the poor positioning of the anchor in the equipment for the manufacture of sleepers, which leads to leakage of concrete between the anchor and the equipment, as well as the insufficient strength of its connection with the array of sleepers, since the axis symmetry of the anchor there are moments of force aimed at pulling the anchor out of the sleepers. There is also increased wear on the top of each bracket.

These drawbacks are eliminated in the rail fastening anchor, including the upper part for installing an elastic terminal of two brackets, and the lower part in the form of an I-beam, fixed in the rail support, while on the rail side in the place of passing the upper and lower parts a stop shoulder is made, and from the opposite the sides at the ends of the brackets are made support ledges, and the leg of the I-beam in cross section is elongated along the rail support, and the upper part of the bracket is rounded (RU 116504 U1, 05.27.2012 - prototype).

In the prototype, the problem of increasing the reliability of positioning the anchor in a snap during the manufacturing of reinforced concrete sleepers together with the anchor is solved. Positioning improves the strength of the anchor to the tie. As a result, the possibility of the appearance of moments of force aimed at tearing the anchor out of the sleepers during the operation of the anchor is reduced. The above-described design of the anchor also made it possible to exclude damage to the equipment during the manufacture of sleepers in it.

However, as practice has shown, the anchor according to the patent RU 116504 U1 has a design that does not sufficiently allow the anchor to be held in the concrete mass of the sleepers, which is associated with the geometry of the elements of the anchor and their relative position relative to each other. Also, when molding the sleepers during its casting in the snap the anchor works in contact with the anchor seal, which serves to prevent the flow of concrete. In this case, the anchor works with the anchor cap, through which the anchor is fixed in the sleeper socket during the production of sleepers. Considering the fact that the anchor cap is a composite material that allows forces of at least 0.7 kgf to be exerted on the cap, as practice shows, when molding the sleepers on the forming line and tightening the clamping device manually, frequent breaks in the caps occur during concrete compaction vibrating table. At the same time, it is not possible to trace and prevent these processes and as a result, the sleepers are often subject to culling or contain hidden defects. The design of the anchor, presented in the prototype, does not provide the ability to prevent damage to the seal and changes in its geometry, which leads to distortion of the anchor when forming the sleepers, reducing the strength of the connection between the anchor and the sleepers and the reliability of the anchor in operation.

The common features of the prototype and the anchor presented in this description are such signs that both rail fasteners include a support having a pair of brackets, at the ends of which support projections are made, and a leg located below the support, while a stop collar is made in the transition zone of the legs and support.

The technical result of the utility model presented in this description is to increase the reliability of the anchor.

The technical result is obtained by a rail fastening anchor, including a support having a pair of brackets, at the ends of which support projections are made, and a leg located below the support, while in the zone of connection of the leg with the support, a thrust shoulder is made, and on the form of the anchor in front, the leg is made curved, forming two straight parts, one of which is the upper vertical part, and the other part is inclined with respect to the upper part at an angle β to the inner side of the anchor and is the lower inclined part of the leg, and the lower side on the end of the legs is formed semicircular protrusion biased into the outer side of the longitudinal symmetry axis of the legs, and the working contact surface of the thrust flange and the support arms are arranged in the same horizontal plane.

The axis of symmetry of the semicircular protrusion is parallel to the vertical part of the legs.

The axis of symmetry of the semicircular protrusion is located from the outer contour of the upper part of the legs at a distance of 40-50 mm, and the extreme lower point of the semicircular protrusion is located at a distance of 120-130 mm from the specified horizontal plane.

The height of the semicircular protrusion from the horizontal part of the butt end is in the range of 6-8 mm.

The angle between the vertical and inclined parts of the legs is in the range β = 15-30 °.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a rail fastening anchor, front view.

In FIG. 2 - anchor, side view.

In FIG. 3 - anchor, top view.

In FIG. 4 is a view A in FIG. 1 (increased).

In FIG. 5 is a section BB in FIG. one.

In FIG. 6 is a section BB of FIG. one.

In FIG. 7 is a dimensional diagram of the anchor in front view.

In FIG. 8 is a side view of an anchor dimensional diagram.

The rail fastening anchor comprises an upper part 1 located above the rail support, which may be a concrete sleeper, a concrete support slab or a solid concrete base. The anchor presented in this description is intended, in particular, for its use in the construction of mainly reinforced concrete sleepers. The upper part 1 of the anchor is designed to install an elastic terminal for fastening the rail to the anchor (the terminal is not shown). The upper part 1 of the anchor includes two symmetrically arranged relative to the longitudinal axis of the anchor bracket 2 (Fig. 2).

The anchor has a lower part 3, made in the form of a leg 4, concreted in the sleepers, having the shape of an I-beam in a side view (Fig. 2). On the upper side of the anchor, in the transition zone 5 of the upper part 1 to the lower part 3, a thrust shoulder 6 is made, and on the opposite side of the shoulder 6 at the ends of the brackets 2 there are made support projections 7 (Fig. 1, 2), each of which has a platform 8 The root part of the platform 8 of each supporting protrusion 7 (Fig. 7) is located at the same level with the horizontal platform 9 of the thrust shoulder 6. The rest of each platform 8 is inclined to the horizontal plane 10 at an angle α equal to within 5-10 °.

The lower part of the anchor extends downward from the anchor horizontal horizontal plane 10, and the pair of brackets 2 extends to the sides of the vertical axis of symmetry 11 of the anchor (Fig. 8), while the root part of the stop shoulder 6 is located in the anchor base plane 12. The leg 4 of the anchor is located below the support projections 7 and in the zone of their transition is a thrust shoulder 6.

In the front view of the anchor (Fig. 1), the leg 4 is made curved, forming two rectilinear parts, one of which is the upper vertical part 13 (Fig. 7), extending down from the base plane 10, and the other part of the leg 4 is inclined with respect to the upper parts at an angle β to the inner side of the anchor and is the lower inclined part 14 of the legs.

The inclined part 14 of the leg below has a support 15, at the end of which a semicircular protrusion 16 is made, shifted to the outside or towards the base plane 12. The side anchor (Fig. 8) is limited by the lateral base plane 17, and the axis of symmetry 18 of the protrusion 16 is offset relative to the axis the symmetry of the support 15 and is parallel to the outer plane of the upper part 13 of the legs. The outer surface of the upper part 13 of the legs 4 is located in the base plane 12.

The axis of symmetry 18 of the semicircular protrusion 16 is located from the outer contour of the upper part 13 of the legs at a distance of 40-50 mm (Fig. 7), and the extreme lower point of the semicircular protrusion 16 is located at a distance of 120-130 mm from the specified horizontal plane 10. The height of the semicircular protrusion 16 from the horizontal part of the end face of the support 15 is in the range of 6-8 mm

An anchor is made as follows. A seal is installed in the sleeper socket, in which the anchor is installed and pressed in the sleeper snap in the set position by transmitting the pressing force acting directly on the semicircular protrusion 16 from the pressing device to the side of the protrusion. This eliminates the bias of the anchor from the design position, in which it rests on the metal edges of the sleepers with support projections 7 and a persistent shoulder 6 (Fig. 3). This ensures accurate fixation of the anchor in the sleeper socket and minimizes the risk of culling the sleepers.

After the manufacture of the sleepers with the anchors monolithic in it, the sleepers are connected in a known manner with the rails and each anchor occupies the working position shown in FIG. 1. From the wheels of the rolling stock, alternating loads are transferred to the rails, sleepers and anchors, and each anchor experiences efforts to break it from the sleepers and shear forces. At the same time, the accuracy of positioning the anchor in its working position allows it to extinguish the emerging reactions within the specified design limits, which increases the reliability of the anchor. The anchor leg, monolithic in the sleeper, having vertical and inclined parts, at the moment of peak loads allows, within the specified limits of its elasticity and bending work, to extinguish dangerous reactions in the vertical direction. With long-term operation of the anchor, this has a significant impact on the reliability of its operation and traffic safety.

Claims (5)

1. An anchor rail fastening, comprising a support having a pair of brackets, at the ends of which are made protrusions, and a leg located below the support, while in the zone of connection of the legs with the support there is a thrust shoulder, characterized in that the leg is made curved in front of the anchor, forming two rectilinear parts, one of which is the upper vertical part, and the other part is inclined with respect to the upper part at an angle β to the inner side of the anchor and is the lower inclined part of the leg, and from the lower side and end legs formed semicircular protrusion biased into the outer side of the longitudinal symmetry axis of the legs, and the working contact surface of the thrust flange and the support arms are arranged in the same horizontal plane. 2. Anchor rail fastening according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of symmetry of the semicircular protrusion is parallel to the vertical part of the legs. 3. The rail fastening anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of symmetry of the semicircular protrusion is located at a distance of 40-50 mm from the outer contour of the upper part of the leg, and the extreme lower point of the semicircular protrusion is located at a distance of 120-130 from the specified horizontal plane mm 4. Anchor rail fastening according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the semicircular protrusion from the horizontal part of the end face of the legs is in the range of 6-8 mm 5. Anchor rail fastening according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle between the vertical and inclined parts of the legs is in the range β = 15-30 °.

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